Integrating Mahāsi Sayādaw’s Meditation Techniques for Effective Management of Guilt: A Comparative Study of Buddhist and Psychological Perspectives

Abstract

This research article aims to: (1) study the concept of the feeling of guilt and its causes as mentioned in psychology and the Buddhist Scriptures, (2) examine the technique of meditation practice as taught by Mahāsi Sayādaw, and (3) propose the effective ways to deal with the feeling of guilt based on the technique of Mahāsi Sayādaw’s meditation practice. The research methodology is qualitative, documentary, and involves in-depth interviews.

          The findings reveal that the feeling of guilt, denoted as kukkucca in Buddhist literature, is interpreted differently in the field of psychology compared to Buddhist texts. In psychology, it is considered a double-edged emotion, stemming from the notion of self and values, along with cognitive patterns and beliefs. Whereas, according to Buddhist doctrine, its nature is unwholesome, regardless of how it is explained, and unwholesome deeds that have been done, wholesome deeds that have not been done, ignorance, unsettledness of mind, and frequently giving careless attention to it are its causes. Notwithstanding the divergent interpretations, both psychology and Buddhism converge on the efficacy of mindfulness practice in coping with guilt. Mahāsi Sayādaw’s meditation technique offers a practical approach to mindfulness practice to help cope with guilt effectively. The effective ways of meditation practice that address guilt based on his teachings use the acronym LOVE, meaning: L: loving-kindness development, O: observing, V: vivid insight, and E: embracing change. Additionally, endeavoring to cultivate mindfulness and associating with good friends are also suggested to surmount possible obstacles during the implementation of this approach. By engaging in this process, individuals may calm the mind, cultivate present-moment awareness, gain wisdom, and enact positive behavioral changes. This practice not only enables the effective overcoming of the feeling of guilt but also precludes its potential future manifestation. These findings have significant implications for understanding and effectively coping with guilt.