Buddhist Psychology: A Path to Well-being for Working-age Sandwich Generation in Thailand

Abstract

This article presents the application of Buddhist psychological principles to enhance the holistic well-being of the working-age sandwich generation in Thailand—individuals aged 42 to 62 who bear the dual responsibilities of caring for aging parents and dependent children, while also maintaining their careers and self-care. Amidst rapid economic, social, and technological changes, this group faces significant challenges in four key areas: physical (including risks of health problems and chronic non-communicable diseases), mental (such as stress, anxiety, and burnout), social (including role conflicts and financial pressures), and intellectual (characterized by limited opportunities for personal development). The article proposes an integrative approach based on the principles of Buddhist psychology, particularly the Four Bhāvanās: Kāya-bhāvanā (physical development), Sīla-bhāvanā (moral development), Citta-bhāvanā (mental development), and Paññā-bhāvanā (wisdom development), along with other key Buddhist teachings such as the Four Iddhipādas (Bases of Success), the Middle Path, and the Four Noble Truths. These principles serve as a framework for fostering balance and enhancing quality of life in all dimensions. The proposed approach emphasizes setting life goals, maintaining physical health, cultivating mental resilience, fostering supportive relationships, developing wisdom to understand the nature of life, and engaging in continuous self-reflection and improvement. By applying these principles, the sandwich generation can be better equipped to navigate life’s multifaceted challenges in a balanced and sustainable manner.