The Development of a Comprehensive Model for Pollution and Marine Environmental Management in Samut Prakan Province

Abstract

The study had the following objectives: 1) to investigate the problems and impacts on coastal resources; 2) to develop a creative, comprehensive model for pollution and marine environmental management in Songkhonong Subdistrict, Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province; and 3) to strengthen the networks for marine environmental management among government, private, and public sectors in Samut Prakan Province. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, with a sample group of 39 participants, including government and private officials, as well as members of the public in Samut Prakan Province. The research tools included semi-structured in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and participatory observation to gather data. The data were analyzed using content analysis.

The study revealed the following results: 1) The problems and impacts on coastal resources in Songkhonong Subdistrict, Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province include: (1) Water pollution, caused by the discharge of untreated wastewater from factories, industries, and communities, which negatively affects marine ecosystems; (2) Air pollution, with high levels of particulate matter (PM 2.5) due to industrial and transportation activities, which poses a threat to public health; and (3) Waste pollution, with unsystematic waste management practices that harm the environment and living organisms, particularly through the presence of microplastics in the food chain. 2) The development of a creative, comprehensive model for pollution and marine environmental management in Songkhonong Subdistrict, Phra Pradaeng District, Samut Prakan Province emphasizes community participation through various campaigns and activities, such as Big Cleaning Day and Creative Media Contests. It also promotes both domestic and international cooperation, with all sectors collaboratively developing plans for the community, district, and provincial levels. These efforts include the exchange of innovations and guidelines for waste management through initiatives like 'One Subdistrict, One Product' and support for small and medium-sized enterprises. Additionally, environmental innovations have been enhanced, such as the establishment of an online water level monitoring station, a pollution alert system, and encouraging student participation in designing environmental solutions using AI technology. 3) The strengthening of networks for marine environmental management among government, private, and public sectors in Samut Prakan Province highlights the importance of collaborative efforts for sustainable environmental management. This includes the promotion of circular economy, bioeconomy, and green economy models to generate jobs and income for local communities. Training programs and seminars should be developed to cater to people of all ages, with a strong focus on domestic and international knowledge exchange. Additionally, public relations efforts, such as TV series, movies, and advertisements, in collaboration with influential figures, should be used to raise awareness of comprehensive marine environmental management. Finally, laws and tax policies should be revised to align with the needs of all sectors, supported by environmental master plans at the community, district, and provincial levels to achieve both short-term and long-term outcomes.