Digital Economy: Emergence and Development
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study the emergence and development of the digital economy. Since the early 1967s when the internet was invented, the information and communication technology had been developed far beyond and be used for economic and social development. Especially the economic sector that operates business in the form of electronic commerce (e-Commerce) generates income approximately 22.5%, or almost a quarter of the world's GDP, making all countries around the Globe aware of the importance of digital economy. The digital economy is not well performed only for the economy but it also gives good benefits in social aspects, such as an employment rate, no boundary, reduction of transportation expenses, preserving the environment and pollution problems or PM 2.5. Driving a successful digital economy also depends on high-quality digital infrastructure factors, centralized big data, cooperation in between public and private sectors, promoting education and developing personnel to be competent in technology, finally laws and regulations including cybercrime safety. Driving a concrete digital economy also depends on the policies and programs of each country, which is still a challenge, especially in the ASEAN region, where there are differences in context from country to country.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Views and opinions expressed in the articles published by The Journal of MCU Peace Studies, are of responsibility by such authors but not the editors and do not necessarily reflect those of the editors.
References
ASEAN Secretariat. (2018). ASEAN Investment Report 2018: Foreign Direct Investment and the Digital Economy in ASEAN. (Research Report). Jakarta: ASEAN Secretariat.
ASEAN Up. (2019). Southeast Asia Digital, Social and Mobile 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2022, from https://aseanup.com/southeast-asia-digital-social-mobile/
Bukht, R., & Heeks, R. (2017). Defining, Conceptualizing and Measuring the Digital Economy. (Research Report). Manchester: Centre for Development Informatics.
Bukht, R., & Heeks, R. (2018). Digital Economy Policy: The Case Example of Thailand. (Research Report). Manchester: Centre for Development Informatics.
Digital Government Development Agency. (2015). Digital Economy. Retrieved March 4, 2022, from https://www.dga.or.th/document-sharing/article/35851/#:~:text=Digital%20Economy%20หมาย ถึงเศรษฐกิจ,ลักษณะหนึ่ง%20Digital%20Economy
Economist Intelligence Unit. (2010). Digital Economy Rankings 2010: Beyond E-Readiness. (Research Report). New York: Economist Intelligence Unit.
European Commission. (2014). Commission Expert Group on Taxation of the Digital Economy. (Research Report). Brussels: European Commission.
House of Commons. (2016). The Digital Economy: Second Report of Session 2016–2017. (Research Report). London: House of Commons.
Klaus, S. (2018). The Fourth Industrial Revolution. (Mekphiboon, Translator). Bangkok: Amarin Printing and Publishing Public Company Limited.
Kodchasila, K. (2017). Digital Economy Acceleration. The National Defence College of Thailand Journal, 59(2), 62-70.
Lane, N. (1999). Advancing the Digital Economy into the 21st Century. Information Systems Frontiers, 1(3), 317 - 320.
Li, Z., Li, N., & Wen, H. (2021). Digital Economy and Environmental Quality: Evidence from 217 Cities in China. Sustainability 2021, 13(8058), 1-20.
Limsarun, T. (2015). The Sustainability of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in A Digital Economy Era. Journal of Business Administration, The Association of Private Higher Education Institutions of Thailand, 4(2), 113–124.
Meenu, G. (2018). Digital Economy and the Role of Information Technology. International Journal of Management and Information Technology, 3(2), 53-58.
Mesenbourg, T. L. (2001). Measuring the Digital Economy. Retrieved March 5, 2022, from https://www. census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2001/econ/umdigital.pdf
Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board. (2016). Digital Economy for Future of Thailand. Journal of Economy and Society, 53(2), 2-10.
Office of the National Digital Economy and Society Commission. (2020). IMD World Competitiveness Ranking 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2022, from https://www.onde.go.th/assets/portals//files/ผลการจัดอันดับความสามารถในการแข่งขัน_IMD_WCR_20.pdf
Office of the National Digital Economy and Society Commission. (2020). Digital GDP. (1st ed.). Bangkok: Retrieved March 5, 2022, from https://www.onde.go.th/assets/portals/1/files/Final_violet 17Mar2020.pdf
Secretariat of the House of Representatives. (2015). Digital Economy: Policy Driving to New Economy. (1st ed.). Bangkok: Academic Focus, Secretariat of the House of Representatives.
Siriboonyakarn, A., & Sumpong, S. (2019). Role of Ministry of Digital Economy and Society to Driving Strategic of Digital Economy and Society. Journal of MCU Social Science Review, 8(3), 255-269.
Tapscott, D. (1996). The Digital Economy: Promise and Peril in the Age of Networked Intelligence. (1st ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2015). Information Economy Report 2015: Unlocking the Potential of E-commerce in Developing Countries. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva. Retrieved March 5, 2022, from https://unctad.org/system/ files/official-document/ier2015_en.pdf
Zhenlong M. (2021). Digital Economy Value Chain: Concept, Model Structure, and Mechanism. Applied Economics, 53(37), 4342-4357.
Zoltan J. A. et al. (2021). The Evolution of the Global Digital Platform Economy: 1971–2021. Small Bus Econ (2021), 57, 1629–1659.
