Prevalence and Factors Affecting Uncontrolled Blood Pressure in Elderly Hypertensive Patients in Chiang Khong Hospital, Chiang Rai Province

Abstract

Objectives: To study prevalence and factors affecting uncontrolled blood pressure among elderly hypertensive patients in Chiang Khong Hospital, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 259 patients with hypertension in Chiang Khong Hospital, Chiang Rai Province. The sample criteria were patients aged ≥ 60 years and taking hypertension medication. The subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. The variables were collected by using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics of elderly patients, exposing risk factors. Statistical analysis involved the Chi-square, t-test, and multiple logistic regression analysis. The data was presented by adjusted Odds ratio and 95% CI.

Results: The prevalence in 259 elderly hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure were 42.86% (95% CI 36.75-49.13), female 64.09%, average age 68 yrs. (±6.40), BMI 23.88 kg/m2 (± 4.06). Factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients included chronic kidney disease (adjusted OR 3.13, 95% CI 0.99-9.92, p-value 0.05), patients who experience adverse drug reactions (adjusted OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.03-5.49, p-value 0.04) and multiple drugs used (adjusted OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.00-1.51, p-value 0.05). Dyslipidemia (adjusted OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.96, p-value 0.04).

Conclusions: Almost half of the elderly hypertensive patients had uncontrolled blood pressure. Factors affecting uncontrolled blood pressure in elderly patients were chronic kidney disease, adverse drug reactions, and multiple drug usage. Furthermore, dyslipidemia with statin use can reduce blood pressure. Therefore, providing education and counseling about adverse drug reactions and renal function testing should be performed routinely in elderly hypertensive patients with uncontrolled blood pressure.