Development of Learning Achievement in Spelling and Meaning Thai Language Learning Groups Through Cooperative Learning Employing the STAD Technique and Skill Training Sets for 4th Grade Students.

Abstract

Background and Aims: The development of learning achievement in spelling and vocabulary meaning is a fundamental aspect of language skills. Cooperative learning using the Student Teams–Achievement Divisions (STAD) technique, combined with skill exercises, can enhance students’ learning effectiveness and active participation. Therefore, this study aimed to: (1) examine the effectiveness of the learning management approach for Grade 4 students based on the 80/80 efficiency criterion; (2) compare students’ learning achievement before and after instruction; and (3) investigate students’ satisfaction with the learning management approach.

Methodology: This study employed a one-group pretest–posttest experimental research design. The sample consisted of 20 Grade 4 students enrolled in the 2025 academic year, selected through cluster random sampling. Four research instruments were used: (1) 12 learning management plans on the development of spelling and vocabulary meaning abilities through cooperative learning using the STAD technique combined with skill exercises, totaling 12 hours; (2) four sets of skill exercises; (3) a 20-item multiple-choice achievement test with four answer choices for each item; and (4) a 15-item student satisfaction questionnaire regarding the learning management approach. The data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and the dependent samples t-test (paired-samples t-test).

Results: 1) The efficiency of the learning management for Grade 4 students was 89.75/92, which was higher than the established criterion. 2) The students’ learning achievement after the instruction was higher than before the instruction at a statistically significant level of .05. And 3) Overall, students’ satisfaction with the learning management was at the highest level (X̅ = 4.89).

Conclusion: Cooperative learning using the STAD technique combined with skill exercises effectively enhances students’ ability in spelling and word meaning, leading to improved learning achievement and a very high level of satisfaction with the learning management.