Human Rights Advocacy Based on the Bowon (Homes, Temples, and Schools) Approach: A Case Study of Wat Suan Kaew

Abstract

The guidelines for sustainable community development focus on the three main institutions of Thai society, which serve as the center of the community: the home (referring to family or household), the temple (a religious institution that provides a place of refuge), and the school (an institution that provides systematic education). These three are collectively referred to as ‘Bowon.’ Bowon is a principle that can be applied to community development and problem-solving at the community level, contributing to the strengthening of Thai society as a whole. The advocacy of rights, liberty, and human rights based on 'Bowon' aims for sustainability. The interconnectedness of all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) addresses issues related to basic human rights, social equality, justice, the economy, the environment, and peace. These goals are reflected in the operations of Wat Suan Kaew, with tangible results in two areas: waste management and environmental management. In terms of waste management, waste is sorted by type, with designated areas for waste storage and efforts to repair or repurpose waste in order to create added value. In terms of environmental management, the environment is managed to create a shady atmosphere with green spaces and clean air. Regarding career and education promotion, Wat Suan Kaew has assisted the poor by promoting education, moral development, and skill development, enabling them to support themselves and their families. The success factor of Wat Suan Kaew is referred to as the ‘SMART SDGs’ model. ‘S’ stands for stakeholders, ‘M’ stands for management, ‘A’ stands for a positive attitude, ‘R’ stands for responsibility in work, and ‘T’ stands for tolerance as a practice. There are three phases of operation: (1) physical space development; (2) learning development in temples and communities through action centers in society; and (3) mental and intellectual development for sustainable development.