Responsive Social Welfare Provision for Vulnerable Groups in the Post-COVID-19 Era

Abstract

This research aimed to study and develop appropriate social welfare models for vulnerable groups in the post-COVID-19 era with three specific objectives: 1) to examine current social welfare models, 2) to develop models aligned with needs, and 3) to propose a responsive framework. Using mixed-methods research, data were collected from purposively selected samples of 16 welfare providers and 40 vulnerable service users from four local administrative organizations in Phutthamonthon District, Nakhon Pathom Province. Research instruments included semi-structured interviews and five-point rating scale questionnaires. The instruments were validated by experts, and the questionnaire achieved a reliability coefficient (Cronbach's Alpha) of 0.87. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data underwent content analysis. Findings revealed that: 1) current welfare models focus on basic services but show limitations in income generation, recreation, and education; 2) appropriate models should integrate agencies, enhance community participation, and apply technology in management; and 3) the proposed framework emphasizes holistic service delivery, covering vocational skills development, proactive healthcare, and community strengthening initiatives.