The Model Development of An Increasing Awareness Model and Reducing Sodium Consumption Behavior of The People In Nakhon Phanom Province

Abstract

This action research was conducted under the strategic project to reduce salt and sodium consumption in Thailand (B.E.2016-2025), research area was in Nakhon Phanom province from January to December 2022. This research divided into 4 phases: Phase 1) situation studied and analysis of sodium-salt consumption/create a data set; Phase 2) create a model of sodium-salt consumption awareness for people; Phased 3) develop a training curriculum; and Phase 4) evaluate the model and curriculum applied in the community. The finding revealed as follow: 1) average daily sodium-salt consumption of people exceeded the WHO recommendation, females consumed higher than males;
2) factors related to sodium-salt consumption per day were gender, age, education level, income per month, preference for food taste, body mass index and no history of hypertension and diabetes; 3) the model for increasing of awareness to reducing sodium-salt of people included situation analysis, design courses and training, create mechanisms for participation of network partners, campaigns, create trends and public relations; 4) the evaluation of using model and training in the community found that people’s awareness has increased statistically significantly in terms of perceived risk, obstacles, perceived severity of the disease, perceived threat of disease and perceived self-efficacy. However, there was no difference of benefit reduction of sodium-salt consumption, both before and after project are in good level; and 5) model evaluation found that overview of average of the curriculum is at good level, that are curriculum lectured, curriculum contents and knowledge utilization. This research result would be used to plan solutions and reduce salt and sodium-salt consumption in Nakhon Phanom province.