The Behind-the-Scenes Role of Xu Guangping in Lu Xun's Socially Influential Works

Abstract

This study aims to critically examine the behind-the-scenes role of Xu Guangping, who served not only as the “intellectual and spiritual companion” but also as a key intellectual and emotional supporter of Lu Xun, one of the most influential writers in modern Chinese history. Lu Xun played a pivotal role in driving social transformation through literature during a crucial transitional period in the nation’s history. This article investigates the extent to which Xu Guangping influenced Lu Xun’s ideological development, literary production, and socio-political engagement, particularly during the period in which they lived together, from 1927 until Lu Xun’s death in 1936. This study draws on primary sources, including personal correspondence compiled in Letters from Two Places (《两地书》) and Xu Guangping’s other writings. The study reveals that Xu held firmly established political ideals and a resolute commitment to social reform even prior to her association with Lu Xun. She played an instrumental role in advancing modern ideas concerning women’s rights, gender equality, and progressive social change. Furthermore, Xu Guangping contributed significantly to Lu Xun’s personal and professional life through various means, including domestic management, active participation in political movements, and later, the preservation and dissemination of Lu Xun’s literary legacy following his death. The findings propose a re-evaluation of Xu Guangping not merely as Lu Xun’s companion, but as a modern Chinese intellectual and an “uncredited co-author” whose intellectual contributions were central to the shaping and propagation of Lu Xun’s socially engaged works. By applying the theoretical framework of collaborative authorship, this study seeks to introduce a new perspective within the field of Lu Xun studies and contribute to a broader understanding of the role of women in the development of modern Chinese literature and social thought.