Development of Learning Activities Using the 5W1H Technique to Enhance Thai Reading Comprehension Ability of Grade 5 Students

Abstract

Background and Aims: Thai is the national language, representing independence, culture, and serving as a cru cial communication tool for Thai people. Thai language proficiency is a fundamental and essential skill for Thais to acquire knowledge across all disciplines. It enables effective and efficient communication with others and facilitates proficient use of communication technology. Research Objectives 1) To develop learning activities using the 5W1H technique that promotes reading comprehension for Grade 5 students to achieve 80/80 effectiveness. 2) To compare Grade 5 students Thai reading comprehension ability after learning with the 5W1H technique activities against the 80 percent criterion, and 3) To study students' satisfaction with the learning activities using the 5W1H technique.

Methodology: The research sample consisted of 18 students from Class 5/1 at Rajabhat Mahasarakham University Demonstration School. This school operates under the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation (MHESI). The sample was selected during the second semester of the 2024 academic year using cluster random sampling. The research instruments used were learning management plans, a multiple-choice reading comprehension test, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis included percentages, means, standard deviations, and hypothesis testing with a t-test.

Results: The research findings revealed that: 1) The learning activities using the 5W1H technique to enhance reading comprehension for fifth-grade students achieved an efficiency of 83.40/84.44, which was higher than the set criterion. 2) Students'
post-learning reading comprehension ability was significantly higher than the 80% criterion at the .05 statistical level. 3) Students' overall satisfaction with the 5W1H learning activities was at the highest level.

Conclusion: The development of learning activities using the 5W1H technique effectively improves Thai reading comprehension ability in grade 5 students and can be applied to further student development.