SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT OF NON-CRIMINAL (PINAI) REGULATORY FINES FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE ENHANCEMENT OF THAI JUSTICE SYSTEM
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Abstract
This research aimed to examine the knowledge and understanding of police officers and the public regarding the implementation of the The Act on Imposition of Pinai Regulatory Fines, B.E. 2565 (2022) analyze operational problems, obstacles, and practical guidelines, develop an operational manual for police officers, and develop a digital platform to support the regulatory fine process. The study employed a research and development approach. Qualitative data were collected from 36 key informants, while quantitative data were obtained from 2,245 police officers and 623 members of the public. The findings revealed that 95.50% of police officers correctly understood the types of offenses eligible for regulatory fine measures. Among the public, 93.26% understood that payment of a regulatory fine results in case termination, whereas only 48.96% understood the provisions concerning fine reduction or installment payment. Police officers perceived that the law reduced the burden of criminal cases and cases entering the courts at a low level ( = 2.59, S.D. = 0.92). Members of the public agreed that the law should be widely publicized (
= 3.64, S.D. = 0.56) and supported the use of electronic systems in the regulatory fine process (
= 3.44, S.D. = 0.61). Major operational problems included procedural complexity and delays, differences in legal interpretation and the exercise of discretion, and limitations in inter-agency data system integration. These findings informed the development of an operational manual for police officers covering legal principles, operational guidelines, powers and duties, case-file preparation, case examples, and standardized forms. In parallel, a digital platform integrating artificial intelligence was developed to support data analysis and fine determination. The evaluation results showed that users reported the highest level of satisfaction with the platform (
= 4.43, S.D. = 0.62) and perceived its usefulness at the highest level (
= 4.48, S.D. = 0.61).
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References
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