An Analytical Study of Words Formation in Saundarananda Based on Astadhyayi of Panini

Abstract

This research article has objectives for 1) studying the history and achievement of Pāṇini and Aśvaghoṣa. 2) studying the texts and the form of poetry and Alaṅkāra in Saundarananda Text. 3) studying the process of word formation follows by Aṣṭadhayāyī that is Pāṇini’s Work, poetry and Alaṅkāra in Saundarananda Text. The research article is the qualitative research with documentary research that has explored the process of word formation in Saundarananda Text that follows by Aṣṭadhayāyī which is Pāṇini’s Work as the case study namely; colleting primary data and secondary data and studying the data by content analysis.

          The findings revealed that; 1) Pāṇini lived in 400 years before A.C., born in Brahmin known as Pāṇini family. His great work was Aṣṭadhayāyī. Sanskrit is the well-formed language in pronounce, letter and grammatic principle. Pāṇini had formulated the original grammatic scripture used linguistics known as a standard Sanskrit father. This work still has been described as basic theory of modern linguistics which influenced to mathematics, phonology and Indian philosophy. 2) Venerable Aśvaghoṣa had lived between 50 BC to 100 AC. He was the first poet who compiled Sanskrit play, and therefore being known as the father of Sanskrit play. He also developed Sanskrit grammar to decorate his poetic grammar such as Buddhacarita, Saunadarananda etc. which has been praised as great epic influenced to prosperity of Sanskrit literature in later period.
3) The word forming texts in modern time such as grammar became easier, but found no clear as seen in Sutra reference or traditional texting. Prosody in Saundarananda included the first, second and third Sarga are 169 verses consisting of various types; 1) Anuṣṭubhchanda containing 8 syllables, 2) Triṣṭubhchanda 11 syllables, 3) Atijagatī 13 syllables, 4) Śakvarīchanda 14 syllables, 5) Vāgvallabhachanda with inequal grouped verses, 6) Upajāti or half equal grouped verse. Alaṅkāra or ornament consists of 2 types; 1) Sound ornament consisting of complete 10 types such as Prasādaguṇa etc., 2) Meaning ornament contains 3 types; (1) Rūpakālankāra describing the identity of Upamāna and Upameyya, (2) Upamālankāra comparing the similarity of two things,
(3) Rasī-alankāra or the taste ornament which creates the virous tastes such as Śringārarasa etc.