Journal for Developing the Social and Community

Appendix

Editorial RDI-RMU — 2025-02-20

Appendix

Factors Affecting the Operation of Thamanao Subdistrict Administrative Organization

Angkana Udompan — 2025-01-25

Background and Aims: The Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO) plays a vital role in local governance, ensuring the delivery of essential public services, infrastructure development, and community welfare at the grassroots level. It fosters citizen participation and addresses localized needs, promoting sustainable development in rural areas. This research aims to (1) study the operation level of Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization, Chai Badan District, Lop Buri Province, (2) study the factors affecting the operation of Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization, Chai Badan District, Lop Buri Province, and (3) study recommendations on factors affecting the operation of Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization, Chai Badan District, Lop Buri Province.

Methodology: Quantitative research was used. The sample consisted of 347 people aged 18 years and over in Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization by using Taro Yamane's formula. The research instrument was a rating scale questionnaire with a reliability of 0.735. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, frequency, standard deviation and linear multiple regression analysis.

Results: The results of the research found that (1) the operation level of Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization, Chai Badan District, Lop Buri Province was at a high level overall. (2) Factors affecting the operation level of Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization Chai Badan District, Lopburi Province, including factors of public participation, teamwork, resource factors, and leadership factors, can explain the operation of Tha Manao Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Chai Badan District, Lopburi Province (Y) by 77.20 percent with statistical significance at the .05 level and (3) recommendations include promoting leaders to have a clear vision, setting long-term goals, and linking organizational strategies with community needs, such as training in strategic decision-making skills and resource management, supporting clear communication within the team and between departments, and creating various channels for exchanging information, allocating budgets, personnel, materials, equipment, and technology appropriately and sufficiently for each project, setting clear and continuous policies so that the project can operate effectively, and organizing a forum or channel for people to express their opinions on problems and needs in the community.

Conclusion: The research concluded that the Tha Manao Sub-district Administrative Organization operates at a high level, influenced significantly by public participation, teamwork, resources, and leadership, explaining 77.20% of its effectiveness. Key recommendations include fostering visionary leadership, aligning strategies with community needs, improving communication, and ensuring adequate resource allocation for sustainable development.

Teaching and Learning Model for Using Virtual Simulations to Promote the Performance of Police Students

Somchai Sangdaw — 2025-02-10

Background and Aims: Simulation Approach is a learning activity that focuses on letting learners act out and solve problems in a hypothetical situation, then make decisions and realize the consequences of their actions. It consists of important activity steps, such as introducing learners by recognizing the problems they will face and solving them to achieve results, letting learners ask questions, giving learners the opportunity to criticize their performance along with their reasons and beliefs for completing the task, emphasizing that learners can use their previous experiences to connect new experiences and knowledge. It allows learners to create their own knowledge, to be alert all the time, to learn challenging things, to support them in finding answers by themselves, and for teachers to provide assistance to learners who need guidance in order to develop with potential. This research aims to: 1) Study the results of using a virtual simulation teaching model. 2) Compare the learning ability before and after using a virtual simulation teaching model. 3) Study the learning competency.

Methodology: This is a mixed-method, quasi-experimental research. The data were 35 police cadets. The instruments used were a virtual simulation and an ability assessment form. Data were analyzed using the mean and standard deviation, and the reference statistics were the t-test. Quantitative research The informants were 35 police cadets. The instruments were questionnaires using a ready-made statistical program, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. For qualitative research, the informants used purposive sampling with 8 qualified experts. The instruments were interview forms. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: The research results found that: 1. Learning ability scores using the virtual simulation teaching model of police cadets Situation 1 “Making noises, causing disturbances to others” Before studying, the average was 6.91, after studying 18.11 Situation 2 “Students fighting each other” Before studying, the average was 6.71, after studying 18.37 Situation 3 “Taking and possessing methamphetamine” Before studying, the average was 7.49, after studying 18.91 2. Comparison of learning ability scores before and after using the virtual simulation teaching model of 3 situations found that the average learning ability scores after studying were significantly higher than before studying at the .05 level. 3. The learning competence of police cadets at the Police Training Center, Region 3, was overall at a high level ( = 4.44. S.D. = 0.63).

Conclusion: The results of using the teaching model using virtual simulation of police cadets at the Police Training Center Region 3 in all 3 situations found that after studying, the average score was higher than before studying. The comparison of learning ability before and after using the teaching model using virtual simulation found that the average score of learning ability of police cadets after studying was significantly higher than before studying at the .05 level, which was in line with the hypothesis. And the study of learning competency of police cadets at the Police Training Center Region 3 was at a high level overall. The aspect with the highest average score was police ethics. Important recommendations include the use of simulation-based teaching methods in other short- term courses organized by the Police Academy to enhance learning skills.

Enhancing Fundamental Skills in International Music Notation Reading through Game-Based Learning: A Case Study of First-Year Students in The Music Program

Suteerapong Pinitpol — 2025-02-17

Background and Aims: The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of developing undergraduate students’ international music notation reading skills through game-based learning and to compare these skills between the experimental and control groups.

Methodology: This study employs a quasi-experimental research design with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The participants are 30 undergraduate students majoring in music and music education who have no prior experience in reading international music notation. The sample is divided into two groups: 15 students in the control group and 15 students in the experimental group. The control group studied music notation reading through traditional documents and textbooks, while the experimental group developed music notation reading skills through game-based learning. Data collection instruments included pretest and posttest music notation reading assessments, as well as the "Note Teacher" application. Data were analyzed using t-test statistics.

Results: 1. After participating in the foundational skill enhancement program for reading international music notation through game-based learning, the experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher mean score in music notation reading skills (xˉ=79.43, SD=4.97) compared to their pretest score (xˉ=13.52, SD=7.23), with statistical significance at the .05 level of significance (t=26.33). rapeepan_28@hotmail.com

2. A comparison of posttest scores for music notation reading skills showed that the experimental group achieved a significantly higher mean score than the control group, also with statistical significance at the .05 level of significance.

Conclusion: The research findings indicate that game-based learning is more effective in developing international music notation reading skills than relying solely on textbooks and instructional materials. Integrating games into education not only enhances the enjoyment of learning but also fosters student engagement and promotes the development of essential skills such as problem-solving, decision-making, and collaboration—key competencies in the study of international music notation. Therefore, educators must design instructional activities that align with the learning objectives to ensure effective implementation of game-based learning strategies.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Learning Management

Thayida Lertchanadecha — 2025-02-18

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing education by transforming traditional learning management systems (LMS) into more adaptable, customized, and efficient platforms. This study looks at a number of AI applications in learning management, including personalized learning paths, real-time student assessments, enhanced student engagement, and administrative assistance. Predictive analytics, intelligent tutoring systems (ITS), adaptive learning systems, and other artificial intelligence (AI)-driven technologies are transforming how educators interact with students, provide individualized feedback, and identify youngsters who may be at danger. AI technology can also expedite administrative processes, reduce the administrative load on educators, and enhance resource management.

Objective: This article aims to analyze the use of AI for effective learning management.

Methodology: This study examined relevant academic literature, analyzed and synthesized it, and presented it in line with the study objectives.

Results: According to the findings, there are several obstacles to integrating AI into education, such as worries about algorithmic bias, data privacy, and implementation costs. Additionally, there is opposition from instructors who could feel intimidated by AI's role in education and worry that it would worsen educational disparities. The use of AI in learning management has a bright future despite these obstacles. The educational experience is set to be significantly improved by developments in AI-powered lifetime learning assistance, the integration of new technologies like augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), and AI-human collaboration.

Conclusion: Along with instructor reluctance and equity issues, the incorporation of AI in education poses significant hurdles, such as data protection, bias, and budgetary barriers. But there is still a lot of room for revolutionary and inclusive educational innovation thanks to developments in AI-human collaboration and new technologies like AR and VR.

Presentation Format of Health-Related Content for the Elderly People by Social Media Influencers

Peeranut Lertpongadisorn — 2025-02-25

Background and Aims: The aging population is rapidly increasing worldwide, particularly in developed and developing countries. This trend has led to growing demand for products and services tailored to seniors, such as health products, tourism, real estate, and home care. Additionally, older adults are increasingly using social media, creating opportunities for influencer marketing that emphasizes credibility and valuable content, especially in the health sector. Understanding the behaviors and needs of seniors is crucial for designing effective communication strategies that resonate with this demographic.The research aims to study the presentation format of health-related information for the elderly influenced by opinion leaders.

Methodology: This study adopts a qualitative research methodology. The data collection involves coding sheets to analyze presentation formats. Multistage cluster sampling was employed, dividing the influencer sample into four groups: two groups of 3 individuals each, consisting of micro-influencers and macro-influencers.

Results: The study found that Samples employ various presentation styles and techniques. Those who adopt a soft sell approach prioritize providing health-related information, while those using a hard sell approach focus on product or service pricing information. Content nature varies, with longer narratives aimed at enhancing understanding and shorter content for quick comprehension.

Conclusion: This study reveals that influencers strategically present informational content to promote health benefits for the elderly, leveraging credible sources to enhance the reliability of their messages. They provide comprehensive details, including contact information, product descriptions, and pricing, ensuring transparency and accessibility. Additionally, influencers employ reasoned persuasion to explain disease causes or preventive measures, effectively building trust through social proof. Emotional appeals are also utilized to engage the audience on a deeper, more relatable level. These findings highlight the multifaceted communication strategies influencers use to influence health behaviors among the elderly population.

Developing the ability of Grade 2 students to use difficult word reading skills using CIRC techniques to accompany the exercise

Supornsa Noiha — 2025-02-27

Abstract

Background and Aims: Reading is an important knowledge seeking because reading is an increase in knowledge and experience. Reading is a perception of text the readers must understand the meaning and intention of the communicator and analyze the facts obtained from reading to decide whether to accept or reject. Therefore, reading is important to individuals because it helps develop thinking in various aspects. This research aims to 1) Develop learning activities using reading skills exercises, difficult words using CIRC learning techniques, along with exercises, to be effective according to the 80/80 criteria. 2) Compare the ability to read difficult words using CIRC cooperative learning activities of grade 2 students before and after learning. 3) Study the satisfaction of grade 2 students using CIRC cooperative learning activities.

Methodology: The target group is students currently studying in Grade 2 at Ban Nong Phai School, 2^nd Semester, Academic Year 2023, Maha Sarakham Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 from 1 classroom 6 students. Research instruments include: 1) Learning management plans, 12 plans, 12 hours per plan 2) Test to measure the ability to read difficult words, Thai language learning group, Grade 2, multiple choice, 3 options, 30 questions 3) Satisfaction questionnaire. Statistics used in data analysis include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation.

Results: 1) The plan for organizing learning activities on reading difficult words for students was effective (E.1/E.2) equal to 80.71/86.19, which was in accordance with the criteria of 80/80. 2) The ability to read difficult words by using the CIRC cooperative learning group activities of the 2nd grade students before and after learning was equal to 0.6585, indicating that the students who learned to read difficult words by using the CIRC learning technique with exercises had increased knowledge by 65.85, higher than before learning. 3) The satisfaction of the 2nd grade students by using the CIRC cooperative learning group activities of the Thai language subject group, 2nd grade students was at a high level ( = 2.63).

Conclusion: The development of collaborative learning activities using CIRC techniques with exercises can effectively develop reading skills of grade 2 students and can also be applied to develop students at higher levels.

Digital Public Administration: A Scenario Model for Future Transformation

Watcharaporn Jantanukul — 2025-02-27

Background and Objectives: Digital public administration plays an important role in transforming public administration by leveraging technology to improve service delivery, enhance transparency, and promote greater public participation. The introduction of digital platforms enables governments to streamline work processes, reduce bureaucratic inefficiencies, and provide services that are more accessible and responsive to public needs. This article presents a digital public administration model scenario for the transition to the future.

Research Methodology: The author uses a documentary research method, conducts content analysis, and synthesizes elements with a descriptive presentation.

Results: Digital public administration model scenario for the transition to the future consists of 1) Digital Transformation of Government Operations, 2) Digital Public Services, 3) Digital Governance and Transparency, 4) Capacity Building for Civil Servants, 5) Cybersecurity and Privacy Management, 6) Innovation and International Collaboration, and 7) Digital Strategies and Policies.

Conclusion: Digital government management is the integration of digital technologies into government processes to increase efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of public services, including the use of digital platforms for e-government services, which allow citizens to interact with government agencies online and enable governments to streamline processes, reduce bureaucratic procedures, and provide services that are more responsive to citizens.

Lessons Learned From Best Practices of Tax Audit Officer the Chachoengsao Area Revenue Office

Akekawut Phanthupart — 2025-02-27

Background and Aims: Tax auditors of the Revenue Department are in a position that requires adaptation, knowledge of accounting, law, current political events, and observation techniques and the use of rhetoric in speaking to encourage people to pay taxes, which will lead to further national development. This research aims to 1) extract lessons on good tax auditing practices of tax auditors at the Chachoengsao Revenue Office, and 2) determine guidelines for developing good tax auditing practices of tax auditors at the Chachoengsao Revenue Office.

Methodology: Qualitative study by collecting data through in-depth interviews with 5 key informants who were specifically selected from those who had scores from the performance index or work success in each fiscal year with a score order of more than 120 points for at least 2 consecutive fiscal years.

Results: It was found that Good practices of tax auditors must have knowledge of the law, the Revenue Code, and must also be aware of the regulations, practices, policies of the executives, and the goals set for each fiscal year. They must also behave as kind colleagues who help each other and are not selfish, even though tax auditors do not consider career growth or have a role model in their work. Good practices are divided into 3 main steps: 1) Consider the goals set for each fiscal year, analyze the company's preliminary data, and compare financial statements for at least 2 years: the current year and the previous year. Then, select the tools used for the work. 2) Conduct the audit according to the regulations, practices, and use the tools specified by the Revenue Department. The work must refer to the law, which is the Revenue Code. If the business operator does not comply with the regulations, practices, or laws, the business operator must make corrections. 3) Submit the audit results to the supervisor for consideration and approval to end the matter and forward them to the relevant agencies. In order to determine the guidelines for developing good practices, it is very important to create a foundation of knowledge and understanding for tax auditors in accounting, the Revenue Code, related regulations, and practices to prepare tax auditors to work according to the organization's goals.

The Expectations for Quality of Life of Enlisted Soldiers from the Special Equipment Engineering Battalion, Engineering Division, After Discharge from Military Service

Dolatham Thappichaya — 2025-02-28

Background and Aims: The Military in Thailand is very important to the security and development of the nation, from protecting the independence in the founding era to defending sovereignty from foreign invasions, to maintaining peace and order and helping people in times of disaster. Such roles are not limited to military missions, but also include supporting work to improve the quality of life of the people during times of peace with conscripts. Therefore, conscripts are human resources of the nation who have sacrificed their personal interests to serve the nation. Therefore, it is interesting to see what conscripts in the Special Equipment Engineering Battalion, Engineering Division expect to live after discharge. This research aims to study 1. Personal data factors affecting expectations for quality of life after discharge from the military 2. The level of expectations affecting quality of life after discharge from the military.

Methodology: This research is a quantitative research method from a sample group of 280 people using a questionnaire as a tool and the results were analyzed statistically by frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and hypothesis testing at a statistical significance level of .05.

Results: It was found that most of the sample group were 20-22 years old, had a high school education, were registered in Bangkok and its vicinity, were single, had a pre-service income of less than 10,000 baht, were general employees, and were voluntarily enlisted in the military service. The overall level of opinions regarding expectations for quality of life after discharge from the military service was at the highest level. The results of the hypothesis testing found that different personal factors, age, education level, registered home, family status, pre-service income, and methods of enlisting in the military service had different opinions regarding expectations for quality of life after discharge from the military service, with statistical significance at the .05 level. Meanwhile, different occupations before enlistment had no different opinions regarding expectations for quality of life after discharge from the military service.

Development of Training Leadership: XYZ Company Limited

Sudaree Homhual — 2025-02-28

Background and Aims: Leadership is a very important factor for the success of an organization because leaders play a role in setting the direction and guidelines for various operations in the organization, including promoting and inspiring the team. Therefore, this research aimed to (1) determine the leadership competencies of XYZ Company Limited and (2) develop a leadership training curriculum for XYZ Company Limited.

Methodology: The research was divided into 2 phases as follows: Phase 1: Studying data to determine leadership competency by studying research documents both domestically and internationally on leadership competency and conducting focus group discussions with senior and middle executives within the organization to determine the leadership competency the organization needs. Phase 2: Developing a leadership training curriculum for XYZ Company Limited according to the specified leadership competency.

Results: In the first phase, when the researcher conducted the focus group discussion process to determine the leadership competencies of the production supervisors of XYZ Co., Ltd., with 1 senior executive, general manager and 7 middle executives, department managers, the researcher summarized the data into 3 competencies: (1) working with goals, (2) problem solving and decision-making, (3) creating excellent teamwork. In the second phase of the research, the development of the training curriculum can be divided into 3 steps as follows: (1) creating the training curriculum outline, (2) evaluating the curriculum components, and (3) improving the training curriculum outline by using the 70:20:10 learning model in terms of learning and development.

Conclusion: Developing personnel knowledge in line with competencies in this research study is consistent with the objectives of the training curriculum and activities, the consistency of the concepts used with the training curriculum activities, the coverage of content, the duration of training curriculum, the appropriateness of learning methods, and the appropriateness of evaluation approach for all competencies. All can be used to train the production supervisors of XYZ Co., Ltd. in accordance with the research objectives.

The Impact of Entrepreneurship, Marketing Capability, and Business Innovation on Soft Power Competitive Advantage in the Textile and Garment Industry in Thailand

Pongsiri Kamkankaew — 2025-02-28

Background and Aims: Competition in Thailand’s textile and garment industry relies on cultural value creation and innovation to showcase product uniqueness and enhance international competitiveness. This research aims to examine the influence of entrepreneurship, marketing capability, and business innovation on soft power competitive advantage in Thailand’s textile and garment industry.

Methodology: This study employs a quantitative research approach, collecting data from 655 entrepreneurs in the textile and garment industry through questionnaires. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the causal relationships among the studied variables.

Results: The analysis results indicate that entrepreneurship significantly influences marketing capability (β = 0.744, p < 0.05) and business innovation (β = 0.728, p < 0.05). Marketing capability positively impacts soft power competitive advantage (β = 0.702, p < 0.05) and business innovation (β = 0.753, p < 0.05), while business innovation also significantly affects soft power competitive advantage (β = 0.616, p < 0.05). All research hypotheses were supported. The model demonstrated a good fit with empirical data, as indicated by the following statistical indices: chi-square = 242, df = 152, p-value = 0.176, GFI = 0.917, AGFI = 0.908, SRMR = 0.020, CFI = 0.906, NFI = 0.916, IFI = 0.904, RFI = 0.904, and RMSEA = 0.037.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that fostering entrepreneurship and marketing capability can drive business innovation, leading to soft power competitive advantage in Thailand’s textile industry. Developing innovation-driven strategies alongside the application of soft power to promote Thailand’s cultural identity will enable entrepreneurs to achieve sustainable global competitiveness. This study also provides policy recommendations to enhance the textile industry’s economic potential and create new opportunities for Thailand in the international market.

A Study on Physical Fitness and Exercises Behaviors of Undergraduates

Yanisa Phungkat — 2025-03-02

Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was to 1) study the level of physical fitness and exercises behaviors of undergraduates 2) study the relationships between personal factors that related to exercises behaviors of undergraduates.

Methodology: This study employs survey research. The samples were 37 undergraduates, who registered Health Promotion for Life in the academic year 2024. The data were collected by using 1) the physical fitness test, comprising 5 items, consisting of body mass index, sit and reach, hand grip strength, 60 seconds chair stand and standing long jump. The item-objective congruence index was 1. 2) questionnaires about exercises behaviors. The item-objective congruence index was 0.83 The data collected were analyzed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient.

Results: The findings were as follows 1) Body mass index of male students were in proportional criteria and female students is in proportion Flexibility of male students were low range and female students were in the low criteria Muscular strength of male students were in the low criteria and female students were in the low criteria Muscular endurance of male students were in the good and female students were in the good Muscular strength and power of male students were in the lower criteria and female students were in the lower criteria and the exercises behaviors were in the moderate level Body mass index had relationships with exercises behaviors level (p =0.046) at statistical significance.

Conclusion: The research findings indicate that male and female students had physical Fitness below the standard, exercise behavior were in moderate level and body mass index had relationships with exercises behaviors level. Therefore, students should have more movement or exercise to keep their physical fitness within standard and those involved should promote and support places and equipment for exercising for students

Guidelines for changing the behavior of elderly male prisoners who commit sexual crimes against children

Sombat Lencomemee — 2025-03-01

Background and Aims: Prisons are responsible for managing the sentences of offenders, including sexual crimes, particularly those committed by elderly individuals against children, who are often close acquaintances. This issue has been escalating due to social factors and external stimuli. This study aims to develop behavioral rehabilitation strategies for elderly inmates that align with community contexts to prevent reoffending after release. The objectives of the research titled “ Guidelines for Changing the Behavior of Elderly Male Prisoners Who Commit Sexual Crimes against Children” were: 1) to study the behavior condition of elderly male prisoners who committed sexual crimes against children, 2) to study guidelines for the development of changing the behavior of elderly male prisoners who committed sexual crimes against children, and 3) to evaluate program model for the development of changing the behavior of elderly male prisoners who committed sexual crimes against children.

Methodology: Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with 15 elderly male prisoners who voluntarily provided information on motives for committing the crimes, and 12 key informants to develop program for the development of changing the behavior of elderly male prisoners who committed sexual crimes against children that was appropriate for the context, and 6 experts to evaluate program model for the behavior development that was appropriate for the context using content analysis.

Results: The research results were found that the basic information showed that the prisoners were between 61 and 77 years of age, completed primary school, were farmers with monthly income less than 10,000 baht. In aspect of family, the prisoners were poor and had a low income that was not enough for expenses, the parents worked in other provinces and left the children with grandparents for raising. In social and community aspect, it was rural community with structural changes, became a skipped-generation society, local lifestyles and culture were changed, and the community was changed to urban community with high living costs and reliance on external factors increasingly. In aspect of relationships with children, it was found that the relationship was related to relatives and close friends, most of them raised them. Other factors that caused crimes were caused from the offenders themselves used drugs, were intoxicated, and some were found to have abnormal physical and mental condition. In environmental aspect, it was not safe for children, lack of protection from parents working outside, and factors from the children themselves.

Conclusion: The results of the study on guidelines for the development of changing the behavior of elderly male prisoners who committed sexual crimes against children were as follows: The Department of Corrections’ behavior modification program should be applied to suit the context by using appropriate activities for their age and could be practically implemented in the community after the release of the prison, with the total number of 7 programs. The evaluation results were found that the appropriateness of the behavior development program to change the behavior of elderly male prisoners who committed sexual crimes against children at Khon Kaen Central Prison was rated at a high level ( = 4.467), with the morality and ethics program at the highest level (= 4.600), followed by the self-care skills education program (= 4.567), the mental development program (= 4.480), the basic occupation training program (= 4.467), the training program to avoid the use of drugs and alcohol to prevent and avoid sexual crimes among elderly males (= 4.433), the training program for elderly males who committed sexual crimes against children (= 4.400), and the therapeutic community program (= 4.324) respectively.

Factors affecting people's purchase of government lottery tickets Wang Sam Mo District, Udon Thani Province

Chatchavee Yordyot — 2025-03-01

Background and Aims: The government lottery is considered the most popular form of gambling for Thai people. It is estimated that 24,626,233 million Thai people play the legal lottery In 2024, it was found that the statistics of Thai people playing the legal lottery showed that there were as many as 24 million people. In addition, most people in Wang Sam Mo District, Udon Thani Province are farmers, which has an uncertain income. This may cause people to be interested in buying legal lottery tickets in the hope of getting a windfall from buying government lottery tickets. Therefore, this research aims to (1) study the factors affecting the purchase of legal lottery tickets by people in Wang Sam Mo District, Udon Thani Province, and (2) study the relationship between personal data, behavior, and marketing mix. Factors affecting the purchase of legal lottery tickets by people in Wang Sam Mo District, Udon Thani Province

Methodology: This is a descriptive study and tested the variance from a sample of 400 people. The statistics used are frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and One-way ANOVA.

Results: It was found that most of the sample groups were female, aged between 41-50 years, single, graduated with a vocational certificate/higher vocational certificate, worked as farmers/employed, and had an average income of 10,001-15,000 baht per month. Most of them bought legal lottery tickets every draw in 1 year, buying 1 government lottery ticket at a time. In the case of buying more than 1 ticket, most of them chose to buy the same last 2 digits and bought the legal lottery ticket each time not exceeding 100 baht. The time of buying legal lottery tickets was uncertain, buying from general stores, friends/people around them were the source of the numbers they bought. The reason for buying legal lottery was because they liked to take risks. The chance of buying legal lottery tickets was uncertain, In the case of buying legal lottery tickets with numbers that did not match their needs, most of them chose to buy the reverse number. They followed the lottery results via radio. They thought the legal lottery price was appropriate for the economic situation. Most of them had never won the lottery and after not winning the lottery, they would buy again in the next draw.

Conclusion: The results of the hypothesis testing on factors affecting the purchase of legal lottery tickets by the sample groups with different genders, ages, status, education levels, and incomes were not significantly different overall and in each aspect at a statistical level of .05

The Image of Isan Region through the Online Public Relations Media of the Chinese Government: A Case Study of the Official WeChat Account of the Consulate General of the People's Republic of China in Khon Kaen

Phuripan Pochaikaew — 2025-03-13

Background and Aims: The Isan region is known for its rich cultural heritage, playing a significant role in tourism and economic development. However, its representation in Chinese media remains limited. This study aims to: 1) examine the roles and functions of Chinese government representatives in presenting content related to Isan’s arts, culture, and tourism through Chinese government public relations media, 2) explore the image of Isan as portrayed by these representatives, and 3) establish guidelines for utilizing public relations media to strengthen cultural and tourism relations between China and Isan.

Methodology: This study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research. The qualitative analysis examines the roles and functions of Chinese government representatives in presenting content about Isan’s arts, culture, and tourism, as well as exploring the projected image and the strategic use of public relations media to enhance China–Isan relations. The quantitative analysis assesses the types of content and the frequency of media dissemination. The study analyzes online public relations content published by the Consulate-General of the People's Republic of China in Khon Kaen from July 7, 2024, to December 31, 2024, covering 34 original topics.

Results: Chinese government representatives play a crucial role in strengthening China–Thailand relations, encompassing cooperation in economic, educational, and tourism sectors. The official WeChat account, under the Chinese username "中国驻孔敬总领馆" presents content across various aspects. The three most frequently communicated topics in the public relations media are provincial image (41.1%), tourism (23.5%), and education (14.7%). The content dissemination strategy is structured, employing systematic communication approaches, carefully curated content, and engaging presentation. The frequency of posts ranges from 1 to 2 per day, with adjustments made to align with significant Thai festivals.

Conclusion: The role of Chinese government public relations media serves as a key intermediary in promoting the provincial image, disseminating knowledge on the distinctive arts and culture of the Isan region, and highlighting its educational landscape. The content is presented in a concise and engaging manner, with high frequency and consistent dissemination, particularly during significant periods and events.

Urban Rail Transit Safety Assessment: The Case of Railway Passenger in Bangkok

Oranicha Buthphorm — 2025-03-13

Background and Aim: This study explore passenger perceptions of safety within Bangkok's urban rail networks, emphasizing safety operations and management. The research aims to identify areas of strength and weakness in the system to provide actionable recommendations for improvement.

Material and Methods: Data were collected from 394 respondents using a survey-based methodology. The survey assessed various safety dimensions, including operational safety, station facilities, security measures, and services for disabled passengers.

Results: The findings reveal high satisfaction levels for operational safety, particularly in signals, signage, and safety equipment, reflecting a strong commitment to passenger protection. However, moderate ratings were noted for station facilities, security measures, and services for disabled passengers, indicating significant areas for enhancement.

Conclusion: This study evaluated passenger perceptions of safety in Bangkok's urban rail transit system across six key dimensions: station facilities, signals, signage, safety equipment, security, and accessibility for disabled passengers. While operational safety, such as signals (4.45) and signage (4.26), received high satisfaction ratings, moderate scores for station facilities (3.53), security measures (3.54), and accessibility services (3.49) reveal significant areas needing improvement. Notably, low ratings for some attributes such as platform safety features (2.96), luggage checks (2.79), and disabled-friendly restrooms (2.36) indicate critical gaps in safety, security, and inclusivity. Addressing these deficiencies through enhancements in infrastructure, such as ADA-compliant facilities, better lighting, and upgraded security systems, is essential for ensuring a safer and more inclusive urban rail system. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and rail operators to align urban rail safety improvements with international best practices, fostering sustainable urban development and boosting passenger trust and ridership.

The Desirable of School Administrators Characteristics in Sahawittayakhet Chonburi 2 under the Secondary Education service Area Office Chonburi Rayong

Phanasornbongkoch Jantabuala — 2025-03-13

Background and Aims: School administrators play an important role in driving education to achieve its objectives, especially in the current era where organizations must be managed efficiently and have knowledge in leadership concepts and theories, science, art, and techniques that can be applied according to the context. The objectives of this research are: 1) to study the characteristics of school administrators who are desired in Chonburi 2 School-Cluster Campus, Chonburi Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office, and 2) to compare the characteristics of school administrators who are desired in Chonburi 2 School-Cluster Campus, Chonburi Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office, classified by gender, educational qualifications, and work experience.

Methodology: Quantitative research methodology was used with the sample group of 210 teachers in Chonburi 2 School-Cluster Campus, under the Office of the Chonburi Rayong Secondary Education Area Office. The data collection tools were questionnaires with a 5-level rating scale. Statistics used for data analysis included frequency distribution, percentage, reliability, content validity, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.

Results: It was found that the desirable characteristics of school administrators in Chonburi 2 School-Cluster Campus, Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office were at a moderate level overall. Each aspect was at a high level in 2 aspects: vision and personality. at a moderate level, 4 aspects: administrative ability, leadership, morality, ethics, and human relations. When comparing the desirable characteristics of school administrators in Chonburi 2 School-Cluster Campus, Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office classified by gender, educational qualifications, and work experience, it was found that teachers with different genders, educational qualifications, and work experience were significantly different overall at a statistical level of .05.

Conclusion: The characteristics of the desired school administrators in Chonburi 2 Sub-district, Chonburi Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office are overall at a moderate level. Therefore, school administrators should improve and develop the desired characteristics in a good direction so that educational administration can be carried out in accordance with the set objectives efficiently.

Competency factors affecting success in the work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province

จิรปรียา อ่อนคำ — 2025-03-13

Background and Aims: Work performance is important to the performance of employees and the organization. This will help in selecting people who have good characteristics including knowledge. Skills and Abilities as well as behavior appropriate to the job. to carry out work successfully according to the true needs of the organization

Helps workers know what level their abilities are and what areas they need to develop. Helps to learn more by yourself. The objectives of this research were to study 1) the level of work performance factors of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province 2) the level of success in work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province. 3) the competency factors that affected the success in the work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province and 4) the suggestions on competencies that affected the success in the work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province.

The sample group used in the research were 101 persons calculated by using Yamane's formula which consisted of the political personnel and sub-district-level communities of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province.

Methodology: The statistics used in data analysis included of frequency, mean, standard deviation. Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear multiple regression analysis using the Stepwise method with statistical significance level at the .01

Results: The results of the research were as follows: 1) the level of work performance factors of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province as overall was rated at the highest level. ( = 4.67, S.D. = 0.22) 2) The level of success in the work of the Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province. as overall was rated at the highest level. ( = 4.66, S.D. = 0.25) 3) The 4 competency factors affected the success in the work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province with statistically significant at the α .01 level. There were the teamwork factor (X5), the factor of accumulation of professional expertise (X3), the factor of good service (X2), and the last variable that enters the best equation of the multiple regression analysis was the factor of adherence to righteousness and ethics. (X4). There is a correlation coefficient with success in the work of the Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province which could predict the change in success in the work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province as a whole at 68.30 percent (R2 = .683). with statistical significance at the α .01 level.

Conclusion: the level of work performance factors of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province as overall was rated at the highest level. There were the teamwork factor, the factor of accumulation of professional expertise , the factor of good service, and the last variable that enters the best equation of the multiple regression analysis was the factor of adherence to righteousness and ethics. There is a correlation coefficient with success in the work of the Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province which could predict the change in success in the work of Khlong Dan Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Bo District, Samut Prakan Province as a whole at 68.30 percent.

Factors of self development of personnel that affect the Efficiency of local government organizations in Khao Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province

ณัฐวุฒิ แก้วดวงตา — 2025-03-13

Background and Aims: An important thing that affects the success of an organization is the efficiency of human resources in the organization. he same is true for local government organizations in the Kao Liao District area. Nakhon Sawan Province where personnel in each organization must work According to the assigned duties as specified in the Act on Decentralization Plans and Procedures for Local Administrative Organizations, B.E. 2542 (1999). The personnel working in the organization need to develop themselves to be effective in performing their duties to achieve the organization's goals successfully. The research objectives were; 1) to study the level of self-development factors of personnel of local administrative organizations in Khao Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province 2) to study the Efficiency level of local government organizations in the district. Khao Liao, Nakhon Sawan Province and 3) to study the factors of self development of personnel that affect the Efficiency of local government organizations in Khao Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province.

Methodology: The research population includes personnel under the local government organization in Kao Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province The sample size was found to be 169 people by using the Taro Yamane formula. The research instrument used to collect data for this research was a questionnaire. Statistics used were included; the frequency, the percentage, the means, and the standard deviation. The data were analyzed through the Pearson’s correlation coefficient statistics, and multiple linear regression analysis using enter method with the statistical significance level of .05.

Results: The research results found that; 1) Level of self-development factors of personnel of local administrative organizations in Khao Liao District Nakhon Sawan Province was found at the highest level overall. 2) Efficiency level of local government organizations in Khao Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province was found at the highest level overall. and 3) Self-development factors of personnel that affect the Efficiency of local government organizations in Kho Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province had the highest relationship, namely the self-diagnosis factor with a value of .253, followed by the goal setting factor with a value of .221, the evaluation factor with a value of .187. The seeking friend factor is equal to .157, the learning factor is equal to .102, the inversely proportional factor of patience and effort is equal to -.028, and the finding appropriate resources factor is equal to .003 with a multiple correlation coefficient equal to .725 (R = .725). All independent variables can explain the variation of the dependent variable equal to 52.50 percent, with a value of R² = .525 and with a value of F = 25.435, which shows that the independent variables have a statistically significant relationship at the level of .05

Conclusion: Level of self-development factors of personnel of local administrative organizations in Khao Liao District Nakhon Sawan Province was found at the highest level overall. Self-development factors of personnel that affect the Efficiency of local government organizations in Kho Liao District. Nakhon Sawan Province had the highest relationship, namely the self-diagnosis factor, followed by the goal setting factor, the evaluation factor. The seeking friend factor, the learning factor is equal, the inversely proportional factor of patience and effort, and the finding appropriate resources factor.

Enhancing Geo-literacy through Geographic Inquiry Process : A Study of Mathayom 5 Students at Buddhakosat Wittaya School

วรพัฒน์ วงสา — 2025-03-20

Abstract

Background and Aims: Geographic literacy (GEO LITERACY) is a fundamental knowledge for 21st-century learners, enabling them to seek knowledge and answer questions about the relationships of various elements on the Earth's surface. Developing students' ability to live as responsible global citizens is crucial, and it is essential to raise their awareness of geographic knowledge. This research aims 1) to Develop and assess the quality of a lesson plan designed to enhance Geo-Literacy among Mathayom 5 students at Buddhakosat Wittaya School, Phrae Province, through the Geographic Inquiry Process. 2) Compare the Geo-Literacy levels of Mathayom 5 students before and after learning through the Geographic Inquiry Process. 3) Examine the students' satisfaction with learning through the Geographic Inquiry Process.

Methodology: The sample group consisted of 22 students from Mathayom 5/1 at Buddhakosat Wittaya School, Phrae Province, in the academic year 2024. The sample was selected through simple random sampling using a classroom-based lottery method. The research instruments included 1) Seven lesson plans employing the Geographic Inquiry Process, 2) A situational Geo-Literacy assessment comprising 30 items, and 3)A student satisfaction questionnaire regarding the development of Geo-Literacy through the Geographic Inquiry Process. The data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and the Wilcoxon-signed rank test.

Results: 1) Results of the creation and quality of learning management plans of Geo-Literacy through the Geographic Inquiry Process revealed that lesson plans 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were rated at the highest quality level, while lesson plans 1 and 2 were rated at a high-quality level. 2) A comparison of students' Geo-Literacy levels before and after learning through the Geographic Inquiry Process indicated a statistically significant improvement at the .05 level. and 3)Students' satisfaction with learning through the Geographic Inquiry Process was found to be at the highest level.

Conclusion: The lesson plan for developing geographic literacy (GEO LITERACY) by using geographic processes as a teaching method is an effective approach that can enhance students' abilities. It is also a learning management method that can generate a high level of satisfaction among learners.

Effects of Context-based Leaming Management on Learning Achievement on Imerse Yourself in the Context Unit and Mathematic Literacy of Grade 6 Students

Wararat Kodcharin — 2025-03-24

Background and Aims: Mathematics is a subject that is complex and challenging for students to learn. Context-based learning involves using real-life situations or contexts to help students connect knowledge with real-world scenarios. This approach enhances abilities in mathematics, particularly in critical thinking and problem-solving skills, which in turn improves academic achievement and the development of students' understanding of mathematics. This research aimed to 1) compare learning achievement before and after using context-based learning and their learning achievement with the 70 percent criterion, 2) compare mathematical literacy before and after learning, and 3) study the context-based learning environment.

Methodology: This study was a pre-experimental design using only one group (one group pretest-posttest design). The sample group for this research was 26 students of grade 6, selected by cluster random sampling. The research instruments included lesson plans, an achievement test, the mathematical literacy test, and the context-based learning environment observation form. The data were statistically analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and content analysis.

Results: The research findings indicate that context-based learning significantly impacts the development of academic achievement and mathematical literacy. Context-based learning can help to connect the learning process to real-life experiences and it can effectively achieve the set objectives.

Conclusion: The research findings showed that: The design of learning based on real-life situations enables students to gain a deeper understanding and effectively connect mathematical knowledge with practical application. It can be observed that students participate in activities that reflect real-life experiences they are familiar with and find meaningful, making the classroom feel like an extension of life outside the classroom.

Local Administration on Public Health Technology of Nonthaburi Tambon Health Promoting Hospital in Nonthaburi Province

Kesaree Pongsung — 2025-03-27

Background and Aims: Health Information Technology Management in hospitals enhances patient care by ensuring accurate, secure, and accessible medical records. It streamlines workflows, reduces errors, and improves communication among healthcare providers, leading to better decision-making and patient outcomes. This study aimed to (1) study the health information technology management of sub-district health promoting hospitals (SHPs) in Nonthaburi Province, (2) study the health information system of sub-district health promoting hospitals (SHPs) in Nonthaburi Province, and (3) serve as a guideline for developing the health information system management of sub-district health promoting hospitals (SHPs) in Nonthaburi Province.

Methodology: This study used a mixed methods research by collecting data from 30 sub-district health promoting hospitals (Sor Por Sor) in Nonthaburi Province, consisting of quantitative research through a questionnaire with a sample of 400 service users from the Sor Por Sor with the largest number of patients to assess opinions on the use of health information technology, and qualitative research using a document study, such as the eHealth strategy of the Ministry of Public Health, and in-depth interviews with 25 executives and related officials. The research instruments consisted of a quantitative questionnaire and a semi-structured interview form for collecting in-depth data. The data collection process used to distribute questionnaires to service users through the Sor Por Sor and to schedule interviews through various channels. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage, and mean for quantitative data, and content analysis for qualitative data to present the research results in a descriptive manner consistent with the study objectives.

Results: The findings revealed moderate performance across several domains, including IT structure and planning (3.43), technology (3.43), personnel (3.27), processes (3.39), control (3.37), and evaluation (3.43), with information quality rated slightly higher (3.55). The qualitative phase involved in-depth interviews with 25 administrators and personnel. It was found that the JHCIS system and Smart OSM application facilitate health data management and patient monitoring. However, challenges include limited personnel, system complexity, and unstable internet connectivity. Additional issues identified were a lack of skilled personnel, inadequate funding, and unclear management practices. The transition from JHCIS to Hosp U further exacerbated issues related to data transfer and insufficient training, compounded by ambiguous policies. To address these challenges, clear policy directives, personnel development, and sufficient resource allocation are essential. The study also recommends adopting the e-Claim system as a potential solution to streamline data management processes and enhance transparency in public health administration.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the moderate performance of health IT management, with strengths in information quality but challenges in personnel, system complexity, and resource limitations. Addressing these issues through clear policies, personnel development, and improved infrastructure is crucial for optimizing health data management and enhancing public health administration.

Service Innovation and Marketing Innovation That Influence the Decision to Use Fitness Center Services in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province

Lagkhano Yodclaew — 2025-04-01

Background and Aims: This research aims to examine the influence of service innovation and marketing innovation on the decision to use fitness center services in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province.

Methodology: The study sample consisted of 384 participants, selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. A questionnaire was employed as the research instrument, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to analyze causal relationships and identify the paths of causal influence.

Results: Service innovation and marketing innovation influence the decision to use fitness center services in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province. The model demonstrates consistency with empirical data, as evidenced by the following fit indices: Chi-square = 118.625, df = 94, p = 0.901, CMIN/DF = 0.968, GFI = 0.957, AGFI = 0.949, CFI = 0.992, RMSEA = 0.014, and SRMR = 0.023. Additionally, the predictive coefficient is 0.81.

Conclusion: The hypothesis testing results revealed that both service innovation and marketing innovation have a direct, positive influence on the decision to use fitness center services in Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province. Among these, service innovation exerted the strongest direct influence. These research findings provide valuable insights for developing strategic plans to enhance key factors that affect customers' decisions to use fitness center services.

Inequality of old-age pension in the social security system of self-employed insured persons

Chartchawan Leerodanawutikun — 2025-03-20

Background and Aims: Social security is a type of welfare provided by the state to receive various benefits for people of working age, whether it is in terms of medical treatment, childbirth, child support, unemployment, disability, old age or death. However, a very controversial issue is the issue of gratuity, old-age pension, where most insured people have the hope of getting a certain amount of savings to use in retirement. When the needs are greater, but the equality of the status of individuals is not the same. The purpose of this article is to study the social security fund of voluntary insured persons under Section 40 who are self-employed but do not receive the same comprehensive benefits in case of old age as those insured under Sections 33 and 39.

The objectives of this study are (1) to provide guidelines for improving the system regarding old-age pension for this group of insured persons to receive compensation benefits in case of old age equivalent to other types of insureds; (2) To provide the social security system under Section 40 to the insured to receive an old-age pension to help the insured to use when they are no longer able to work, (3) to help the insured know another indirect way to save money, and (4) to create a guideline for extending the retirement age of the insured to extend the life of the social security system in order to support the State to organize. Welfare of insured persons who are self-employed appropriately.

Methodology: The population and sample group are insured persons who are not employees or insured persons under Section 40, self-employed, business owners, entrepreneurs, and informal workers aged 15 to 65 years old but have notified their intention to become insured.

Research Tools : Study the details of the contents of the insurer's compensation benefits from books, documents, journals, websites, etc. In terms of various welfare of the self-employed group.

Information : By collecting the benefits of informal workers in data analysis and applying the data analysis approach with descriptive statistics. Based on information from human rights issues related to social welfare.

Results: Each group of insured persons receives different benefits according to the amount of money sent to the social security system, with groups 2 and 3 receiving a full refund of gratuity with returns (interest) when the insured reaches the age of 60 and announces the termination of the insured or resigns, but the insured in group 1 will receive any gratuity. After the end of the insured status, it shows the disparity of the self-employed group who send money to the social security system with a slight difference

Conclusion: The social security system should provide that the insured under Section 40 Group 1 should also receive compensation or old-age pension in the same way as the insured groups 2 and 3 at the rate of 50% of the amount of contributions paid in order to increase the amount of money to the social security system and to be able to save more in a small amount. As a result, the insured has a lump sum for themselves in the future.

Collaborative Governance: Concept and Application in Public Management

Sirem-on Yongpanich — 2025-03-24

Background and Aims: Collaborative governance concept is a new form of relationship management between public sector and societal sector, who were affected and involved in decision making process. This article aims to study (1) the background of the collaborative governance concept (2) the difference between the collaborative governance concept and other concept of collaboration and (3) the application of the collaborative governance concept in Thailand

Methodology: This article is academic research, based on document analysis of collaborative governance concept. The collected information is analyzed according to defined objectives to provide insights into the significance of the collaborative governance concept and its implication for public management in Thailand.

Results: The results of this article found (1) the collaborative governance concept enhances collaboration between public sector and societal sector by fostering openness in thinking and decision making to address issues that impact society (2) collaborative governance concept study the shared benefits among all parties, ensuring stakeholders participate equally in public issues and work toward building common consensus. And (3) Office of the Public Sector Development Commission applied collaborative governance as a mechanism to develop a government system through setting issues of collaborative governance in government administration development strategy and fostering collaboration, engaging citizens as active participants in decision making process.

Conclusion: Collaborative governance is a flexible and open concept, where the public sector facilitates collaboration and fosters citizen’s awareness of partnership in addressing important public issues. This aims to reduce conflict and share mutual benefits.