ปัจจัยที่มีบทบาทสำคัญที่ทำให้เกิดความเชื่อมแน่นทางสังคม
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มิ.ย. 23, 2020
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ความเชื่อมแน่นทางสังคม พหุวัฒนธรรม ความแตกต่างทางชาติพันธุ์ ความเชื่อมแน่นในชุมชน
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บทคัดย่อ
แนวคิดความเชื่อมแน่นทางสังคมมีคุณูปการต่อสังคมในแง่ที่ก่อให้เกิดความเป็นปึกแผ่นทางสังคมซึ่งเป็นความต้องการขั้นพื้นฐานของมนุษย์ทุกคนและเป็นความจำเป็นที่รัฐจะต้องสร้างขึ้นเพื่อความมั่นคงของชาติ พัฒนาการที่ยาวนานและความสนใจที่เพิ่มขึ้นทำให้แนวคิดนี้ถูกห่อหุ้มด้วยคตินิยมและจุดเน้นของผู้ศึกษาในศาสตร์สาขาต่าง ๆ บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอนิยาม ความหมาย ตัวแปรสำคัญที่มีผลต่อการสร้างความเชื่อมแน่นทางสังคม และเพื่อถกเถียงถึงข้อจำกัด ความท้าทายของความเป็นพหุวัฒนธรรมในสังคม และเพื่อเสนอแนวคิดความเชื่อมแน่นในชุมชนซึ่งเป็นการแก้ปัญหาความซับซ้อนของแนวคิด โดยการวิเคราะห์ สังเคราะห์แนวคิด ทฤษฎีและงานวิจัยที่เกี่ยวข้อง ผลการศึกษาพบว่า แรงจูงใจในการเป็นสมาชิก การรับรู้ความเชื่อมแน่นการมีส่วนร่วม ค่านิยมของชุมชนที่ยึดถือร่วมกัน ทุนทางสังคม และบทบาทของสถาบัน ล้วนส่งผลต่อการสร้างความเชื่อมแน่นทางสังคมของคนในสังคมทั้งสิ้น
Article Details
ประเภทบทความ
บทความวิชาการ
ต้นฉบับที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์ในวารสารคณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยแม่โจ้ ถือเป็นกรรมสิทธิ์ของมหาวิทยาลัยแม่โจ้ ห้ามนำข้อความทั้งหมดหรือบางส่วนไปพิมพ์ซ้ำ เว้นเสียแต่จะได้รับอนุญาตจากมหาวิทยาลัยฯ เป็นลายลักษณ์อักษร
เอกสารอ้างอิง
คณพศ สิทธิเลิศ. (2558). โครงสร้างหลวมของสังคมไทยในบริบทคุณลักษณะของคนอาเซียน. วารสารวิชาการวิทยาลัยสัoตพล. 1(1), 64-73. สืบค้น 17 พฤษภาคม 2563, จาก https://so05.tcithaijo.org/index.php/scaj/article/view/208281/144423.
ศิริจิต สุนันต๊ะ. (2556). สถานการณ์โต้แย้งเรื่องพหุวัฒนธรรมในประเทศไทย (Learning from the west? The state of the multicultural debate in Thailand). วารสารภาษาและวัฒนธรรม. 32(1), 5-30. สืบค้น 16 พฤษภาคม 2563, จากhttps://www.academia.edu/4952687/Learning_from_the_West_The_state_of_the_multicultural_debate_in_Thailand.
อคิน รพีพัฒน์, ม.ร.ว. (2548). การแสดงปาฐกถาพิเศษ ป๋วย อึ้งภากรณ์ ครั้งที่ 9. กรุงเทพฯ: สามลดา.
Baeker, G. (2002). Sharpening lens: Recent research on cultural policy, cultural diversity, and social cohesion. Canadian journal of communication. 27(2), 179-196. Retrieved December 20, 2019, from https://www.cjc-online.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/1293.
Ball, K., Cleland, V.J., Timperio, A.F., Salmon, J., Giles-Corti, B., & Crawfor, D.A. (2010). Love Thy Neighbour? Associations of Social Capital and Crime with Physical Activity Amongst Women. Social Science & Medicine. 71(4), 807–814. Retrieved December 21, 2019, from https: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953610004107?via%3Dihub.
Berger-Schmitt, R. (2000). Social Cohesion as an Aspect of the Qualities of Societies: Concept and measurement. EU Reporting Working Paper No.14. Retrieved November 28, 2019, from https://www.gesis.org/fileadmin/upload/dienstleistung/daten/soz_indikatoren/eusi/paper
14.pdf.
Bollen, K.A., & Hoyle, R.H. (1990). Perceived Cohesion: A Conceptual and Empirical Examination. Social Forces. 69(2), 479–504. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https://www.jstor.org/
stable/2579670.
Breidahl, N. K., Hotug, N., & KongshØj, K. (2018). Do shared values promote social cohesion? If so, which? Evidence from Denmark. European Political Science Review. 10(1), 97-118. Retrieved December 22, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314097748.
Bruhn, J.G. (2009). The Concept of Social Cohesion. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https:// link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4419-0364-8_2
Burns, J., Hull, G., Lefko-Everett K., & Njozela, L. (2018). Defining social cohesion. Retrieved November 22, 2019, from http://www.opensaldru.uct.ac.za/handle/11090/903.
Cantle, T, (2001). Community Cohesion: A Report of the Independent Review Team. Home Office Building A Safe, Just and Tolerant Society. Retrieved December 19, 2019, from https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/14146/1/communitycohesionreport.pdf
Carron, A.V. (1982). Cohesiveness in Sport Groups: Interpretations and Considerations. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 4(2), 123-138. Retrieved December 22, 2019, from https://
doi.org/10.1123/jsp.4.2.123.
Chan, J., To, H.-P., & Chan, E. (2006). Reconsidering Social Cohesion: Developing a Definition and Analytical Framework for Empirical Research. Social Indicators Research. 75, 273–302. Retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11205-005-2118-1
Chin, W.W., Salisbury, D.Wm., Pearson, W.A., & Stollak J. M. (1999). Perceived Cohesion in Small Groups. Small Group Research. 30(6), 751-766. Retrieved December 16, 2019, from https://
www.researchgate.net/publication/247720548_Perceived_Cohesion_in_Small_Groups.
Cloete, A. (2014). Social cohesion and social capital: Possible implications for the common good. Verbum et Ecclesia. 35(3), 1-6. Retrieved December 19, 2019, from http://dx.doi.org/10.
4102/ve.v35i3.1331.
Commission on Integration and Cohesion. (2007). Our Shared Future. Retrieved December 14, 2019, from https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/?action=media.download&uuid=2A5A414A-0AE7-7911-1D005278676044FC
Council of Europe. (2004). A new strategy for Social Cohesion. Retrieved December 13, 2019, from https://www.coe.int/t/dg3/socialpolicies/socialcohesiondev/source/RevisedStrategy_en.pdf.
Decoster, S., Camps, J., Stouten, J., Vandevyvere, L., & Tripp, M. T. (2013). Standing by Your Organization: The Impact of Organizational Identification and Abusive Supervision on Followers’ Perceived Cohesion and Tendency to Gossip. Journal of Business Ethics. 118(3), 623–634. Retrieved December 16, 2019, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.
1007/s10551-012-1612-z.
Dekker, K. & Kempen, V.R., (2009). Participation, Social Cohesion and the Challenges in the Governance Process: An Analysis of a Post-World War II Neighbourhood in the Netherlands. European Planning Studies. 17(1), 109-129. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https://
www.researchgate.net/publication/47339761_Participation_Social_Cohesion_and_the_Challenges_in_the_Governance_Process_An_Analysis_of_a_Post-World_War_II_Neighbourhood_in
_the_Netherlands.
Doyle, A. M. (2005). The Influence of Motivation and Cohesion on Future Participation in Physical Activity (Master of Arts Thesis, Mc Gill University, Montreal: Canada). Retrieved December 14, 2019, from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/webclient/StreamGate?folder_id= 0&dvs=1576325552182~273.
Eizaguirre, S., Pradel, M., Terrones, A., Martinez-Celorrio, X., & García, M. (2012). Multilevel Governance and Social Cohesion Bringing Back Conflict in Citizenship Practices. Urban Studies. 49(4), 1999-2016. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/ Xavier_MartinezCelorrio/publication/239810160_Multilevel_Governance_and_Social_Cohesion_Bringing_Back_Conflict_in_Citizenship_Practices/links/5429465c0cf238c6ea7d1fae.pdf.
Fonseca, X., Lukosch, S., & Brazier, F. (2019) Social Cohesion revisited: a new definition and how to characterize it. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research. 32(2), 231-253. Retrieved December 21, 2019, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/ 13511610.2018.1497480.
Forrest, R., & Kearns, A. (2001). Social Cohesion, Social Capital and the Neighbourhood. Urban Studies. 38(12), 2125–2143. Retrieved December 20, 2019, from https://journals.sagepub.com/ doi/10.1080/00420980120087081.
Friedkin, N. E. (2004). Social cohesion. Annual Review of Sociology. 30(1), 409-425. Retrieved August 10, 2019, from https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110625.
Green, A., Janmaat, J., & Han, C. (2009). Regimes of Social Cohesion. Retrieved May 14, 2020, from https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10003014/1/Green2009Regimes(Report).pdf.
Jeannott, S. M. (2003). Social Cohesion: Insights from Canadian research. Retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/M_Jeannotte/publication/228981786_
Social_cohesion_Insights_from_Canadian_research/links/00b7d527a982c200ba000000.pdf.
Jenson, J. (1998). Mapping Social Cohesion: The state of Canadian Research. Retrieved December 12, 2019, from http://www.cccg.umontreal.ca/pdf/CPRN/CPRN_F03.pdf.
Kearns, A. & Forrest, R. (2000). Social Cohesion and Multilevel Urban Governance. Urban Studies. 37(5–6), 995–1017. Retrieved December 24, 2019, from http://usj.sagepub.com/.
Kolsto, E. & Tyldum, G. (2006). Common Values and Social Cohesion in Ethnically Divided Societies. Ethnicity Studies. 2006(1) ,121-146. Retrieved December 24, 2019, from http://www.ces.lt/
wp-content/uploads/2012/03/EtSt_Kolsto_Tyldum_2006.pdf.
Legun, K., (2008). From participation to social cohesion: an analysis of variation in the development of social capital in coastal British Columbia. (Master of Arts Thesis, University of British Columbia, Canada). Retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://www.
researchgate.net/publication/268295929.
Lewicki, R. & Brinsfield, C.T. (2009). Social Capital: Reaching Out, Reaching In. USA: Edward Elgar.
Markus, A., & Kirpitchenko, L. (2007). Conceptualising social cohesion. In J. Jupp, J. Nieuwenhuysen, & E. Dawson (Eds.), Social Cohesion in Australia. 21-32. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved December 12, 2019, from doi:10.1017/CBO9780511481574.004
Maxwell, J. (1996). Social Dimensions of Economic Growth. Retrieved December 15, 2019, from http://
citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.491.241&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Mekoa, I. & Busari, D. (2018). Social Cohesion: Its Meaning and Complexities. Journal of Social Sciences. 14(1), 107-115. Retrieved August 10, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/
publication/325847972_Social_Cohesion_Its_Meaning_and_Complexities.
Norton, A. & Haan, A. (2013). Social Cohesion: Theoretical Debates and Practical Applications with Respect to Jobs. Background Paper for the World Development Report 2013. World Bank, Washington, DC. Retrieved December 15, 2019, from https://openknowledge.world bank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/12147/WDR2013_bp_Social_Cohesion_Norton.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
Schiefer, D., & Van der Noll, J. (2017). The Essentials of Social Cohesion: A Literature Review. Social Indicators Research. 132, 579-603. Retrieved November 23, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.10 07/s11205-016-1314-5.
Sloane, L. (2016). The Joint Venture: Social Capital, Social Cohesion and The Process of Integration in The Dutch Participation Society. A case-study from the Netherlands (Master of Arts Thesis, Utrecht University, Netherlands). Retrieved December 19, 2019, from https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/344567.
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2011). Perspectives on Global Development 2012, Perspectives on Global Development. Retrieved December 14, 2019, from https://www.oecd.org/site/devpgd2012/49067954.pdf.
ศิริจิต สุนันต๊ะ. (2556). สถานการณ์โต้แย้งเรื่องพหุวัฒนธรรมในประเทศไทย (Learning from the west? The state of the multicultural debate in Thailand). วารสารภาษาและวัฒนธรรม. 32(1), 5-30. สืบค้น 16 พฤษภาคม 2563, จากhttps://www.academia.edu/4952687/Learning_from_the_West_The_state_of_the_multicultural_debate_in_Thailand.
อคิน รพีพัฒน์, ม.ร.ว. (2548). การแสดงปาฐกถาพิเศษ ป๋วย อึ้งภากรณ์ ครั้งที่ 9. กรุงเทพฯ: สามลดา.
Baeker, G. (2002). Sharpening lens: Recent research on cultural policy, cultural diversity, and social cohesion. Canadian journal of communication. 27(2), 179-196. Retrieved December 20, 2019, from https://www.cjc-online.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/1293.
Ball, K., Cleland, V.J., Timperio, A.F., Salmon, J., Giles-Corti, B., & Crawfor, D.A. (2010). Love Thy Neighbour? Associations of Social Capital and Crime with Physical Activity Amongst Women. Social Science & Medicine. 71(4), 807–814. Retrieved December 21, 2019, from https: //www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953610004107?via%3Dihub.
Berger-Schmitt, R. (2000). Social Cohesion as an Aspect of the Qualities of Societies: Concept and measurement. EU Reporting Working Paper No.14. Retrieved November 28, 2019, from https://www.gesis.org/fileadmin/upload/dienstleistung/daten/soz_indikatoren/eusi/paper
14.pdf.
Bollen, K.A., & Hoyle, R.H. (1990). Perceived Cohesion: A Conceptual and Empirical Examination. Social Forces. 69(2), 479–504. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https://www.jstor.org/
stable/2579670.
Breidahl, N. K., Hotug, N., & KongshØj, K. (2018). Do shared values promote social cohesion? If so, which? Evidence from Denmark. European Political Science Review. 10(1), 97-118. Retrieved December 22, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314097748.
Bruhn, J.G. (2009). The Concept of Social Cohesion. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https:// link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4419-0364-8_2
Burns, J., Hull, G., Lefko-Everett K., & Njozela, L. (2018). Defining social cohesion. Retrieved November 22, 2019, from http://www.opensaldru.uct.ac.za/handle/11090/903.
Cantle, T, (2001). Community Cohesion: A Report of the Independent Review Team. Home Office Building A Safe, Just and Tolerant Society. Retrieved December 19, 2019, from https://dera.ioe.ac.uk/14146/1/communitycohesionreport.pdf
Carron, A.V. (1982). Cohesiveness in Sport Groups: Interpretations and Considerations. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 4(2), 123-138. Retrieved December 22, 2019, from https://
doi.org/10.1123/jsp.4.2.123.
Chan, J., To, H.-P., & Chan, E. (2006). Reconsidering Social Cohesion: Developing a Definition and Analytical Framework for Empirical Research. Social Indicators Research. 75, 273–302. Retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11205-005-2118-1
Chin, W.W., Salisbury, D.Wm., Pearson, W.A., & Stollak J. M. (1999). Perceived Cohesion in Small Groups. Small Group Research. 30(6), 751-766. Retrieved December 16, 2019, from https://
www.researchgate.net/publication/247720548_Perceived_Cohesion_in_Small_Groups.
Cloete, A. (2014). Social cohesion and social capital: Possible implications for the common good. Verbum et Ecclesia. 35(3), 1-6. Retrieved December 19, 2019, from http://dx.doi.org/10.
4102/ve.v35i3.1331.
Commission on Integration and Cohesion. (2007). Our Shared Future. Retrieved December 14, 2019, from https://ec.europa.eu/migrant-integration/?action=media.download&uuid=2A5A414A-0AE7-7911-1D005278676044FC
Council of Europe. (2004). A new strategy for Social Cohesion. Retrieved December 13, 2019, from https://www.coe.int/t/dg3/socialpolicies/socialcohesiondev/source/RevisedStrategy_en.pdf.
Decoster, S., Camps, J., Stouten, J., Vandevyvere, L., & Tripp, M. T. (2013). Standing by Your Organization: The Impact of Organizational Identification and Abusive Supervision on Followers’ Perceived Cohesion and Tendency to Gossip. Journal of Business Ethics. 118(3), 623–634. Retrieved December 16, 2019, from https://link.springer.com/article/10.
1007/s10551-012-1612-z.
Dekker, K. & Kempen, V.R., (2009). Participation, Social Cohesion and the Challenges in the Governance Process: An Analysis of a Post-World War II Neighbourhood in the Netherlands. European Planning Studies. 17(1), 109-129. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https://
www.researchgate.net/publication/47339761_Participation_Social_Cohesion_and_the_Challenges_in_the_Governance_Process_An_Analysis_of_a_Post-World_War_II_Neighbourhood_in
_the_Netherlands.
Doyle, A. M. (2005). The Influence of Motivation and Cohesion on Future Participation in Physical Activity (Master of Arts Thesis, Mc Gill University, Montreal: Canada). Retrieved December 14, 2019, from http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/webclient/StreamGate?folder_id= 0&dvs=1576325552182~273.
Eizaguirre, S., Pradel, M., Terrones, A., Martinez-Celorrio, X., & García, M. (2012). Multilevel Governance and Social Cohesion Bringing Back Conflict in Citizenship Practices. Urban Studies. 49(4), 1999-2016. Retrieved December 17, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/ Xavier_MartinezCelorrio/publication/239810160_Multilevel_Governance_and_Social_Cohesion_Bringing_Back_Conflict_in_Citizenship_Practices/links/5429465c0cf238c6ea7d1fae.pdf.
Fonseca, X., Lukosch, S., & Brazier, F. (2019) Social Cohesion revisited: a new definition and how to characterize it. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research. 32(2), 231-253. Retrieved December 21, 2019, from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/ 13511610.2018.1497480.
Forrest, R., & Kearns, A. (2001). Social Cohesion, Social Capital and the Neighbourhood. Urban Studies. 38(12), 2125–2143. Retrieved December 20, 2019, from https://journals.sagepub.com/ doi/10.1080/00420980120087081.
Friedkin, N. E. (2004). Social cohesion. Annual Review of Sociology. 30(1), 409-425. Retrieved August 10, 2019, from https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110625.
Green, A., Janmaat, J., & Han, C. (2009). Regimes of Social Cohesion. Retrieved May 14, 2020, from https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10003014/1/Green2009Regimes(Report).pdf.
Jeannott, S. M. (2003). Social Cohesion: Insights from Canadian research. Retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/M_Jeannotte/publication/228981786_
Social_cohesion_Insights_from_Canadian_research/links/00b7d527a982c200ba000000.pdf.
Jenson, J. (1998). Mapping Social Cohesion: The state of Canadian Research. Retrieved December 12, 2019, from http://www.cccg.umontreal.ca/pdf/CPRN/CPRN_F03.pdf.
Kearns, A. & Forrest, R. (2000). Social Cohesion and Multilevel Urban Governance. Urban Studies. 37(5–6), 995–1017. Retrieved December 24, 2019, from http://usj.sagepub.com/.
Kolsto, E. & Tyldum, G. (2006). Common Values and Social Cohesion in Ethnically Divided Societies. Ethnicity Studies. 2006(1) ,121-146. Retrieved December 24, 2019, from http://www.ces.lt/
wp-content/uploads/2012/03/EtSt_Kolsto_Tyldum_2006.pdf.
Legun, K., (2008). From participation to social cohesion: an analysis of variation in the development of social capital in coastal British Columbia. (Master of Arts Thesis, University of British Columbia, Canada). Retrieved December 18, 2019, from https://www.
researchgate.net/publication/268295929.
Lewicki, R. & Brinsfield, C.T. (2009). Social Capital: Reaching Out, Reaching In. USA: Edward Elgar.
Markus, A., & Kirpitchenko, L. (2007). Conceptualising social cohesion. In J. Jupp, J. Nieuwenhuysen, & E. Dawson (Eds.), Social Cohesion in Australia. 21-32. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved December 12, 2019, from doi:10.1017/CBO9780511481574.004
Maxwell, J. (1996). Social Dimensions of Economic Growth. Retrieved December 15, 2019, from http://
citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.491.241&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Mekoa, I. & Busari, D. (2018). Social Cohesion: Its Meaning and Complexities. Journal of Social Sciences. 14(1), 107-115. Retrieved August 10, 2019, from https://www.researchgate.net/
publication/325847972_Social_Cohesion_Its_Meaning_and_Complexities.
Norton, A. & Haan, A. (2013). Social Cohesion: Theoretical Debates and Practical Applications with Respect to Jobs. Background Paper for the World Development Report 2013. World Bank, Washington, DC. Retrieved December 15, 2019, from https://openknowledge.world bank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/12147/WDR2013_bp_Social_Cohesion_Norton.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
Schiefer, D., & Van der Noll, J. (2017). The Essentials of Social Cohesion: A Literature Review. Social Indicators Research. 132, 579-603. Retrieved November 23, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.10 07/s11205-016-1314-5.
Sloane, L. (2016). The Joint Venture: Social Capital, Social Cohesion and The Process of Integration in The Dutch Participation Society. A case-study from the Netherlands (Master of Arts Thesis, Utrecht University, Netherlands). Retrieved December 19, 2019, from https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/344567.
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2011). Perspectives on Global Development 2012, Perspectives on Global Development. Retrieved December 14, 2019, from https://www.oecd.org/site/devpgd2012/49067954.pdf.
