Synthesis and Development of Interactive Simulation-Based Learning Activities on Gas Laws

Abstract

Background and Aims: The topic of gas properties is highly abstract and complex, so students often find it difficult to understand and may develop misconceptions about the relationships among pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of particles; therefore, active learning activities and interactive simulations such as PhET should be used to help students visualize phenomena, manipulate variables, construct conceptual understanding, and improve learning achievement. The objectives of this research were to: 1) synthesize a conceptual framework for interactive simulation-based learning on Gas Properties; 2) develop learning activity models; and 3) investigate the effects of implementing these models to enhance students' learning achievement.

Methodology: This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, using the Active Learning approach integrated with Interactive Simulations as the research framework. The target group consisted of 31 science education students at the Faculty of Education, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included: 1) the developed learning activity model, 2) activity sheets, 3) a learning achievement test, and 4) a student satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analyzed using basic statistics, including percentage, mean (M), and standard deviation (S.D.).

Results: The research results were 1) The synthesized conceptual framework, based on the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model, was assessed as highly appropriate by experts 2) The developed learning activity model consisted of six stages: Preparation, Software Tutorial, Simulation Exploration, Variable Correlation Testing, Summary and Discussion, and Post-Learning Assessment 3) The implementation of the model showed that students' post-learning achievement scores were significantly higher than their pre-learning scores. Furthermore, students expressed high levels of satisfaction with the learning management, particularly regarding the benefits gained and the learning media utilized.

Conclusion: The key contribution of this research is the 6-Stage Interactive Simulation (PhET) Learning Model, an innovative and effective approach for enhancing learning achievement, scientific process skills, and positive attitudes toward chemistry for learners in the Digital 5.0 era.