Personal Characteristics, Motivational Factors, and Transformational Leadership Characteristics Influencing Work Performance Efficiency of Restaurant Employees in Bangkok

Abstract

This research has two key objectives. The first is to explore the connection between personal characteristics and employee efficiency within restaurants in Bangkok. The second objective is to study factors such as personal characteristics, motivation factors, and transformational leadership characteristics that affect the employee efficiency within restaurants in Bangkok. The theoretical framework of this paper analyses relevant literature in relation to personal characteristics, motivation factors, transformational leadership characteristics and employee efficiency. The population of the research included 400 restaurant employees in the province of Bangkok and the research instrument was an online questionnaire. As for the data analysis process, both descriptive statistics (which measured the frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) as well as inferential statistics (t-test, F-test, and LSD test and multiple regression analysis based on measuring the P-Value significance of 0.05) were used. The research results found that variability of personal factors such as gender, age, educational level, monthly income do not significantly impact employee efficiency. In addition, the results of the hypothesis testing found that the motivation factors that cause satisfaction are ‘job success’, ‘being respected or accepted’, as well as ‘career growth and advancement’. On the other hand, the hygiene factors which cause dissatisfaction were documented as ‘policy and operations’, ‘interaction with co-workers’, ‘interaction with leaders’, and ‘transformational leadership characteristics’ (in terms of having appropriate influence and individual consideration, which affects the employee efficiency within restaurants in Bangkok). This research provides actionable insights for policymaking within Bangkok's restaurant industry, emphasizing the importance of aligning employee development strategies with individual needs and motivational factors. These findings can inform macro and micro-level policies to enhance organizational effectiveness and competitiveness.