ACTIVITY-BASED E-LEARNING FOR ENHANCING CYBER THREAT RESILIENCE AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A CASE STUDY IN SAMUT PRAKAN PROVINCE

Abstract

This study aimed to: 1) develop and evaluate the quality of an activity-based e-learning system for enhancing cyber threat resilience among older adults; 2) compare cyber threat resilience scores before and after learning; and 3) assess satisfaction with the system. The study combined a research-and-development approach with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample comprised 50 older adults aged 60-69 years, purposively recruited from older-adult clubs in Samut Prakan Province based on basic ability to use a smartphone or tablet, Thai literacy, and voluntary participation. The system was developed through the five phases of the ADDIE model and synthesized as the ACTIVE-6 Model, in which A-V represent learning, content, design, assessment, and support components, while E (Empowerment) represents the intended learner outcome. The instruments included the e-learning system, a system-quality assessment, a 20-item cyber threat resilience test, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The results showed that the system received an overall quality rating at the highest level ( = 4.53, S.D. = 0.32). Posttest scores ( = 18.28, S.D. = 1.31) were significantly higher than pretest scores ( = 14.14, S.D. = 2.50), t(49) = 22.91, p < .001, with a very large effect size (Cohen’s dz = 3.24), reflecting improved ability to identify threat situations and select appropriate responses on the test, not confirmation of long-term real-world behavior. Overall satisfaction was at the highest level (  = 4.58, S.D. = 0.19), with ease of use receiving the highest mean score (4.78). The findings indicate that activities linked to real situations, design suited to older adults, and feedback contributed to learning.