The Communication Model Based on Buddhist Peaceful Means for Nurses at Lerdsin Hospital

Abstract

This research aimed to study: 1) to explore the context, the communication problems of nurses at Lerdsin Hospital, and good communication principles; 2) to investigate Theravada Buddhist teachings on good communication for nurses with service users; and 3) to present the communication model based on Buddhist peaceful means for nurses at Lerdsin Hospital. The study employed a qualitative research method. The data were collected through document analysis, in-depth interviews with 29 key informants, and discussion in a focus group with 9 experts. Content analysis was used to analyze the data collected. 

From the study, the following results were found: 1) Both one-way and two-way communication are important tools for nurses in their job performance. In terms of the problems, they are as follows: the messengers use inappropriate verbal and nonverbal expressions, including a lack of problem analysis and systematic communication; the recipients lack listening skills; the content lacks clarity, there are no consistent guidelines for providing information, and the communication channels are insufficiently efficient, 2) In terms of good communication principles, messengers should communicate in an appropriate location, time, amount, and language. They should also be polite, empathic, smiley, communicate truthfully and usefully, and direct themselves with mindfulness. When they receive two-way communication, they should repeat it, listen carefully, and look for ways to help through content that is concise, accurate, positive, easy to understand, and relevant. A variety of timely communication channels, as well as the ability to attract and communicate appropriately with recipients, should be established. A working group should be formed to encourage positive communication, organize an effective communication system, and continuously improve communication, and 3) In terms of Theravada Buddhist teachings on good communication, it is found that “Subhāsitavācā” (well-spoken speech) which includes: kālen bhāsitā (spoken at the right time); kacca bhāsitā (spoken in truth); saṇhā bhāsitā (spoken affectionately); atathasañhitā bhāsitā bhasita (spoken beneficially); and mettacitatena bhāsitā (spoken with a mind of good-will). All of this leads to good communication. Based on the good communication principles for nurses at Lerdsin Hospital and the Buddhist teachings for good communication in Buddhism, the communication model by Buddhist peaceful means is synthesized called “SURANG Model” which includes: “S” stands for Smiling with good-will and empathy; “U” stands for Urgency in accessing the message; “R” stands for Responsibility for certifying that the message is accurate and appropriate to the recipients; “A” stands for Awareness in directing oneself and listening attentively; “N” stands for Notifying the recipients at the right time and location; and “G” stands for Giving healthy and positive information.