Consumer Acceptance of Seasoned Boiled Fermented Fish Sauce Community Product for Commercial Use
Main Article Content
Abstract
Local communities possess diverse biodiversity. Promoting identity to generate economic value added through participatory processes is a key strategy for building a sustainable community economy. This research examined consumer acceptance of a seasoned boiled fermented fish sauce community product. Two groups of respondents were selected using purposive sampling: 10 expert panelists and 150 consumer-type panelists. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
The results revealed that only one product recipe met the overall preference acceptance criterion of 95 percent. The sensory acceptance test showed that most testers preferred the product’s taste the most, followed by smell, overall preference, color, viscosity, and appearance, respectively. The Just About Right Scales (JAR) indicated that all product attributes were rated as appropriate. Consumers reported purchasing the product primarily for its delicious taste to be used in Som Tam (Thai papaya salad). They were willing to pay 25–35 baht for 250 milliliters packaged in a plastic bottle, purchasing it once or twice per month, one bottle at a time, from grocery stores. Price, place, product, and promotion were ranked in descending order of importance among the marketing mix factors. The findings highlight an integrated and holistic approach to community entrepreneurship for enhancing local food product value through the utilization of identity and local wisdom. Policy implications suggest the potential of community-driven initiatives that should be supported by the public sector through resource provision, entrepreneurial training, and continuous market access facilitation.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Allen, K. (2020). The value of perception. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 100(3), 633-656. https://doi.org/10.1111/phpr.12574.
Anihouvi, V. B., Kindossi, J. M., & Hounhouigan, J. D. (2012). Processing and quality characteristics of some major fermented fish products from Africa: a critical review. International Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(7), 72-84.
Applebaum, W. (1951). Studying customer behavior in retail stores. Journal of marketing, 16(2), 172-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224295101600204.
Boonprakarn, K., Sangkapan, J., Chanthawong, A., Boonprakarn, T., Thipaksonrn, A., Thipaksoen, U., Suriyo, N., & Suriyo, N. (2022). Pla Ra, Pla Daek (Fermented Fish) the definition and reproduction of cultural identity through the food of Isan people in the southern border areas. Hatyai University, 13(1), 1181-1196.
Borden, N. H. (1964). The concept of the marketing mix. Journal of advertising research, 4(2), 2-7.
Burakorn, J. (2016, June 1). Knowledge Application of sensory quality assessment in development Food Products. http://lib3.dss.go.th/fulltext/dss_knowledge/bio_6_2559_Human_senses.pdf.
Cahaya, Y. F., Prasetyo, J. H., Winarti, C. E., Erasashanti, A. P., & Rachman, H. A. (2024). SMEs in Indonesia: How do market and entrepreneurial approaches shape dynamic capabilities and performance?. Edelweiss Applied Science and Technology, 8(3), 197-209. https://doi.org/ 10.55214/25768484.v8i3.923.
Chongsuebsuk, S., & Saelok, L. (2019). Production, quality and safety of Nam Pla-ra (Pla-ra Sauce). Fisheries Product Quality Inspection Division, Department of Fisheries.
Constantinides, E. (2002). The 4S web-marketing mix model. Electronic commerce research and applications, 1(1), 57-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1567-4223(02)00006-6.
Creativethailand. (2023, June, 16). Fermented Fish Sauce: The Delicious Taste of Thai Culture Goes Global. https://www.creativethailand.org/article-read?article_id=34023.
Dominici, G. (2009). From marketing mix to e-marketing mix: a literature overview and classification. International journal of business and management, 4(9), 17-24.
Elrod, J. (1978). Building the bridge between laboratory and consumer tests. Sigma Research Company. Paper presented at IFT Convention. Dallas, Taxas.
Girardot, N.F., Peryam, D.R, & Shapiro, R. (1952). Selection of sensory testing panels. Food Technol., 6(4), 140-143.
Goi, C. L. (2009). A review of marketing mix: 4Ps or more. International journal of marketing studies, 1(1), 2-15.
Išoraite, M. (2016). Marketing mix theoretical aspects. International Journal of Research-Granthaalayah, 4(6), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i6.2016.2633.
Jain, M. K. (2013). An analysis of marketing mix: 7Ps or more. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 1(4), 23-28.
Jundahuadong, P., Pongsakornrungsilp, S., & Sornsuwit, P. (2024). Agro-Tourism in Na-Bo-Kam Subdistrict, Kamphaeng Phet Provence. Journal of Information and Learning [JIL], 35(3), 86-101.
Khan, M. T. (2014). The concept of'marketing mix'and its elements (a conceptual review paper). International journal of information, business and management, 6(2), 95-107.
Kotler, P. (2003). Marketing management (11th ed.). London: Pearson.
Kotler, P., & Keller, K. (2012). Marketing management (14th ed.). Pearson.
Kumklong, N., Seanbudda, P., & Muenjitnoy, A. (2023). The Development of distribution channel : A case study of simmered pickled fish of Nikhom Songkroh’s Community Enterprise, Udon Thani. Journal of Public Administration, 6(1), 180-188.
Leelahasakulchai, H., & Chaychuwong, B. (2022). The processing of fermented anchovies (Pla-ra pla katak). Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives.
McCarthy, E.J. (1964), Basic marketing: A managerial approach (2nd ed). Irwin.
Mohamed, H. N., & Mustafa, S. (2021). Fermented fish products: A review on the manufacturing process, technological aspect, sensory, nutritional qualities and metabolite profiles. International Journal of Synergy in Engineering and Technology, 2(1), 16-35.
Moskowitz, H. R., Beckley, J. H., & Resurreccion, A. V. (2012). Sensory and consumer research in food product design and development. John Wiley & Sons.
Muninnoppamas, W., Taryeh, N. & Muninnoppama, J. (2021). Development of Budu seasoning products for papaya salad. Science Technology and Agriculture, Yala Rajabhat University.
Nakano, M., Sato, H., Watanabe, T., Takano, K., & Sagane, Y. (2018). Mining online activity data to understand food consumption behavior: A case of Asian fish sauce among Japanese consumers. Food Science & Nutrition, 6(4), 791-799. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.622.
Perreault, W.D., Cannon, J.P., & MacCarthy, E.J. (2012). Essentials of marketing: A marketing strategy planning approach (13the ed.). Mcgraw Hill Irwin.
Poosa, S. & Srikok, S. (2023). Development of pickled fish papaya salad sauce product. Journal of Science and Technology, 2(1), 8-21.
Rattanasupa, P., Churhedton, J., Sereepong, P., Suriyawong, T., Narkphum, Y., Romyen, J., & Boonrawd, S. (2016). Guidelines of fermented catfish product development in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province fir creating a sustainable competitive advantage. Journal of Management Sciences, 33(2), 19-43.
Riaz, W., & Tanveer, A. (2012). Marketing mix, not branding. Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 1(11), 43-52.
Sánchez-Fernández, R., & Iniesta-Bonillo, M. Á. (2006). Consumer perception of value: literature review and a new conceptual framework. Journal of Consumer Satisfaction, Dissatisfaction and Complaining Behavior, 19, 40-58.
Seegebarth, B., Behrens, S. H., Klarmann, C., Hennigs, N., & Scribner, L. L. (2016). Customer value perception of organic food: cultural differences and cross-national segments. British Food Journal, 118(2), 396-411.
Singh, A., & Surasani, V. K. R. (2020). Fish processing: An entrepreneurial opportunity for livelihood and income generation. Journal of Krishi Vigyan, 9(1), 144-149.
SME Thailand Club. (2025, February 21). Nua is so hot! Which brand of fermented fish sauce made up to 100 million?. https://www.smethailandclub.com/entrepreneur/9776.html.
Subsinserm, S., Chongsuebsuk, S., & Yimkan, S. (2019). Production requirements and quality indices of Nam Pla-ra (Pla-ra Sauce). Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives.
Surasereewong, S. (2020). Development of Thai fried chili seasoning (ground chili with oil) [Master’s thesis, Rangsit University]. Rangsit University Library. https://rsuir-library.rsu.ac.th/handle/123456789/516.
Thabit, T., & Raewf, M. (2018). The evaluation of marketing mix elements: A case study. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 4(4). 100-109. https://doi.org/10.23918/ijsses.v4i4p100.
Thongrak., P. (2019). Development of fermented fish powder production and packaging process to supplement the country's food management strategic framework. Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi.
Wiriyacharee, P. (2018). Sensory evaluation (2rd). Chaing Mai University.
Yudelson, J. (1999). Adapting McCarthy’s four P’s for the twenty-first century. Journal of Marketing Education, 21(1), 60-67.
Yusuf, S. (2009). From creativity to innovation. Technology in society, 31(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2008.10.007.
Zang, J., Xu, Y., Xia, W., & Regenstein, J. M. (2020). Quality, functionality, and microbiology of fermented fish: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 60(7), 1228-1242. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2019.1565491.