Dignity in Humility: The Representation of Central Female Characters in Thai Literary Works

Abstract

           This paper employs a cultural feminist perspective to explore the representation of central female characters in three classic Thai literary works, namely Inao, Kritsana Sorn Nong Kham Chan, and Si Phaendin. Although all central female characters are made to fit into the stereotype of a virtuous woman in Thai patriarchal society, the result of the study shows that they are able to turn the stereotypical notion of a “good woman” - as dictated by the patriarchal system - into power, thereby making their thoughts, feelings, sensations, and behaviours recognized and accepted by the people around them. On the one hand, it is possible to say that Thai gender-coded rule of conduct seems to place more demand on women than on men. Women are expected to perform their defined gender roles both in society and within marriage by remaining obedient, gentle, humble, and hardworking. On the other hand, it is unarguable that such female gender roles imposed upon women are as important as those of their male counterparts. Without women fulfilling their traditional roles of a wife and a mother, it would be impossible for men and other family members to live their lives decently. The traditional ideal of femininity should not therefore be considered a degradation of women but rather an aspect that makes other people value their honour and dignity as individuals who sacrifice their lives for the well-being of the families.