The Application of Vajjī-aparihāniyadhamma to a Crematorium Management Model for Temples in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand

Abstract

This research article aimed to: (1) examine current problems in crematorium management, (2) explore appropriate management approaches through the application of the Vajjī-aparihāniyadhamma principles, and (3) propose a contextually grounded crematorium management model for temples in Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. The study employed a qualitative research methodology. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 18 key informants, comprising ecclesiastical administrators, temple operational staff, and undertakers, together with participatory observation in temple crematorium settings. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

The findings revealed that crematorium management problems in the study area were primarily due to a lack of systematic planning and standardized management procedures. Major problems included inconsistent service delivery, insufficient parking and supporting facilities, non-systematic accounting and maintenance fee administration, and limited technical knowledge among crematorium personnel. These problems led to reactive, experience-based management rather than proactive, transparent, and organized operations. The study further found that appropriate crematorium management should integrate four managerial dimensions: planning, organizing, problem-solving, and controlling. These dimensions were closely aligned with the seven principles of Vajjī-aparihāniyadhamma, particularly regular consultation, harmonious collaboration, adherence to established norms, respect for elders, preservation of tradition, and moral responsibility.

Based on the findings, the study proposes the BSI Model (Benefit, Save, and Impression) as a new body of knowledge for temple-based crematorium management. The Benefit dimension emphasizes environmental, social, institutional, spiritual, and economic value. The Save dimension highlights cost, time, and operational efficiency. The Impression dimension focuses on service satisfaction, facility readiness, transparency, fairness, and holistic experience for bereaved families. This model contributes theoretically by integrating Buddhist ethical principles with modern management concepts and practically by offering a culturally grounded framework for improving crematorium services. The study suggests that temples should move toward structured, transparent, technology-supported, and ethically guided management systems in order to enhance service quality and respond effectively to contemporary social needs.