DEVELOPMENT OF PROMOTIVE CARE MODEL FOR ANEMIA PREGNANT WOMENAT PHANOM HOSPITAL

Abstract

This research and development study aimed to 1) Develop a model for promoting the care of anemia among pregnant women, 2) Examine the effectiveness of the developed model, and 3) Assess satisfaction with the model. The sample consisted of two groups: 19 healthcare personnel involved in promoting anemia care among pregnant women and 40 Thai pregnant women with anemia, selected by purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria. The research instruments included 1) The promotive care model for anemia among pregnant women, 2) A knowledge questionnaire on iron-deficiency anemia, 3) A self-care behavior questionnaire for anemia, 4) A satisfaction questionnaire toward the model, and 5) A health status record form. All instruments were validated for quality. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. The findings revealed that in Phase 1, some pregnant women lacked knowledge about anemia, had inconsistent adherence to iron supplementation, and had inappropriate dietary behaviors. In Phase 2, the promotive care model for anemia among pregnant women was developed based on King’s Theory of Goal Attainment. The model consisted of five components: awareness building, communication, information exchange and shared decision-making, practice, and evaluation. In Phase 3, after implementing the model, the mean knowledge score increased from 8.4 to 11.9, the mean self-care behavior score increased from 25.9 to 29.8, hematocrit increased from 31.5% to 34.1%, and hemoglobin increased from 10.4 to 11.6 g/dL, with statistical significance (p-value < 0.001).