A Study of Learning Achievement and Teamwork in the “Sufficiency Economy” Learning Unit of Grade 4 Students Using the Cooperative Learning Management Technique: Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT)

Abstract

Background and Aims: The objectives of this research were: 1) to develop a cooperative learning management plan using the Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT) technique for the Sufficiency Economy learning unit for Grade 4 students to meet the 80/80 efficiency criterion, 2) to compare the learning achievement of Grade 4 students in the Sufficiency Economy learning unit using the TGT technique after learning with the 80 percent criterion, and 3) to study the teamwork abilities of Grade 4 students using the cooperative learning management technique TGT.

Methodology: The sample group used in this study consisted of Grade 4 students at Ban Nokkhawthong School, under the jurisdiction of the Chaiyaphum Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, who were enrolled in the first semester of the 2025 academic year. One classroom was selected as the sample group, totaling 12 students, obtained through cluster random sampling. The research instruments included cooperative learning lesson plans using the Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT) technique for the learning unit “Sufficiency Economy” for Grade 4 students, consisting of 4 lesson plans with a total duration of 12 hours. An academic achievement test. And a teamwork assessment form. The data were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normal distribution, and the one-sample t-test.

Results: 1) First, the cooperative learning management lesson plans using the TGT technique for the “Sufficiency Economy” learning unit achieved an efficiency level of 85.97/87.78, which met the 80/80 criterion. 2) The students who learned through the TGT cooperative learning technique had post-test learning achievement scores significantly higher than the 80% criterion at the .05 level of statistical significance. 3) Grade 4 students who participated in the TGT cooperative learning activities demonstrated continuous improvement in teamwork skills.

Conclusion: The learning achievement of Grade 4 students in the “Sufficiency Economy” learning unit using cooperative learning lesson plans was found to be higher than the 80% criterion after instruction. Additionally, the teamwork skills of the Grade 4 students showed continuous improvement and were rated at a good level.