A Management Model to Promote Systematic Thinking Skills of Students in Basic Schools
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Abstract
The study aimed to develop a management model to promote students’ systematic thinking skills in basic education institutions. The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 involved examining the components and approaches to management for promoting students’ systematic thinking skills through a review of relevant literature and research, including case studies of three schools with best practices and interviews with five experts. The instruments for data collection were recording forms and interview guides. Phase 2 focused on developing and validating the appropriateness of the model, with nine experts serving as informants and using a model validation checklist as the instrument. Phase 3 evaluated the feasibility and usefulness of the model, with 50 school administrators and 50 heads of academic administration units (totaling 100 participants) providing data through a structured evaluation form. Data were analyzed using mean scores and standard deviations.
The research findings indicated that the management model for promoting students’ systematic thinking skills in basic schools consists of five components: (1) the principles of the model; (2) the objectives of the model; (3) the management process, which includes (3.1) management factors, (3.2) the learning process to promote systematic thinking skills, and (3.3) the effectiveness of management; (4) model evaluation; and (5) conditions for the model’s success. The developed management model was found to be highly feasibility and utility.
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