'Reinventing' Thai Universities: Ajarn, Thailand 4.0 & Cross - Cultural Communication Implications for International Academia.
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มิ.ย. 30, 2021
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Thai higher education (Thai HE) is changing. Thailand 4.0, a socioeconomic and educational development policy of the Thai Government, wants universities to ‘reinvent’ themselves into the world’s top-100 and so draw closer to international ideas of quality assurance, research, impact and teaching. This has, for example, led to a radical proposed revolution in mid-2020 for Thailand’s academic ranking system, one that is both unexpected and unprepared for. Therefore, using a literature review, alongside policy analysis, we describe publicly available information on Thai academic systems and question the forthcoming proposed changes against the pre-existing systems for academic progression. Through this, we debate the academic expectations and traditions in Thai HE. These are unique, a reflection of a country that prides itself as never having been colonised, yet favouring the borrowing, rejecting and reinterpretation of other academic systems. We propose consideration of the cross-cultural communication implications for Thai HE is needed, as it seeks to move towards an international setting. Then, we conclude that critical restructuring of academic ranks would create a more progressive educational policy, in line with international ideas of academia. Meanwhile, it raises further implications for cross-cultural collaboration, as well as communication, which has the potential for a lucrative knowledge exchange between institutes of learning in western higher education and Thailand.
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References
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Bourdieu, P. (2005). The social structures of the economy. Polity.
Bovornsiri, V., & Fry, G. (1980). Vocational-technical education and the Thai labor market. Paris: International Institute for Educational Planning.
Bovornsiri, V., Uampuang, P., & Fry, G. (1996). Cultural influences on higher education in Thailand. In Kepner, K., Tierney, W. (Eds), The social role of higher education: Comparative perspectives. Routledge.
Buasuwan, P. (2018). Rethinking Thai higher education for Thailand 4.0. Asian Education and Development Studies, 7(2), 157-173.
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Day, M.J. (2019). Teaching the Web: Towards principles for Web education. [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southampton.
Day, M.J., & Skulsuthavong, M. (2019). Web Science in SE Asia: Cultivating a ‘Thai Digital Renaissance’ through (Re)introducing an interdisciplinary science in higher education. Proceedings of the 2019 ANPOR Annual Conference: Power of Public Opinion and Multicultural Communication toward Global Transformation (pp. 114-131). Asian Network for Public Opinion Research.
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Flaherty, C. (2016, December 1). Forgotten chairs. Inside Higher Ed. https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2016/12/01/new-study-suggests-training-department-chairs-woefully-inadequate-most-institutions
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Ivtzan, I. (2008). Self actualisation: For individualistic cultures only? International Journal on Humanistic Ideology, 1(2), 111-138.
Jones, C., & Pimdee, P. (2017). Innovative ideas: Thailand 4.0 and the fourth industrial revolution. Asian International Journal of Social Sciences, 17(1), 4-35.
Joungtrakul, J. (2019). Thai higher education in crisis: Lay off of university staff on the way. Journal of Business Administration and Social Sciences, 2(1), 1-16.
Kamnuansilpa, P. (2018, September 20). The existential threat to Thai universities. The Nation. http://www.nationmultimedia.com/detail/opinion/30354844
Kanjananiyot, P., Singhadechakul, C., & Vorathanyakij, V. (2002). Thai higher education in brief. Ministry of University Affairs.
Khang, D. B., & Sandmaung, M. (2013). Quality expectation in Thai higher education institutions: Multiple stakeholder perspectives. Quality Assurance in Education, 21(3), 260-281.
Lao, R. (2015). A critical study of Thailand's higher education reforms: The culture of borrowing. Routledge Studies in Asian Education.
Laungaramsri, P. (2016). Mass surveillance and the militarization of cyberspace in post-coup Thailand. ASEAS Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 9(2), 195-214.
Lin, L., Stamm, K., & Christidis, P. (2017). How much do psychologists earn at each career stage? APA Centre for Workforce Studies, 48(11). https://www.apa.org/monitor/2017/12/datapoint
Mahidol University. (2013). Human resources division handbook for international employees of Mahidol University. https://mahidol.ac.th/temp/2017/12/handbookemployee.pdf
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MOE. (1998). History of Thai education. Ministry of Education.
MOE. (2003). Private institute of higher education act 2003. http://web.krisdika.go.th/data/outsitedata/outsite21/file/PRIVATE_INSTITUTION_OF_HIGHER_EDUCATION_ACT,_B.E._2546_(2003).pdf
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OECD. (2019). Combined executive summaries: Programme for international student Assessment (PISA) for 2018. OECD Publishing.
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OCSC. (2020). Notification of the Office of the Civil Service Commission and Attachment of the Office of the Civil Service Commission regarding Rules and Procedures for Appointing Person to be an Assistant Professor Associate Professor And Professor. http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2563/E/147/T_0020.PDF
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Pawawimol, O. (2017). Directions and policies of Thai higher education in driving forward the nation. Presentation Speech to Naresuan University. OHEC.
Payne, B. (2013). White-collar crime: The essentials. SAGE.
Persons, L. (2008). The anatomy of Thai face. Manusya Journal of Humanities, 1(1), 53-75.
Phothongsunan, S. (2018). EFL university teachers’ professional development in the Thai context. Arab World English Journal, 9(2), 283-297.
Power, J. B. (2015). An investigation into the factors affecting student creativity in higher education in Thailand. Thammasat Review, 18(1), 177-198.
Prince of Songkla University. (2009). Handbook for foreign employees of Prince of Songkla University. https://en.psu.ac.th/download/Handbook-for-Foreign-Staff.pdf
QS/QS Top Universities. (2020a). World university rankings. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020
QS/QS Top Universities. (2020b). Top universities country guides: study in Thailand. https://www.topuniversities.com/universities/mahidol-university
Rangsivek, K. (2017). The authoritarian personality in Thailand. 13th International Conference on Thai Studies, Globalised Thailand? Connectivity, Conflict and Conundrums of Thai Studies, Chiang Mai, Thailand (pp. 1341-1357). Regional Centre for Social Science and Sustainable Development.
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Reinero, D. A. (2019, October 23). The path to professorship by the numbers and why mentorship matters. Behavioural and Social Sciences. https://socialsciences.nature.com/users/325112-diego-a-reinero
Royal Thai Embassy Washington DC. (2015). Thailand 4.0. https://thaiembdc.org/thailand-4-0-2/
Royal Thai Government. (2020). Volume 137, Special Section 147 D, Government Gazette, 23 June 2020
Sakulku, J. (2011). The impostor phenomenon. The Journal of Behavioral Science, 6(1), 75-97.
Sasiwongsaroj, K., & Burasit, Y. (2019). Managing Thailand’s ageing population. Perspective. 2019(32), 1-15.
Segaller, D. (2005). Thai ways. Silkworm Books.
Sinlarat, P. (2000). Higher education in Thailand: Critical perspectives. Textbook and Academic Document Center, Chulalongkorn University.
Sinlarat, P. (2004). Thai universities: Past, present and future. In G. Altbach & T. Umakoshi (Eds), Asian universities: Historical perspectives and contemporary challenges. John Hopkins University Press.
Sridokkham, A. (2017, April 9). Four arrested in fake education degrees scam. The Nation. https://www.nationthailand.com/national/30311832
Tangchuang, P. (2002). Satisfactions of Chiang Mai University graduates as perceived by users. A research presented to Chiang Mai University. Chiang Mai University.
Tangchuang, P. (2003). Some contradictory evidences of the knowledge based economy in Thailand. Chiang Mai University, CELS.
The Economist. (2017, November 16). Thailand 4.0: In sight, but not in reach. The Economist. http://www.eiu.com/industry/article/786131662/thailand-40-in-sight-but-not-in-reach/2017-11-16
The Nation. (2018a, May 23). Senior educators oppose merger of Ohec with Science and Tech Ministry. The Nation. https://www.nationthailand.com/national/30346134
The Nation. (2018b, September 26). Thai universities drop in world rankings. The Nation. https://www.nationthailand.com/news/30355280
Theparat, C. (2019, November 7). New ministry takes on human factor. The Bangkok Post. https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/1789159/new-ministry-takes-on-human-factor
Thongnoi, J. (2019, October 20). As Chinese students flock to Thai universities, some are in for a hard lesson. South China Morning Post. https://www.scmcom/week-asia/people/article/3033605/chinese-students-flock-thai-universities-some-are-hard-lesson
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