Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal

Guidelines for Developing the Potential of Tourist Attractions, Ban Pao Subdistrict, Nong Sung District, Mukdahan Province

Eaggawong Triyawong, Pornnapat Berndt, Weera Weerasophon — Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Ban Pao Sub-district, located in Nong Sung District, Mukdahan Province, is predominantly inhabited by the Phu Thai ethnic group. While the sub-district boasts a rich cultural heritage and several tourist attractions, the concentration of these attractions in specific areas has limited the overall tourism diversity. Consequently, the number of tourists visiting the area has been declining. To address this issue, this research aims to: 1) explore the socio-cultural context of Ban Pao Sub-district, 2) assess the tourism potential of the sub-district's attractions, and 3) propose strategies to enhance its tourism capabilities.

Methodology: The researcher collected data using a variety of methods, including secondary data analysis, field surveys of the community and its tourist attractions, in-depth interviews with community leaders and residents, and questionnaires. Data was analyzed and organized systematically using a rating scale to assess the tourism potential of the attractions.The sample group for this research consisted of community leaders, representatives of Ban Pao sub-district residents (who were knowledgeable about the community and involved in village development), and tourism experts. Data collection tools included a community survey form (interview) divided into two parts: Part 1, general information about the interviewee, and Part 2, open-ended questions about various topics; non-participant observation; and a tourism potential assessment form. The research employed qualitative analysis of interview data, which primarily consisted of descriptive text obtained from observations, interviews, group discussions, and field notes. Data triangulation and data collection were used to verify the findings. Content analysis, including categorization, grouping, and inductive analysis, was used to analyze the data and present the results in narrative form.

Results: 1) Ban Pao Sub-district, located in Nong Sung District, Mukdahan Province, is a village surrounded by mountains. Its unique characteristics include Phu Thai culture, language, traditional attire, local cuisine, and the Bai Sri Su Kwan ceremony. This makes it a cultural tourism destination. Additionally, there are natural attractions such as Kaew Pha Cave, Huai Tad Waterfall, Phu Chokko, Pha Ban Kham Phi, and Wat Tham Som. 2) The assessment of tourism potential in Ban Pao Sub-district revealed a score of 59.20, indicating a moderate level. While it has the potential to develop into a tourism village, it requires a proper development plan and active community participation. 3) The development of tourism potential in Ban Pao Sub-district should focus on five key components: 1) attractions, 2) facilities, 3) accessibility, 4) value, and 5) tourism management.

Conclusion: Developing the tourism potential by encompassing all five aspects, including attractions, facilities, accessibility, value, and tourism management, will lead to a more complete tourism model. This will enable tourists to make decisions based on their own preferences and interests.

Effects of the Learning Experiences Provision Using a Design Thinking Process Enhancing the Innovation Skills of Kindergarteners

Narumon Pumthong, Siraprapa Phruttikul, Chaweng Sonboon — Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The design thinking process is a model of learning process that is effective, interesting, and consistent with guidelines for developing the innovation skills of kindergarteners, which is a window of opportunity to prepare the lifelong learning foundation of human capital quality in the 21^st century. The purposes of this research were to: (1) study the effectiveness index of the lesson plans using a design thinking process, and (2) compare the innovation skills of kindergarteners before and after the experiment.

Methodology: The research participants consisted of 15 kindergarteners aged 5-6 years from Panchasap School, Minburi, under the Office of the Private Education Commission in the Primary Educational Service Area by cluster random sampling. Each 60-minute experimental session was executed four times a week for a total period of six weeks. The research instrument used was (1) the lesson plan using a design thinking process, which was implemented through five main phases: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test; (2) a performance rubric for the kindergarteners’ innovation skills—statistical analysis using an effectiveness index, mean, standard deviation, and t-test.

Results: The results followed that: 1) the effectiveness index of the lesson plans was equal to 0.7089, indicating that the participants showed a 70.89 percent improvement in their innovation skills; and 2) the innovation skills of kindergarteners after the experiment were significantly higher than before the experiment at the .05 level of significance.

Conclusion: The results of this research indicate that the learning experiences provided using a design thinking process can enhance the innovation skills of kindergarteners.

An Analytical Study of Aldo Leopold’s Land Ethic

Chainarong Srimanta, Sakun Onma, Pitchayarat Hemnalai — Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: This research aimed at analyzing the philosophical foundations of Leopold’s Land Ethic to promote environmental conservation and protection. It is a qualitative research study using the documentary research method, employing the framework of Biocentrism in environmental ethics. The primary focus is on analyzing Leopold’s A Sand County Almanac, along with other relevant books, academic articles, research studies, and documents, to develop a comprehensive understanding of the Land Ethic. The research is designed to achieve its stated objectives systematically.

Methodology: A qualitative documentary research method was employed, focusing primarily on A Sand County Almanac and supplemented by relevant literature on environmental ethics and biocentrism. The analysis is grounded in the conceptual framework of biocentrism, particularly drawing from the works of Paul W. Taylor and Goodpaster.

Results: The analysis indicates that the philosophical foundations of Aldo Leopold’s Land Ethic expanded the moral boundary from humans to the entire ecosystem, aligning with the biocentric framework in environmental ethics. The Land Ethic consists of three key components: (1) Biotic Community, which considers humans as merely a part of the ecological community rather than the center of moral value; (2) Ecological Conscience, which calls for human awareness of their responsibility towards nature; and (3) Land Health, which emphasizes maintaining ecological balance. However, when examined through the lens of biocentrism, it is found that while Leopold highlights the significance of the ecosystem as a whole, he still prioritizes the system that supports the survival of living beings rather than the intrinsic value of each organism. In contrast, the biocentric perspective of Taylor (1986) and Goodpaster (1978) assigns moral worth to all living beings, regardless of their ecological role. A key debate is that the Land Ethic may still emphasize functional value within a system rather than intrinsic value, which sets it apart from a fully biocentric viewpoint.

Conclusion: Leopold’s Land Ethic represents a significant philosophical shift toward system-based ethics in environmental thought. While it aligns closely with biocentrism in challenging human-centered views, it retains a functionalist orientation that distinguishes it from full biocentric egalitarianism. Nonetheless, its principles offer valuable ethical guidance for sustainable development and ecological stewardship in the face of contemporary environmental challenges.

The Development of Activities Based on Constructivism and Think-Pair-Share Activities in Interest and Time Value of Money for Mattayomsuksa 6 Students

Rattapron Leethiangtham, Nopporn Yamsang, Woranuch Yamsang, Urai Sirum — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The academic achievement of Ramkhamhaeng University Demonstration School (Secondary Level) students was low in the last semester compared with the other subjects. Therefore, developing learning activities in mathematics that improve students' academic performance is critical and needs to be done urgently. In this quasi-experimental research, the researcher develops learning activities based on constructivism and the think-pair-share (TPS) activities on interests and the time value of money for Matthayom Sueksa six students with the criterion efficiency of 75/75; compares the learning achievement based on constructivism and the TPS activities under study before and after the study; and examines the student satisfaction with the learning activities based on constructivism and the TPS activities under investigation.

Methodology: The research utilizes a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The sample population consisted of twenty-nine Matthayom Sueksa Six students studying in the first semester of the academic year 2024 at Ramkhamhaeng University Demonstration School (Secondary Level) using the technique of cluster sampling. The research tools consisted of learning activities based on Constructivism and Think-Pair-Share Activities in Interest and Time value of Money, Pre and Post-Learning assessment, and the satisfaction survey. Data from the experiment were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The hypothesis test was conducted using the technique of the dependent t-test.

Results: This research found that 1) The learning achievement was developed based on constructivism and the TPS activities on interests and the time value of money for Matthayom Sueksa Six students to be by the criterion efficiency of 75/75 at 76.41/77.10 which was higher than the set criterion; 2) The learning achievement based on constructivism and the TPS activities on interests and the time value of money for Matthayom Sueksa Six students after the study was higher than before the study at the statistically significant level of .05; 3) Overall, the student satisfaction with the learning activities based on constructivism and the TPS activities on interests and the time value of money for Matthayom Sueksa Six students was at a high level with the mean being 4.29.

Conclusion: The study's results focused on developing learning activities based on constructivism and think-pair-share (TPS) activities on interests and the time value of money. Furthermore, to improve students’ academic achievement after the study and to cultivate a positive attitude towards mathematics among students.

Omni Channel that Affects the Purchase Decision to Buy Used Cars in Phitsanulok Province

Sirin Chaiduang, Tummatinna Seesupan, Rattana Sittioum — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Study of Seamless marketing that affects the decision to buy used cars in Phitsanulok Province It arises from the changing situation of consumer’ use of digital technology. Behavior Current purchasing committee and living a new way of the objectives: 1. To study the level of seamless marketing opinions and purchasing decisions Used cars 2. To study and compare the decision to buy used cars. Classified according to personal factors and 3. To study seamless marketing that affects the decision to buy used cars.

Methodology: This is quantitative research with a sample group of people who decide to buy a used car in the Phitsanulok Province 384 people. The tool is a questionnaire. Basic statistics used to analyze the data include frequency, percentage mean standard deviation Statistics used to test hypotheses include t-test and F-test and Multiple Regression Analysis.

Results: 1. The level of seamless marketing opinions that affect the decision to purchase used cars in the Phitsanulok Province is at a high level. When classified by aspect, it was found that the aspect with the highest average was understanding. Behavior and expectations of consumers, followed by building bonds with consumers. delivery side Experiences that continually meet the needs of consumers and connecting channels to consumers 2. Comparison of the decision to purchase used cars in Phitsanulok Province. Classified by factor It was found that people who decide to buy used cars with different occupations and incomes have different opinions on the decision. There is a difference in choosing to buy a used car with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. As for those who decide to buy a used car with no difference in gender, age, status, and education; and 3. seamless marketing that affects decision making When choosing to buy a used car in Phitsanulok Province, it was found that perception of the problem and post-purchase behavior influence on Decided to buy a used car with statistical significance at the 0.05 level.

Conclusion: 1. Integration of communication channels between businesses and consumers. both offline channels and online channels Including arranging systems within the business so that they can be completely connected. Help every channel Able to work efficiently and provide consumers with the most seamless experience. 2. Consumers Always make decisions about various choices of products and services in everyday life. where consumers choose to buy products or services according to information and limitations of the situation and 3. problem recognition and behavior after purchasing a car Secondhand influences the decision to buy secondhand cars in Phitsanulok Province.

Competencies of School Administrators Affecting The Success of Academic Administration in Schools under Suratthani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Duanghatai Sukmuang — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The success of academic administration requires the competencies of effective educational administrators, which can be applied in both public and private sectors. Currently, the competencies of educational administrators are widely applied in academic administration. The objective of this research is to study 1) The competency level of educational administrators and the level of success in academic administration of the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. 2) Factors related to the competencies of educational administrators affecting the success of academic administration in the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. 3) The relationship between the competencies of educational administrators and the success of academic administration in the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. and 4) The competencies of educational administrators that influence
the success of academic administration in the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2.

Methodology: The sample used in this research includes Educational administrators, Teachers under the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, totaling 317 people. Determine the sample size according to the table of Krejcie and Morgan. Then, conduct sampling using stratified random sampling based on school size. The research instrument used is a 5-point (Rating Scale) questionnaire. It has a reliability value of .967. Data analysis was conducted by calculating frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation coefficient and analyze multiple regression in a stepwise manner.

Results: The research findings revealed that 1) The overall average competency of educational administrators is at a high level. 2) The overall average success of academic administration in educational institutions is at a high level. 3) The competencies of educational administrators in terms of good service, motivation, self-development, a focus on performance outcomes, and knowledge are positively correlated with the success of academic administration at a high level, with statistical significance at the .05 level. 4) The results of the multiple regression analysis that It was found that the competencies of educational administrators in terms of good service factors, motivation, self-development, a focus on performance outcomes, and knowledge have an impact on the success of academic administration in educational institutions, with a predictive ability (R²) of 0.161.

Conclusion: The study results found that the competencies of educational administrators are significantly correlated with the academic administration of educational institutions under the Surat Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 at the .05 level of statistical significance. Therefore, educational administrators should prioritize the development of their competencies in various areas, including good service, self-development, knowledge, motivation, and a focus on performance outcomes. To build confidence among personnel, students, parents, the community, and society regarding the educational institution, ensuring that the institution can provide education effectively.

Social Innovation Building from Local Wisdom for Value-Added Economy from Participatory of Nia-Kuol Ethnic Group, Wang Kamphaeng Village, Ban Khwao District Chaiyaphum Province

Wimonsin Prungchaiyaphum — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The adoption of the Isan culture of the Nia-kuol ethnic group in Ban Wang Kamphaeng, Ban Khao District, Chaiyaphum Province resulted in the Nia-kuol culture being gradually assimilated into the Isan culture. However, some cultural identities remain prominent, such as dress, food, games, beliefs, and utensils. Such potential, which is comparable to social capital, has an opportunity to be developed from the concept of creative economy to address the important issues of the province’s economic development. This research aims to 1) search for products that can be developed using the wisdom or cultural capital of the Nyahku ethnic group; 2) develop products from the wisdom or cultural capital of the Nia-kuol ethnic group in the form of new products through community participation; 3) create distribution channels for products from the wisdom or cultural capital of the Nia-kuol ethnic group through online trade using a research and development model.

Methodology: This research is qualitative. The study is divided into 3 phases as follows: Phase 1 to find products that can be developed using the wisdom or cultural capital of the Nyah-Kur ethnic group. Phase 2 is to develop products from the wisdom or cultural capital of the Nyah-Kur ethnic group in the form of new products through the process of community participation. Phase 3 to create a distribution channel for products from the wisdom or cultural capital of the Nia-kuol ethnic group through online trading. The target population is the Nia-kuol ethnic group in Ban Wang Kamphaeng who volunteered to receive training, totaling 30 people, divided into searching for community products, product development, and finding distribution channels for products.

Results: 1) Community products and product development from wisdom or cultural capital of the Nyah-Kur ethnic group and product development from wisdom or cultural capital of the Nia-kuol ethnic group in the form of new products by the process of community participation, including clothes, bags, scarves, Bakachi fertilizer, “Som Pla To” (sour fish made from large fish), pickled crabs, pickled crabs in fish sauce, royal honey mixed with lemon, royal honey from natural forests, Mim honey from natural forests, crispy rice crackers with pork and other fillings, mushroom crispy rice crackers, vegetables and fruits. 2) Online product distribution channels, divided into 3 levels: 1) Trainees who have skills in using communication tools (phones) with push buttons. The researcher developed the trainees using brand development techniques by specifying a clear phone number. Communication to provide product/goods information to consumers. 2) Trainees who have skills in LINE and Facebook applications. The researcher developed the trainees using QR codes in product labels to be used as an additional communication channel from the phone numbers in the LINE application. 3) Trainees who understand popular online trading platforms in Thailand, such as Lazada and Shopee. This research will add techniques from naming the store, taking pictures of products, writing product descriptions, shipping products, packaging, and specifying warehouses. Financial transactions and customer communication.

Conclusion: The Nyahku ethnic group has the potential to develop products through community participation processes, which can develop products from local wisdom in various forms. They can also open online marketing channels after receiving training. However, it was still found that the communication devices that the target group is familiar with are push-button telephones, which shows that the readiness of communication devices is not consistent with usage as much as it should be.

Upgrading Local Identity to Develop Innovative Silk Products for Creating a Community in Ban Han Sub-district, Kasetsomboon District, Chaiyaphum Province

Chotika Singhatep, Saowanee Janthsung — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The weaving of Ban Han Sub-district Community, Kaset Sombun District, Chaiyaphum Province, is considered a prominent community. There are various patterns designed from ideas and beliefs. In addition, mudmee patterns are created from various things around to design fabric patterns, which have been passed down since ancient times. And there is the development of fabrics until they are famous and well-known today. This research aims to enhance local identity to develop innovative silk products to create economic value for the Ban Han Sub-district Community, Kaset Sombun District, Chaiyaphum Province.

Methodology: This qualitative research focuses on using data collection processes to gain in-depth information using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, a research model that combines action research and participatory research. The researcher collected data from in-depth interviews with key informants involved in silk products, community leaders, local scholars, civil servants, and community culture scholars. The research instruments used were semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to develop innovative silk products in Ban Han Subdistrict with local identity for commercial purposes and to promote the creation of economic value in the Ban Han Subdistrict community, Kaset Sombun District, Chaiyaphum Province.

Results: It was found that the expertise and skills of the silk weavers tend to weave traditional patterns and adapted patterns according to market needs. Therefore, to create their own local identity, the silk weavers believe that using things around them, such as the name of the sub-district, to create patterns and combine them with various patterns according to the needs of the product user groups, adding patterns of the sub-district name to remind product users or recipients of the silk from Ban Han Sub-district, Kaset Sombun District, Chaiyaphum Province, and designing silk products to meet the needs of various user groups, such as being able to be used on infants and having properties to prevent insects from the smell of herbs, etc. In designing silk products, it is currently well known that the use of chemicals or additives that are not made from nature often has negative effects on health and the environment. Most people in society have begun to pay attention to using natural materials, including clothing and clothing made from natural materials. Protection from insect bites, such as mosquitoes, flies, and fruit flies, can be prevented by using herbs instead of using drugs or chemicals.

Conclusion: Developing the silk production process of Ban Han Sub-district with local identity Whether it is tools and equipment used in weaving, the silk weavers have developed and improved the weaving process, whether it is the silk pattern design process that combines and adapts patterns according to market needs. And combined with the unique patterns of Ban Han Subdistrict.

Supervision Monitoring, and Learning Management for Students with Special Needs at Schools under the Prachuap Khiri Khan Secondary Educational Service Area Office

Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objective: The Supervision Monitoring and Learning Management for Students with Special Needs project is an initiative to develop a framework and to provide supervision and follow-up teaching processes for students with special needs (STDs) studying in inclusive schools under the Prachuap Khiri Khan Secondary Education Service Area Office. This is intended to enhance the knowledge and abilities of administrators and teachers in learning management for STDs, enhancing chances for them to attend society happily, letting them develop their potential, and promoting STD opportunities in preferred future careers that match their skills. The project aimed to: 1) Investigate problems and needs related to promoting learning management and support for STDs in inclusive schools under the Prachuap Khiri Khan Secondary Education Service Area Office; 2) Organize workshops on learning management and support for STDs.

Research Methodology: The target group for this research was 36 guidance teachers from 18 schools under the Prachuap Khiri Khan Secondary Education Service Area Office. Research tools included: 1) Focus group discussion topics. 2) A Self-assessment form for teachers, 3) A satisfaction questionnaire for teachers. 4) A project evaluation form about the development of vocational skills for STDs. 5) An evaluation form about learning management for STDs. 6) A satisfaction questionnaire for administrators regarding supervision, and 7) A satisfaction questionnaire for teachers regarding supervision. The analyzed data used were Mean (M) and Standard deviation (SD.).

Research Results: After the workshops, the results showed that: 1) Teachers’ knowledge and understanding of learning management and support for STDs, overall, met the 80% threshold (M = 17.89, SD = 0.80). 2) Teachers' satisfaction with the workshops, overall, was rated high (M= 4.47, SD.=0.73) 3) The supervision and monitoring of learning management for STDs were: 3.1) The project was rated at a good level (M= 3.42, SD.=0.66) learning management for STDs was rated at a very good level (M= 3.55, SD.=0.58) 4) Administrator’s satisfaction with the supervision was rated highest (M= 4.51, SD.=0.53) and 5) Teachers' satisfaction with the supervision was rated highest (M= 4.65, SD.=0.53).

Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) in the Digital Age

Pisan Pankeaw , Natsuda Satayaban — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aim: In the evolving landscape of education, Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) has gained prominence for promoting real-world communication skills. However, the rapid transition to digital learning during and after the COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need to explore the role of digital tools in enhancing TBLT’s collaborative and interactive dimensions. Despite numerous studies focusing on digital tools in education, a critical gap remains in understanding how these tools specifically support meaningful task completion, engagement, and teamwork within TBLT frameworks in post-pandemic educational settings. This study aims to address this gap by examining the effectiveness of digital tools in promoting interaction and collaboration, which are core elements of TBLT.

Methodology: This qualitative study draws on a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed journal articles, books, and research reports published between 2010 and 2023. The selected literature focuses on the intersection of TBLT, educational technology, and digital tools. Using a thematic content analysis framework, the study identifies recurring themes, insights, and challenges related to the use of learning management systems (LMS), video conferencing platforms, mobile applications, and collaborative tools in TBLT environments. Emphasis is placed on evaluating these tools' capacity to facilitate student engagement, foster teamwork, and personalize learning experiences.

Results: The findings demonstrate that digital tools, particularly LMSs such as Moodle and Blackboard, and video conferencing platforms such as Zoom and Google Meet, play a vital role in enhancing students' engagement and interaction. These tools enable synchronous and asynchronous communication, provide access to diverse resources, and support real-time collaboration through features like breakout rooms and shared documents. Collaborative tools such as Google Docs and Padlet further enhance task completion by enabling students to work together, regardless of location. However, challenges remain, including varying levels of students’ digital literacy, unequal access to technology, information overload, and difficulties in maintaining language authenticity during digital interactions.

Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of integrating a combination of learning management systems, real-time communication platforms, and collaborative tools to create effective TBLT environments. Educators are encouraged to design tasks that leverage these tools while maintaining a focus on language-learning objectives. Careful scaffolding and ongoing feedback are essential to ensure meaningful participation and language development. Policymakers should also prioritize equitable access to digital resources to bridge the digital divide among learners. While this study provides valuable insights into the use of digital tools in TBLT, it is limited by the lack of direct empirical data from classroom implementations. Future research should focus on longitudinal and mixed-method studies to measure the sustained impact of digital tools on language acquisition, especially in diverse educational contexts. Additionally, investigating how different tools support specific language skills, such as speaking and writing, would provide deeper insights into optimizing TBLT practices.

The Development of Mobile Phone Applications to Promote Phonic Skills in Primary School

Pisan Pankeaw, PhraWichian Parichano, Lampong Klomkul — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Phonics instruction plays a critical role in developing foundational reading fluency, pronunciation, and phonemic awareness, particularly in primary education. However, students in Thailand, especially in rural areas like the Phetchaburi Educational Service Area 2, face significant challenges in mastering phonics. These challenges stem from structural differences between Thai and English phonetic systems, the absence of specialized English teachers, and limited exposure to native speakers, resulting in poor reading comprehension, pronunciation difficulties, and low confidence in using English. These educational gaps highlight the urgent need for innovative solutions to support phonics education beyond traditional classroom settings. This study addresses these issues by leveraging mobile technology to develop an engaging phonics learning application. The objectives of the study are fourfold: First, the study seeks to develop a mobile application specifically designed to promote phonics skills among primary school students. Second, it aims to validate the effectiveness of the application by measuring phonics improvement through pretest and posttest assessments. Third, it compares the learning outcomes of students who used the application (experimental group) with those receiving traditional instruction (control group), providing insights into the app's impact. Lastly, the study evaluates students' satisfaction with the app, assessing usability and its influence on learning engagement. These objectives collectively address the critical need for accessible phonics education tools in resource-limited settings.

Methodology: A mixed-methods approach was adopted to gain comprehensive insights into both learning outcomes and user experiences. The study involved students from a randomly selected school in Phetchaburi Educational Service Area 2, with participants divided into experimental and control groups. Grade 6 students formed the experimental group, using the mobile application for five weeks, while Grade 5 students followed traditional phonics instruction. The quantitative component included pretest-posttest assessments, with a 60-item test covering essential phonics components such as consonants, vowels, clusters, and suffix endings. Qualitative data were gathered through student surveys and focus group interviews, providing deeper insights into their experiences with the application.

Results: The study’s results demonstrate that the mobile application significantly enhanced phonics skills among the experimental group. The mean score for the experimental group improved from 14.7 (pretest) to 45.93 (posttest), a gain of 31.23 points. In contrast, the control group showed a modest improvement from 15.1 to 22.5, with a 7.4-point increase. A two-tailed t-test analysis (t = 29.84, p < 0.05) confirmed that the observed differences between the groups were statistically significant, validating the effectiveness of the mobile app. Students expressed high satisfaction, with average scores of 4.9/5 for learning improvement, 4.8/5 for exercise usefulness, and 4.7/5 for learning at their own pace. These findings indicate the practical effectiveness of the mobile application in enhancing phonics education and student engagement.

Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of mobile learning tools to address the challenges of phonics education in rural Thailand, offering a scalable solution for areas with limited access to specialized teachers and instructional resources. The significant improvements in phonics performance among students using the mobile application suggest that such tools can serve as effective supplements to traditional instruction, supporting students' phonemic awareness, pronunciation, and reading fluency. These findings have broader implications for educational policy and practice, underscoring the need to integrate technology-based solutions into the curriculum to enhance language learning outcomes. Future research could explore the long-term impact of the application, its adaptability to other regions, and the integration of advanced features such as offline access and adaptive learning modules.

The Need for Human Resource Development of the Personnel of the Department of Corrections, Ministry of Justice

Tulachai Veerasunthornsakul , Wallop Ratchatranont — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Human Resource Development (HRD) is important because it improves employees' skills, knowledge, and abilities, promoting personal growth and organizational effectiveness. Companies that invest in human resource development create a motivated, skilled workforce that drives innovation and keeps them competitive. The objectives of this research are: (1) To study the attitude level and personnel development needs of personnel of the Department of Corrections, Ministry of Justice. (2) To compare personnel development needs classified by personal factors, including gender, age, position type, affiliated unit, prison area, monthly income, and seniority. (3) To study the relationship between attitudes and personnel development needs of personnel of the Department of Corrections, Ministry of Justice.

Methodology: The sample group used in this research was personnel of the Department of Corrections, permanent employees, and civil servants, totaling 400 persons. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. And the statistics used in data analysis are frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, One-Way ANOVA and Pearson and Correlations, with the statistical significance level set at.05.

Results: The research results found that 1. The attitude and the need for personnel development of the Department of Corrections personnel were at a high level. 2. Different ages had different needs for personnel development of the Department of Corrections personnel. 3. The attitude of the Department of Corrections personnel was significantly related to the need for personnel development at a statistical level of.05.

Conclusion: This research tested the assumptions and found that various variables It is related to personnel development needs, such as attitude towards personnel development of the Department of Corrections. And a statistically significant difference was found when considering personal factors such as age and attitude towards personnel development of the Department of Corrections.

The Role of The District Municipality in Creating Cooperation with The Network To Develop Tourism Management in The Ban Duea Community, Nong Khai Province

Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The Ban Duea Subdistrict Municipality in Nong Khai Province has actively promoted tourism management in the Ban Duea community through collaboration among the government, private sector, and civil society. This partnership follows the principles of New Public Governance, with each party playing a role in addressing issues and delivering public services that meet the needs of local people sustainably. This research aims to examine the role of the subdistrict municipality in fostering partnerships with networks to enhance tourism management within the Ban Duea community, Nong Khai Province.

Methodology: This research utilized a qualitative research approach, selecting eight key informants through purposive sampling. The participants included three officials from the Ban Duea Subdistrict Municipality and five representatives from the Ban Duea Tourism Community. Data collection was conducted through focus group discussions, using semi-structured interview protocols to gain in-depth insights.

Results: Findings reveal that the Ban Duea Subdistrict Municipality leverages its resources and cultural capital in an integrated approach to administration. By creating opportunities for collaboration with network partners across sectors, the municipality plays a central role in establishing both formal and informal cooperative efforts. These efforts involve hosting mobile meetings, developing community plans, and incorporating community issues and needs into project planning, budget allocation, and coordination with provincial government agencies. This approach supports the sustainable development of tourism in the Ban Duea community.

Conclusion: The Municipality has successfully harnessed local and cultural resources through formal and informal partnerships, promoting sustainable, community-focused tourism development.

Components of Learning Leadership of School Administrators

Arunya Sareepho — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The components of learning leadership among school administrators serve as information for the development and performance of school administrators to be effective, enhancing their performance and achieving the highest efficiency for the school. This research aims to study the components of learning leadership among school administrators.

Methodology: The research process consists of three steps in the process: Step 1 is the synthesis of documents and research.Related to the components of the learning leadership of school administrators, a total of 13 sources. 2) Step 2: Interview 5 experts about the components of the learning leadership of school administrators. 3) Step 3: 5 experts evaluate the appropriateness and feasibility of the components of the learning leadership of school administrators. The research tools used include document analysis, interviews, and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, percentage, and standard deviation.

Results: 1) The components of the learning leadership of school administrators, derived from document synthesis and interviews with experts, consist of 6 components: (1) team learning, (2) a learning-conducive environment, (3) creativity, (4) the use of advanced technology in operations, (5) integration, and (6) self-directed learning. 2) The evaluation results of the appropriateness of the creative leadership components of school administrators are overall highly appropriate, at the highest level and the overall feasibility is at the highest level.

Conclusion: The components of the learning leadership of educational administrators were found to have 6 components: (1) team learning, (2) a learning-conducive environment, (3) creativity, (4) the use of advanced technology in operations, (5) integration, and (6) self-directed learning. The evaluation results of the appropriateness of the creative leadership components of educational administrators showed that the overall appropriateness level was the highest, and the overall feasibility level was also the highest.

Methods to Improve the Efficiency of Revenue Disbursement of the Department

Nanlaphat Kongkaewrasamee — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: This study aims to develop a framework for controlling and auditing expenditure reimbursement documents at the Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University. The objective is to establish operational guidelines to reduce errors and prevent issues in the reimbursement process. Previously, the reimbursement process has encountered errors and challenges related to reimbursement criteria, reimbursement rates, and the completeness and accuracy of supporting documents. These issues have led to mistakes, delays in document correction, and a lack of confidence among staff, affecting the trust of stakeholders.

Methodology: This study utilizes secondary data collection, gathering information from academic literature, books, articles, journals, theses, research reports, and online sources. The collected data are analyzed to develop a framework for controlling and auditing expenditure reimbursement documents. The study compares previous practices with newly identified approaches, based on data collected from 2015 to 2023.

Results: The study finds that the proposed framework, based on a systematic approach, introduces a new best practice—a checklist form for document verification before submission for reimbursement. This new approach enhances operational efficiency, reducing the time required for additional document requests. It also ensures that both staff and stakeholders work systematically and in alignment, minimizing errors and delays in the documentation process in contrast, previous practices often resulted in staff and stakeholders working independently based on their interpretations of institutional guidelines and reimbursement rates, which led to errors, inefficiencies, and delays in the reimbursement process.

Conclusion: The developed framework for controlling and auditing reimbursement documents has not yet been implemented, meaning the intended operational goals have not been fully achieved. It is recommended that the institute encourage staff and stakeholders to adopt this framework through effective communication channels. Additionally, a follow-up evaluation should be conducted to determine whether the framework achieves the expected outcomes, thereby allowing for necessary improvements to enhance its effectiveness.

Creative Leadership of Schools Administrator of Primary Schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission in the Northeastern Region

Narumon Supon — Sun, 25 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The study of creative leadership among school administrators under the Office of the Basic Education Commission will provide information that can be used to establish guidelines for developing and enhancing the creative leadership of school administrators and related agencies. This information can further be used to develop and enhance the creative leadership of school administrators. The objectives of this research are: 1. To study the components of creative leadership of school administrators in primary schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission in the northeastern region. 2. To assess the appropriateness and feasibility of the creative leadership components of school administrators in primary schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission.

Methodology: It is a quantitative research study with three steps: 1) studying the components of creative leadership in schools from relevant documents and research to synthesize the components of creative leadership of school administrators, 2) interviewing 5 experts about the components of creative leadership of school administrators, and 3) examining the appropriateness and feasibility of the components of creative leadership of school administrators by 5 experts. The research tools used include document analysis, interviews, and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, percentage, and standard deviation.

Results: 1) The components of creative leadership of educational administrators, derived from document synthesis and interviews with experts, consist of 4 components: (1) Visionary aspect, (2) Imaginative aspect, (3) Flexible aspect, (4) Credible aspect. 2) The evaluation results of the appropriateness of the components of creative leadership of educational administrators are overall highly appropriate, at the highest level ( =4.61, S.D.= 0.60), and the overall feasibility is at the highest level ( = 4.69, S.D.= 0.60)

Conclusion: The components of creative leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Education Area were found that there were 4 components: 1) vision, 2) imagination, 3) flexibility, and 4) credibility. The results of the assessment of the appropriateness of the components of creative leadership of school administrators showed that overall appropriateness was at the highest level, and overall feasibility was at the highest level.

Improving and Upgrading Work to Increase Productivity with Kaizen Techniques for Industry 5.0

Tue, 27 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The application of the Kaizen approach in Industry 5.0 plays a crucial role in creating significant changes in the manufacturing process. There is a focus on continuous improvement, reducing waste, and creating a work culture that includes employee engagement at all levels. Integrating advanced technologies such as AI and IoT with human approaches to work increases productivity and responds quickly to market demands. Real-time data collection and analysis not only facilitate immediate problem identification and resolution. The article discusses the advancement of flexible manufacturing processes and continuous process improvements to prepare for Industry 5.0.

Materials and Methods: It is an analysis of data from secondary research that has already been gathered from sources that are already in existence or from earlier studies, negating the need to gather fresh data from primary sources. This kind of research places a strong emphasis on gathering information from books, journals, statistics, documents, and other sources so that it can be efficiently analyzed, interpreted, and summarized.

Results : It is an analysis of data from secondary research that has already been gathered from sources that are already in existence or from earlier studies, negating the need to gather fresh data from primary sources. This kind of research places a strong emphasis on gathering information from books, journals, statistics, documents, and other sources so that it can be efficiently analyzed, interpreted, and summarized.

Conclusion: enhances employees' technological skills, fostering a work environment that fosters continuous creativity and innovation. All of this makes Kaizen a key to improving and developing organizations in this highly competitive era, while also increasing employee satisfaction and better customer responsiveness in the digital age.

Enhancing the Efficiency of Pharmaceutical Inventory Management in Public Hospit

Tue, 27 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Efficient management of pharmaceutical inventory is a significant challenge for hospitals today, especially in situations with limited resources and fluctuating drug demands. Inadequate management may lead to drug shortages or overstocking, which directly impacts the quality of care and hospital operating costs. This research aims 1) to study the prioritization of pharmaceuticals and medical supplies in purchasing to align with limited inventory, and 2) to explore methods to enhance the efficiency of inventory management by utilizing multiple approaches together for better results than using a single method.

Methodology: This is a quantitative study, using pharmaceutical inventory data from a state hospital in 2023, with a total of 12,322 items. The samples were selected purposively. Research tools included data recording forms, ABC-VED Matrix analysis, and inventory management formulas. The research process began with collecting purchase, dispensing, and distribution data, followed by data analysis using descriptive statistics, ABC-VED Matrix analysis, EOQ, and Safety Stock calculations to improve inventory management efficiency. The results present pharmaceutical categorization based on importance, demand forecasting, and an appropriate purchasing model.

Results: The findings indicate that 1) pharmaceuticals and medical supplies can be classified according to value and medical importance using ABC-VED Matrix analysis. Drugs with the highest importance (Vital) were distributed across all value categories, with group C, representing low-value items, having the largest number. This demonstrates that managing high-importance drugs requires considering both value and medical importance to avoid shortages of vital but low-value items. 2) Combining multiple inventory management methods, such as Modified Moving Average (MMA), Reorder Point (ROP), Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), and Safety Stock (SS), improves accuracy in demand forecasting and reduces the risk of stockouts. MMA enhances forecasting accuracy, while proper ROP helps mitigate shortages. EOQ and Safety Stock calculations reduce management costs and increase system flexibility.

Conclusion: An optimal purchasing model should integrate various concepts and tools, including EOQ, ROP, Safety Stock, MMA, and modern technologies like AI, IoT, and Machine Learning to achieve maximum efficiency in inventory management, cost reduction, and prevention of stockouts.

Developing An Art Tourism Management Model for Galleries in the Rattanakosin Island Area Towards International Standards

Virakun Punyaratabandhu, Weera Weerasophon, Bua Srikos — Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Art tourism plays a vital role in promoting both the economy and culture, especially in historical areas such as Rattanakosin Island. However, it still lacks efficient management and international standards. This research aimed to 1) study the current state of art tourism management in the Rattanakosin Island area, 2) analyze success factors in managing art tourism to meet international standards, and 3) develop an appropriate management model to achieve international standards.

Methodology: The study employs a mixed-methods approach, collecting quantitative data from 400 art gallery visitors using convenience sampling and qualitative data from interviews with 15 experts. Research instruments were validated for content validity, yielding an IOC value of 0.89 and a reliability coefficient of 0.87. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The study found that 1) art galleries have high potential but need development in integration and public relations, 2) success factors include personnel development, education and activities, and dissemination and public relations, with the latter having the most influence, 3) the appropriate management model comprises 5 main components: management structure, development strategies, implementation guidelines, identity and selling point creation, and development towards international standards.

Conclusion: The knowledge gained is an integrated management model that emphasizes participation, technology utilization, and collaboration networks to elevate art tourism to international standards while preserving Thailand's cultural identity.

Factors Influencing Ecosystem of Ideological-political Education in China Universities

Zhao Jia, Eksiri Niyomsilp — Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The section currently introduces the topic of ideological-political education, but lacks a clear, concise statement of the research objective. It should highlight the main purpose of the study and what it aims to achieve in the context of ideological-political education in Chinese universities. For instance, a sentence such as “This study aims to examine the factors influencing the ideological-political education ecosystem in Chinese universities by employing SWOT analysis” would provide clarity from the outset.

Methodology: The section mentions both quantitative and qualitative methods, but this could be explained more explicitly. A clearer description of the methodological approach should be included, specifying how data were collected and analyzed. For example, stating, “This study utilized both quantitative data collected through surveys and qualitative insights from interviews to assess the four elements of the SWOT model” would help the reader understand the dual approach more effectively.

Results: (1) While the section touches upon some results, it should focus more on key findings. These should be presented more succinctly, summarizing both the strengths (e.g., “the availability of resources”) and weaknesses (e.g., “limited access to data”). This ensures that the reader can quickly grasp the study's main outcomes. Including a sentence such as, “The results indicate that while Chinese universities benefit from abundant resources, challenges such as limited data access pose significant threats to the sustainability of ideological-political education,” would strengthen the abstract. (2) The section contains several redundancies and overly complex phrases, which could be simplified for better readability. For instance, the phrase “the manipulation of the Ideological-political education ecosystem on consequence on education” could be streamlined to “the impact of the ideological-political education ecosystem on student outcomes.” This change not only improves clarity but also makes the text more accessible. (3) There are some inconsistencies in the terms used, such as “Ideological-political education ecosystem” and “ecosystem influential factors.” It is essential to maintain consistency in terminology throughout the abstract to avoid confusion. Stick to one clear term, such as “ideological-political education ecosystem,” and use it consistently. (4) The section ends somewhat abruptly and could benefit from a more conclusive final sentence that encapsulates the study's overall importance. A sentence like “This study provides valuable insights into strengthening the ideological-political education ecosystem in Chinese universities, with implications for policy reform and future research” would offer a stronger conclusion.

Conclusion: The findings show that although Chinese universities have a wealth of resources, they also face obstacles that make ideological-political education less sustainable, such as restricted access to data. The impact of the abstract would be increased and clarity would be improved by adding a concluding sentence, making sure terminology is consistent, and simplifying complex phrases.

Characteristics of School Administrators in the VUCA World Era for Digital Technology Applications for Educational Management

Duanghatai Sukmuang — Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: In an era of rapid change known as the "VUCA World" (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity), educational administrators must possess special skills and attributes that enable effective educational operations to respond to the challenges of the digital world and rapidly changing technology. Therefore, this article aims to present a synthesis of concepts regarding the characteristics of educational administrators in the VUCA era, leading to effective approaches for applying digital technology in teaching and learning.

Methodology: This study involves a review of relevant academic documents, followed by an analysis and synthesis based on the study's objectives, employing a descriptive presentation method.

Results: The VUCA era is a time when the world faces uncertainty and unpredictable events, particularly driven by rapid technological advancements. The characteristics of educational administrators in the VUCA era for applying digital technology in teaching and learning consist of various factors. Based on a literature review, the researcher has categorized these characteristics into six key attributes: (1) agility in learning, (2) vision, (3) teamwork competence, (4) self-confidence, (5) the ability to set shared goals, and (6) the ability to prioritize crises. If educational administrators possess these attributes, they will be able to effectively and efficiently apply digital technology in teaching and learning during this disruptive era. This, in turn, will benefit teachers and students by enabling them to develop their technological skills and adapt appropriately to technological changes.

Conclusion: In the VUCA era, educational administrators must continuously adapt to change and embrace digital technology as an integral part of school management. Besides having technological knowledge, they must also be leaders who can foster a culture of innovative, flexible learning and make data-driven decisions. This enables them to effectively implement digital technology in teaching and learning, responding appropriately to the changes in today's world.

Motivation to Study in Social Service Management Program (Bachelor of Arts), Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Burapha University

Jutatip Khamcharoenkun — Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives: Since the number of students enrolling in the Bachelor of Arts in Social Service Management at the Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Burapha University, has been steadily increasing each year, this trend prompted the researcher to explore the motivations behind choosing this program, which draws applicants from both the eastern region and across the country. The objectives of this study are to explore the motivations for enrolling in the Bachelor of Arts in Social Service Management and to analyze the factors influencing students' decisions to pursue this program at Burapha University.

Research Methodology: This study employed a survey-based approach using questionnaires as the research tool. Data were collected from 144 students enrolled from the first to the fourth year at Burapha University. Data were analyzed using computer programs for statistical analysis. There are two types of analysis: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

Results: The overall motivation to enroll in the program was found to be high. Ranked from highest to lowest, the motivations include Curriculum and teaching methods, Economic and social factors, University environment, Career prospects, Personal interests, and Information dissemination. The influence of personal connections on the students' decisions was found to be low. Hypothesis testing revealed that students who entered through different admissions systems showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in their overall motivation. However, gender, place of origin, and academic performance did not significantly affect their motivation at the same significance level. To enhance motivation for enrolling in the Bachelor of Arts in Social Service Management, students provided several key recommendations. The most supported suggestion is that the university should offer learning-friendly facilities, such as efficient libraries and information systems. Following this, the curriculum should feature distinctive courses, including community-based field studies, volunteer work, and practical internships in both public and private sectors. Additionally, the university should work towards building a strong national and international reputation. Setting reasonable tuition fees throughout the program was also highlighted as an important factor. These recommendations were supported by over 80% of the respondents.

Conclusion: The primary factors influencing students' decisions to enroll in the program are curriculum quality and economic and social aspects. Other factors, in descending order of importance, include the university environment, career prospects, personal interests, information dissemination, and personal connections. To attract more students, the curriculum should be updated to reflect the local context, as well as current economic and social conditions. Furthermore, the program should offer real-world learning experiences through field trips, internships in the government and private sectors, and a diverse range of courses. Monitoring tuition fees throughout the program is also recommended. Additionally, the program should modernize its promotional materials, focusing less on personal recommendations, as students tend to make decisions independently. Therefore, utilizing social media for effective outreach to target audiences is essential.

The Case Study of Local Wisdom Management in Food Consumption ‘Vegetable Consumption for Health Purposes’ in Bansai-ngam, Na Siao subdistrict, Mueang Chaiyaphum district, Chaiyaphum Province

Saowanee Janthasung, Chotika Singhatep — Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Local wisdom in Thailand has emerged from people’s resourcefulness and creativity in sustaining diverse lifestyles within a community. This cultural exchange and interaction among ethnic groups and communities, through trade, migration, and shared livelihoods, have led to the development of unique cultural characteristics known as "culture," which forms the foundation of local wisdom. Local knowledge, formed through experiences, skills, and ingenuity, has been passed down from generation to generation, preserving traditional practices. This study focuses on the knowledge management of local wisdom concerning traditional foods and the use of local herbs as medicinal plants in Sai Ngam Village, Na Siew Subdistrict, Mueang District, Chaiyaphum Province. The research aims to investigate the knowledge management of local culinary wisdom, focusing on the transformation of local herbs into health-promoting foods, with active community participation. This approach seeks to conserve local wisdom while creating economic opportunities for the community. The study’s findings reveal that knowledge transfer from generation to generation occurs through community participation, leading to the development of herbal food products that preserve local wisdom and generate income for the community.

Methodology: This qualitative research involved a literature review and purposive sampling, targeting 20 participants, including village elders, local experts, and community representatives with knowledge of local herbal plants and leaders of community enterprise groups. Content analysis was used to present findings descriptively based on significant issues.

Results: The study reveals that (1) knowledge management regarding "eating local herbs as medicine" in the Sai Ngam community involves knowledge preservation, acquisition, management, sharing, and community engagement. These activities promote local wisdom conservation and create economic opportunities through herbal processing. (2) Processing local herbs into health food products, with community involvement, leads to the conservation of local wisdom and income generation, exemplified by “herbal Miang paste.”

Conclusion: The community has actively participated in identifying, creating, managing, and sharing knowledge through research processes to develop ready-to-eat herbal products. These products help preserve the value of local wisdom in herbal use and expand market reach, supported by external entities such as researchers and government agencies, which play significant roles in supporting community preservation and economic development. Transforming local herbs preserves local wisdom and culinary culture, creating sustainable economic opportunities for the community in the long term.

The Development of Matthayom Sueksa One Students’ Learning Achievement in Mathematics on Exponents Using Constructivism and TAI Cooperative Learning Technique

Sangkat Jingta, Nopporn Yamsang, Woranuch Yamsang, Urai Sirum — Wed, 28 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Mathematics learning activities should be designed to develop students' mathematical skills and processes through real-life situations. By engaging students in practical applications, these activities can enhance their academic achievement in mathematics while also helping them understand how to apply mathematical concepts in everyday life. In this thesis, the researcher develops (1) learning activities based on constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique on exponents for Matthayom Sueksa One student with the criterion efficiency of 80/80; compares (2) the learning achievement in mathematics on exponents for the students under study using constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique before and after the study; and examines (3) the student satisfaction with the instruction and study of mathematics on exponents for the students under investigation using constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique.

Methodology: The sample population consisted of fourteen Matthayom Sueksa One students in one classroom at Wat Maruekhathayawan School (Wichit Chawanananratuppatham) in the first semester of the academic year 2024, using the technique of cluster sampling. The research instruments used in data collection consisted of nine lesson plans using constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique on exponents for Matthayom Sueksa One students, an academic achievement test in Mathematics on exponents for the students under study, and a form to measure the student satisfaction with the instruction and study of mathematics on exponents for Matthayom Sueksa One students using constructivism and the TAI technique. Data were statistically analyzed using percentages, means, and standard deviation. The dependent t-test technique.

Results: 1. The development of the learning activities based on constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique on exponents for Matthayom Sueksa One students found to exhibit the efficiency at 87.94/80.70, which was in line with the criterion efficiency of 80/80. 2. The comparison of the learning achievement in mathematics on exponents for Matthayom Sueksa One students using constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique was found to be at a higher level after the study, at a statistically significant level. 3. The student satisfaction with the instruction and study in mathematics on exponents for Matthayom Sueksa One students using constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique was found to be at a high level.

Conclusion: In summary, learning activities based on constructivism and the TAI cooperative learning technique have effectively raised student learning Achievement. These tactics help students to cooperate in learning, develop their knowledge and abilities, and help classmates let learning happen together happily.

Management Guidelines For Preventing School Dropout Under The Rayong Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Panjira Areeratanachod, Jantarat Phutiariyawat — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The dropout problem among primary school students has a long-term impact on the education system, particularly in the Rayong Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, where dropout rates are notably high. This research aimed to 1) investigate the causes of student dropouts in this area and 2) propose preventive measures for student dropout in Rayong Primary Educational Service Area Office 1.

Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research method. Data were collected from a sample group of 300 individuals, including students, teachers, administrators, and educational personnel in the Rayong Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan’s table and selected through stratified random sampling based on status, followed by simple random sampling proportional to the group size. The research instrument was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, with an internal consistency (IOC) value of 0.50 or above and a reliability score of 0.86.

Results: The findings revealed that the causes of student dropouts stem from multiple factors, including family issues, student-related factors, community and environmental factors, teachers, curriculum, and the school itself. The study also identified that effective dropout prevention requires comprehensive support in various areas, including student assistance, strengthening collaboration among schools, families, and communities, as well as financial and economic support for students.

Conclusion: The management strategies proposed for preventing student dropouts in the Rayong Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 can be applied to enhance the efficiency of dropout prevention measures. These strategies focus on providing support to students, fostering collaboration between schools, families, and communities, continuous student assistance, financial aid, and addressing specific issues of at-risk groups.

Factors of Success in Korea Drama Series: An Analysis of Narrative Elements and Social Reflection

Thitaree Paksirichayanon, Porawan Pattayanon — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The international success of Korean series has led to the global spread of Korean culture (Hallyu), particularly in raising awareness and driving social change through content that reflects the image of Korean society and important global issues. Korean series are therefore not just a form of entertainment but also serve as a historical record that connects audiences worldwide through storytelling and artistic elements that deeply reflect society. For this reason, the researcher aims to study and analyze the strategies that have contributed to the international success of Korean series, with the following objectives: 1) to analyze the narrative components of contemporary Korean series, and 2) to analyze the social reflections conveyed through contemporary Korean series.

Methodology: This study employs a mixed-methods approach. A quantitative survey was conducted with a sample of 100 regular viewers of Korean series to identify the top five most popular Korean series between 2017 and 2022. Purposive sampling was used for sample selection. Additionally, a qualitative content analysis was employed to examine the narrative components and social reflections present in these series. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 experts to gather their insights on the success of the Korean series, with purposive sampling used to ensure the depth and completeness of the research.

Results: 1) The narrative components are a significant strategy influencing the success of the Korean series at a high level. The study found that plot, performance, and song have the highest influence. Conflict, character and characterization, theme, spectacle, settings, and point of view are also significant factors, with a moderate influence from diction and symbols. 2) The social reflections portrayed in the series are another high-impact strategy contributing to their success. Cultural imagery has the highest influence, followed by economic and cultural values imagery. Educational imagery has a lower influence, and religious imagery has the least influence. The narratives also reflect a cultural portrayal that is "creative, complete, realistic, interwoven, and communicative." Additionally, funding, government support, and celebrity power are critical factors driving the success of Korean series.

Conclusion: 1) Narrative components are a crucial strategy that has contributed to the international success of the Korean series. 2) Social reflections are also a key strategy in ensuring the global success of Korean dramas.

Effects of Complex Training on Agility of Female Handball Athletes at the Lower Secondary Education Level, Sisaket Province

Chalong Soisiha, Nirut Sukdee, Rotjana Pongnoo — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Handball is a sport that uses various movements to occupy the ball, running, picking up and sending the ball, raising the ball, turning, jumping, throwing the ball, and shooting etc. Athletes must be based on good mechanical performance to affect handball performance as well. Therefore, the research aims to study the effect of mixed training on the agility of female handball players in middle school, Sisaket Province, and to compare the effect of mixed training on the agility of female handball players in middle school, Sisaket Province, before training after the week of training. 4 and after week 8 training

Methodology: The sample group is 25 female junior high school handball players, Sisaket Provincial Sports School in the 2012 academic year. The experimental tools are a combined training program that is performed 3 days a week for 8 weeks. The tools used to collect data are the T-test. The FAF's Slalom test, the SEMO test, determines the statistical significance at the level. 05Results: The study found that the sample group was 25 women with an average age of 13.92 years (S.D. = 0.86) Weight average 46.17 kg (S.D. = 6.59) and the average height is 158.08 centimeters (S.D. = 5.31) The FAF's Slalom test before training week 4 and after training week 8 found that the FAF's Slalom test before training had an average of 26.00 standard deviation of 0.65 after training week 4 had an average of 15. 38 standard deviations, 0.28 after week 8 training averaged 12.01. Standard deviations are 0.20 in pairs. It was found that after week 4 training and after week 8 training differed significantly from after week 4 training at the level. 05Conclusion: The study found that the sample group was agile before training, after week 4, and after week 8 training, statistically significantly different. In comparison, it was found that after week 4, training and week 8 training were different from before training and after week 8 training. From week 4, training was statistically significant at the level. 05

Transformational Leadership of School Administrators under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Wanwisa Unbao, Kanporn Aiemphaya, Niwat Noymanee — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Transformational leadership among school administrators is crucial to the success of educational institutions. Administrators play a key role in connecting with school personnel to effectively implement policies and drive strategic direction. With a visionary outlook, they can initiate new management structures, adapt to novel operational paradigms, and steer the institution toward achieving its set goals efficiently. The objectives of this research were 1) To study level of transformational leadership of school administrators under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 2) To compare the transformational leadership of school administrators under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 classified by gender, education level, work experience and size of educational institution.

Methodology: The sample groups were teachers under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, Academic year 2023, 306 teachers. The sample size was calculated using Krejci and Morgan’s table and random sampling according to the size of an educational institution. The research instrument was a 5-level rating scale questionnaire with a consistency index of 0.50 or higher, and the overall reliability was 0.96. Data analysis statistics include frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.

Results: The research results were found: (1) Transformational leadership of school administrators to the teachers’ opinion, under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2. Overall, it is of a high standard. When each aspect was examined, it was discovered that the aspect with the highest average was idealized influence, followed by inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, and shared vision, which has the lowest average. (2) The results of comparing the transformational leadership of school administrators as perceived by teachers under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 classify jobs based on gender, education level, and work experience. It was discovered that the overall and individual aspects were not different. The size of educational institutions was found to have an overall statistically significant difference at the .05 level.

Conclusion: According to the research, School Administrators under the Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 exhibit the highest level of transformational leadership, with idealized influence being the strongest and shared vision being the lowest. There were no differences based on gender, educational background, and work experience; however, differences were observed based on the size of an educational institution.

Guidelines for Promoting Students’ Morality Ethics of School Administrators under Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2

Pattarachana Promsena, Sarunyaporn Sinlapaprasert, Sansern Hunsaen — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The promotion of morality and ethics must start from a young age through education and participation of family, educational institutions, and communities, which will enable individuals to live happily and create benefits for society and the country. The research has two objectives to 1) Study the level of promoting student morality and ethics of school administrators under Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2, and 2) Study the framework for promoting student morality and ethics of school administrators under Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2.

Methodology: The Study used mixed methods, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The sample group, consisting of 306 informants for quantitative research and 8 informants for qualitative research, was selected by purposive sampling. Tools for research included questionnaires and focus groups. Statistics for data analysis were Frequency, Mean, and Standard Deviation. Data from a focus group was analyzed by Classification and Domain Analysis.

Results: 1) The level of promoting student morality and ethics of school administrators under Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 overall was at a high level, when considering each aspect, the aspect of organizing activities for promoting student morality and ethics had the highest mean. The second highest aspects were the aspect of the environment setting and the aspect of planning. The aspect with the lowest mean was the aspect of performance evaluation.

Conclusion: The framework for promoting student morality and ethics of school administrators under Chachoengsao Primary Educational Service Area Office 2 showed that the aspect of planning should set moral values and school identity, while the aspect of environmental setting should enable an environment supporting morality and ethics promotion. The aspect of organizing activities for promoting student morality and ethics should include moral values and ethics in every subject. The aspect of performance evaluation should have various assessment and evaluation methods.

Causal Factors Influencing College Student’s Willingness to Consume Digital Music Chengdu, China

Shan Yu, Eksiri Niyomsilp — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Chengdu, an important region in southwest China, is home to numerous colleges where students frequently engage with digital music through mobile devices. This study aims to explore how perceived value and subjective norms influence college students' intentions to consume digital music. Specifically, it seeks to understand whether students' behavioral attitudes and social norms positively affect their willingness to participate in music consumption. Additionally, the study will examine how students' active involvement in music-related activities may further enhance their interest in consuming digital music.

Methodology: It was an applied research method that combines qualitative and quantitative methods as a mixed method, which provides all-around theoretical support for the influencing factors of college students’ digital music consumption, as literature reviews.

Results: It was found that college students’ perceived value, behavioral attitude, subjective norms, and user participation jointly affect their consumption intention by affecting user stickiness and psychological needs. These factors interacted and promoted each other, which together constituted an important factor system affecting college students’ consumption decision-making.

Conclusion: In conclusion the study was conducted by investigating the influencing factors of college students' digital music consumption, which interact and promote each other, and together constitute an important factor system affecting college students' consumption decision-making.

Branding Strategies in the Digital Era of Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province

Ongkarn Chomvisarutkul, Yongyouth Yaboonthong, Tharn Thongngok — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Thailand is currently facing challenges in the digital era under the "Thailand 4.0" policy, which has significantly impacted the education sector, including private schools. Kenneth Mackenzie School in Lampang Province is one such school that must adapt to these changes, especially in an era characterized by rapid global shifts and increased competition. This situation has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to the closure of many private schools. Therefore, this study aims to: 1) examine the current situation, the desired state, and the requirements for digital branding of Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province; 2) explore successful digital branding strategies implemented by private schools; and 3) develop and evaluate digital branding strategies for Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province.

Methodology: This research used mixed methods, divided into 3 steps: 1) Studying the current status, desired conditions, and needs of branding in the digital age, 2) Studying the branding strategies in the digital age of private schools with good practices, and 3) Creating and examining the branding strategies in the digital age of Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province. The target group was purposively selected, consisting of the school administration committee, teachers, and those involved in the educational management of Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province, totaling 50 people: 5 administrators of private schools with good practices, 7 head teachers, and 5 experts. The methods and instruments used were questionnaires, structured interviews, workshops, and checklists. Data were analyzed using frequency, mean, standard deviation, PNI, and content analysis.

Results: 1) The current status of branding in the digital age of Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province, is at a high level overall. The aspect with the highest average ranking is technology, the second is relationship, and the third is brand personality. The most desirable condition overall is at the highest level. The aspect with the highest average ranking is information technology, the second is relationship, and the third is brand personality. The overall demand index value is 0.13. The first rank is reputation, the second is organizational culture, the third is relationship, and the fourth is brand awareness. 2) The strategy for branding in the digital age of private schools, with good practices, found that reputation is an important factor that helps create credibility and acceptance in society. Therefore, academic activities that focus on the use of modern technology and innovation in learning management must be organized, networks must be created with foreign educational institutions, and teaching and learning must be continuously evaluated. Identity: Creating a distinctive identity through the development of specific curricula that focus on students' aptitudes, organizing recreational activities to create good relationships, and unity in the organization. Relationship: Building good relationships with the community and parents, creating networks with other schools and organizations. Brand awareness: Using online and offline media. In communicating with parents and the community, brand personality, developing personnel personality and attitudes to be consistent with the desired image, information technology, using information technology in learning management, 3) creating and examining the branding strategy in the digital age of Kenneth Mackenzie School, Lampang Province, it was found that the branding strategy consists of 6 parts: 1) Vision 2) Mission 3) Goals 4) Strategy 5) Projects/Activities 6) Success Indicators The results of the examination of accuracy, appropriateness, and feasibility found that overall, they were at the highest level in all aspects and passed the specified criteria.

Conclusion: According to the findings, Kenneth Mackenzie School in Lampang Province has a strong digital branding strategy that places a strong focus on relationship-building, technology, and brand personality. This approach is organized and gives organizational culture and reputation top priority. The school has a solid foundation for credibility, community involvement, and innovative learning, and its branding strategy, which includes vision, mission, goals, and evaluation metrics, is in line with the demands of modern education.

Factors Affecting Disciplinary Misconduct Among Prisoners in Maha Sarakham Provincial Prison

Doarueng Hongsa, Yupaporn Yupass, Phakdee Phosing — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Disciplinary misconduct of prisoners is a problem that affects both the prison management system and the rehabilitation of prisoners to return to society. However, it also reflects the challenges of managing Mahasarakham Provincial Prison, which has a large number of prisoners and a limited environment, creating an environment that may affect the mental state and behavior of prisoners. Therefore, this research aims to study 1) the level of disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison, 2) the factors affecting the disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison, and 3) the recommendations for developing disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison. Research Methodology: Quantitative research was used. The sample consisted of 134 prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison who committed disciplinary misconduct and were still detained in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison. The sample group was determined using Taro Yamane's formula. The sample group was then stratified using proportional stratification and obtained using simple random sampling. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Linear multiple regression analysis

Results: 1) The level of disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison is at a high level overall. 2) Factors affecting the disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison include the factor of the desire to create a highlight for themselves, the factor of individual temperament, the factor of personal character, and the factor of exuberance. All 4 variables can explain the factors affecting the disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison by 61 percent. 3) Suggestions for the development of disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison should focus on the group of prisoners who are disciplinary misconduct. There should be a survey and compilation of basic information on prisoners who have disciplinary misconduct. There should be a clear policy for treating the group of prisoners who have disciplinary misconduct. There should be a plan to help prisoners who engage in disciplinary misconduct appropriately. The private sector should be involved in developing the character of prisoners.

Conclusion: The level of disciplinary misconduct of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison is at a high level overall. Factors affecting disciplinary misconduct include the desire to create a highlight. Personal preferences, personality traits, and exuberance, the four factors that explain 61 percent of indiscipline offenses. Recommendations for improving indiscipline offenses include the preparation of basic information, clear policies, appropriate assistance plans, and opportunities for the private sector to participate.

Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior Among Prisoners in Maha Sarakham Provincial Prison

Siwa Pholrom, Yupaporn Yupass, Saovalak Kosonkittiumporn — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Consumerism is a phenomenon that occurs in many societies, which is promoted by various economic, social, and cultural factors, especially among prisoners in prison who often experience a lack of both mental and physical resources. This research aims to study 1) the level of consumerism behavior of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison, 2) factors affecting consumerism behavior of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison, and 3) guidelines for reducing consumerism behavior of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison.

Methodology: Quantitative research was used. The sample group consisted of 335 prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison. The sample group was determined using Taro Yamane's formula, stratified proportional division, and simple random sampling was obtained. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and linear multiple regression analysis.

Results: (1) The level of consumerism behavior of prisoners in Mahasarakham Provincial Prison Overall is at a high level ( = 3.89). (2) The factors affecting the consumer behavior of the prisoners of Mahasarakham Provincial Prison consist of 5 factors: social influence factor ( = 0.68), fashion influence factor ( = 0.38), imitation factor ( = 0.32), media influence factor ( = 0.13) and material value factor ( = 0.07). It can predict the consumer behavior of the prisoners of Mahasarakham Provincial Prison with 90% accuracy. (3) The guideline for reducing the consumer behavior of the prisoners of Mahasarakham Provincial Prison should organize a rehabilitation program for the prisoners to focus on the correction of consumer behavior in particular. In organizing the rehabilitation program, the prisoners should create values for the prisoners to understand consumption by having the purpose to be by the meaning and the benefits of that thing. Adhere to the principle of moderation consistent with their economic status and abilities. Consumption according to Buddhist principles. This is because the teachings of Buddhism teach us the principles of living a correct and appropriate life, knowing how to distinguish what is necessary. And it is not necessary for life. Avoid the disaster. Live appropriately with wisdom as a guide to wrong consumption.

Conclusion: The consumerism behavior of the prisoners of Maha Sarakham Provincial Prison is at a moderate level overall. Factors affecting consumer behavior include social influence, fashion influence, imitation, media influence, and material values. The approach to reducing consumerism behavior should be to organize a rehabilitation program to emphasize adjusting consumption behavior by letting the prisoners understand consumption according to Buddhist principles and emphasizing moderation and suitability with economic status.

Needs Assessment for School Management Towards Learning Organizations in the Digital Era School under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District, Network 25

Sunisa Kamlangkua, Nuttachai Sri-iam, Waraporn Thaima — Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: In today's era, digital technology plays a crucial role in all sectors. Educational institutions must adapt and develop to keep pace with these changes, particularly in managing schools to become learning organizations in the digital era. The purpose of this research was to analyze the needs assessment of educational institution administration towards becoming learning organizations in the digital era for schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office, Network 25.

Methodology: A quantitative research methodology was employed. The sample group consisted of 135 school administrators and teachers, determined by Krejcie and Morgan's table, Stratified random sampling was employed by stratifying the population according to school size and job positions, followed by simple random sampling within each stratum. The research instrument was a 5-point rating scale questionnaire on current and desirable conditions of school administration towards learning organization in the digital era for schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office, Network 25. The statistics used for data analysis included mean, standard deviation, and Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI_modified).

Results: The findings revealed that the priority needs assessment (PNI_modified) of educational institution administration towards becoming learning organizations in the digital era for schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office, Network 25 showed that the aspect with the highest needs index was shared vision (PNI_modified = 0.23), followed by knowledge management (PNI_modified = 0.20), and systems thinking (PNI_modified = 0.14). Two aspects shared the same needs index and ranking: team learning and technology utilization (PNI_modified
= 0.13). The aspect with the lowest needs index was personal mastery (PNI_modified = 0.10).

Conclusion: Shared vision emerged as the aspect with the highest priority needs, highlighting the significance of developing and establishing a collective direction among school personnel to effectively drive the organization towards becoming a learning organization in the digital era.

Guidelines for Academic Administration in Schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Kanchanaburi

Parichat Benpad, Nipon Wonnawed — Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Because it guarantees the organized and efficient execution of educational programs, academic administration plays a critical role in schools in promoting the learning and growth of their students. Through quality control, creative methods, and matching education to the demands of students and society, it also promotes ongoing improvement. This research aims: This research is a quantitative and qualitative research; 1) To study the state of academic administration in schools. 2) To study guidelines for academic administration in schools.

Methodology: The sample group used in the research was 312 school administrators and teachers. The research instruments were questionnaires and group discussion recordings. The validity index was 1.00 and the questionnaire's reliability was 0.99. The statistics used in the research were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

Results: 1) Academic administration in educational institutions under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area, Kanchanaburi, overall, has been implemented at a high level. The average values, from highest to lowest, are: learning process development, school curriculum development, development of internal quality assurance systems in educational institutions, media, innovation and technology development, measurement, evaluation and transfer of learning results, and research for educational quality development. 2) Guidelines for academic administration in educational institutions under the Office of the Secondary Education Service Area, Kanchanaburi, are as follows: 2.1) In terms of school curriculum development, there should be a survey of learners’ needs and context analysis. 2.2) In terms of learning process development, the learning management process should be designed and organized to meet the indicators and be flexible for learners. Active learning management should be promoted. 2.3) In terms of measurement, evaluation and transfer of learning results, learners should be analyzed individually and there should be clear and diverse measurement and evaluation appropriate for learners. 2.4) In terms of research for educational quality development, there should be continuous planning and support for classroom research. 2.5) In terms of media, innovation and technology development for education. There should be support for the provision of media, innovations, and technology used in managing teachers' learning and support for the work of managing various administrative groups within the educational institution. 2.6) In terms of developing an internal quality assurance system within the educational institution, there should be a plan for implementing internal quality assurance with a clear process of participation of teachers and personnel in the educational institution.

Conclusion: According to the study, academic administration in Kanchanaburi's educational institutions is very successful, especially when it comes to curriculum development and the learning process. Aligning educational practices with learner needs, improving active learning, using a variety of assessments, encouraging ongoing classroom research, utilizing cutting-edge technologies, and making sure that internal quality assurance systems are strong are all important ways to maintain this.

Analysis of Online Marketing Strategies Influencing Purchase Decisions of Generation Y in Bangkok

Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The behavior of purchasing products through social media has gained increasing importance, particularly among Generation Y consumers, who play a key role in driving online business growth. This study aims to (1) investigate the personal factors of Generation Y consumers in Bangkok that affect their purchasing decisions through social media, (2) examine the influence of online marketing strategies on the purchasing decisions of Generation Y consumers, and (3) explore the impact of buying motivations on their purchasing behavior through social media.

Methodology: This quantitative study targeted Generation Y consumers aged 27–44 in Bangkok who purchased social media products within the past six months. The sample size was 400, selected through convenient sampling, with data collected via an online questionnaire. The research instrument showed an IOC score of 0.91 and a Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.90. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test, One-way ANOVA, and Multiple Regression) at a significance level of 0.05.

Results: (1) Personal factors such as gender, education level, occupation, and income significantly influenced purchasing decisions, except for age, which did not affect post-purchase behavior.

(2) Online marketing strategies, including platform quality and information quality, positively impacted purchasing decisions, with platform quality having the highest influence. (3) Buying motivations, such as enjoyment and utilitarian benefits, positively influenced purchasing decisions, with enjoyment having the greatest impact.

Conclusion: (1) Personal factors such as gender, education level, occupation, and income significantly influenced purchasing decisions, except for age, which did not affect post-purchase behavior. (2) Online marketing strategies, including platform quality and information quality, positively impacted purchasing decisions, with platform quality having the highest influence. (3) Buying motivations, such as enjoyment and utilitarian benefits, positively influenced purchasing decisions, with enjoyment having the greatest impact.

Factors Affecting The Success of An Attack Social Engineering in The Logistics System

Narongrid Yimchaloenpornsakul, Chalita Thriyawanich, Sawanlom Suthiarj — Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Technological advancement has dramatically improved service quality in the logistics industry. However, it has also increased cybersecurity risks, particularly through social engineering techniques. This research aimed to (1) study and analyze factors affecting the success of social engineering attacks in logistics systems, (2) develop a predictive model for attack success, and (3) propose guidelines for prevention and risk reduction.

Methodology: This quantitative research studied a population of 2,850,000 employees in Thai logistics organizations. A sample size of 400 was determined using Yamane's formula with simple random sampling. Data was collected through an online questionnaire with an IOC value of 0.89 and a reliability coefficient of 0.855. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test for hypothesis testing.

Results: (1) All three factors showed high importance levels, with human factors scoring highest, followed by technical factors, and organizational factors. (2) The predictive model explained 52.6% of attack success variance, with human factors showing the strongest influence (β = 0.398). (3) The most important preventive measures in each aspect were cybersecurity training, intrusion detection system implementation, and clear security policy establishment.

Conclusion: Human factors are most critical to social engineering attack success. Organizations should prioritize personnel development alongside technical system improvement and security culture establishment.

Logistics Performance Index and Its Impact on Air Freight Business Performance

Chitpong Ayasanond, Suparat Akaraphisitwong, Chutidaj Munkongtum — Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Air freight plays a vital role in global logistics and supply chain systems, especially in an era of rapid international trade growth. This research aimed to (1) study the logistics performance index level of air freight businesses in Thailand, (2) examine the relationship between the logistics performance index and business performance, and (3) compare the logistics performance index across different organizational sizes.

Methodology: This quantitative research employed questionnaires to collect data from 385 executives and managers in air freight businesses, selected through proportional stratified random sampling. The questionnaire's reliability was 0.89. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and one-way ANOVA.

Results: (1) The overall logistics performance index was at a high level, with punctuality scoring highest and customs procedures scoring lowest. (2) The logistics performance index showed a significant positive correlation with business performance at a high level. (3) Organizations of different sizes showed differences in logistics performance index levels, with large organizations scoring the highest, followed by medium-sized and small organizations, respectively.

Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of developing a logistics performance index, particularly in improving customs procedures and supporting small and medium-sized organizations, to enhance the operational performance and competitiveness of Thailand's air freight business sector.

Developing English Reading Ability of Matthayom 1 Students by Using Murdoch Integrated Approach

Chaiyapan Chamnannarong — Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: A study of new reading teaching is necessary for problem-solving guidelines and developing levels of English reading ability in students. Using the Integrated approach for developing the English reading ability of students. Because focusing on the thinking process, problem-solving by integrated skills provides students with continuous learning. The purposes of this study were to (1) compare English academic achievement before and after for students in Matthayom 1 and (2) find effective English reading ability for comprehension by using the MIA for Matthayom 1 students.

Methodology: The sample of these students was 30 Matthayom 1 students at the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University. A cluster random sampling method was used. The research instruments were (1) 3 lesson plans using the MIA method, 2 period plans with 50 minutes, and (2) an English reading ability test with 30 items. The research statistics used were percent, mean, standard deviation, and t-test for a paired sample.

Results: (1) The English reading ability test scores of Matthayom 1 students before school averaged 14.37, the standard deviation was 5.14, representing 47.90 percent. The mean was 21.17, and the standard deviation was 4.16, or 70.60 percent. (2) Efficiency of Process/Efficiency of Product: Learning Management to Developing English Reading Ability of Matthayom 1 Students by Using the MIA. It was shown that the efficiency (E1/E2) was 70.14/70.60, which meets the criteria set by 70/70. (3) Comparison by using the MIA before and after school: the ability in English reading of the students after using the MIA activities was significantly higher than that before using the activities at the .05 level. The average was 14.37, the standard deviation was 5.23 before the lesson, and after the course, the average was 21.17, the standard deviation was 4.23.

Conclusion: This study showed that the development of English reading skills of Mathayom 1 students increased using the Murdoch Integrated approach and skills training in various areas, such as listening skills, speaking, and writing.

Work Motivation Affecting the Core Competencies of Local Government Organization Employees in Akat Amnuai District, Sakon Nakhon Province

Jirawatch Keasanith, Lamai Romyen, Sanyasorn Swasthaisong — Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Motivation for work is an important factor that will enhance the performance of employees of local government organizations. The motivation for performance is very important to management. It will affect work performance. The purposes of this study were 1) to study the level of Work Motivation and Competencies of Local Government Organization Employees in Akat Amnuai District, Sakon Nakhon Province, and 2) to study the influence of work motivation on the core competencies of employees of local administrative organizations in Akat Amnuai District. Sakon Nakhon Province 3) To study guidelines for developing the core competencies of employees of local administrative organizations in Akat Amnuay District. Sakon Nakhon Province

Methodology: The sample group included employees of local government organizations in Akat Amnuay District. Sakon Nakhon Province, 198 people. They were obtained by stratified sampling and random sampling techniques. The questionnaire was used for data collection, and statistics employed for data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis.

Results: The study revealed these results: 1) The work motivation of employees of local government organizations in Akat Amnuay District, Sakon Nakhon Province, is at a high level. The main competencies of employees of local government organizations in Akat Amnuay District. Sakon Nakhon Province Overall, it is at a high level. 2) The motivating factor variables of work motivation can together predict the level of core competencies of employees of local government organizations in Akat Amnuay District. Sakon Nakhon Province received 70.60 percent (R2Adj=.706) with statistical significance at the .05 level. When considering the sub-components of the motivating factor variable of work motivation, it was found that job success (β=.496), opportunity Progress (β=.387), receiving praise (β=.158), and receiving development (β=.136). The sustaining factors of work motivation can together predict the level of core competencies of employees of local administrative organizations in the Akat Amnuay District. Sakon Nakhon Province received 83.80 percent (R2Adj=.865) with statistical significance at the .05 level. When considering the sub-components of the sustaining factor variables, it was found that the security aspect (β=.557), the occupational status aspect (β=.420 ) Supervision aspect (β=.258), and the policy and administration aspect (β=.237) 3) Guidelines for developing the core competencies of employees of local government organizations in Akat Amnuay District Sakon Nakhon Province includes agencies that are policymakers. There should be a policy regarding performance evaluation, and have clear indicators. Local government organization administrators should develop their organizational management potential. To be able to manage and effectively solve problems that occur in the agency, and should continuously develop the competency of employees at all levels.

Conclusion: According to the study, workers in Sakon Nakhon Province's Akat Amnuay District local government organizations demonstrate strong levels of core competencies and work motivation. Core competency levels are strongly predicted by key motivating and sustaining factors, with occupational status, job success, advancement opportunities, and security being major contributors. To improve organizational effectiveness, recommendations place a strong emphasis on transparent performance evaluation procedures and ongoing competency development for all staff levels.

An Analysis of Logistics Efficiency and Organizational Factors Affecting Satisfaction of Fruit Exporters in Central Thailand towards Road Freight Services

Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Fruit export is a major industry in Thailand, particularly in the central region. Road Freight Services covers over 80% of domestic logistics but faces rising costs. This research aims to (1) study the relationship between organizational characteristics and transportation service satisfaction, (2) analyze the influence of logistics efficiency on satisfaction, and (3) propose guidelines for improving logistics management efficiency.

Methodology: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, conducting in-depth interviews with five transportation business executives and analyzing data through content analysis. A questionnaire with a reliability of 0.920 was used to collect data from 240 fruit exporters through convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The findings revealed that (1) different organizational characteristics had no effect on road freight services satisfaction, (2) logistics efficiency significantly influenced satisfaction at a high level (mean = 4.58), with information technology having the strongest influence (Beta = 0.764), followed by logistics processes (Beta = 0.427), while service accessibility showed negative influence (Beta = -0.277), and reliability showed no significant influence, (3) development guidelines should focus primarily on improving information technology systems and logistics processes.

Conclusion: Service providers should develop technology systems and improve process efficiency while maintaining equal service standards for all customer groups.

The Development of a Health Literacy Promotion Model for the Elderly to Prevent Dementia in the Area of Ban Nong Ra Wiang Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, Phayakkhaphum Phisai District, Maha Sarakham Province

Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Thailand has entered an aging society, with more than 20% of the population being elderly in 2024, and it is projected that by 2031, Thailand will reach the highest level of an aging society, with over 28% of the population being elderly. Elderly individuals over the age of 65 often face dementia. Promoting health literacy among the elderly to prevent dementia is a method that can enhance the elderly’s ability to care for their health. Developing and enhancing people's potential encompasses fostering health literacy. Therefore, the researcher is interested in developing a health literacy enhancement model to prevent dementia in the elderly, with the objectives of 1) studying the current problems and health literacy for dementia prevention in the elderly; 2) developing a health literacy enhancement model for preventing dementia in the elderly; and 3) studying the effectiveness of the health literacy enhancement model for preventing dementia in the elderly.

Methodology: This action research comprised four steps: (1) Planning; (2) Action; (3) Observation; and (4) Reflection. The sample group consisted of 102 elderly individuals aged 60 and above, without dementia, selected through purposive sampling. The research involved 20 stakeholders. Data was collected using general information questionnaires, health literacy, and health behavior surveys for dementia prevention. The data were analyzed using qualitative data, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and the Paired t-test.

Results: The results indicated that (1) the health literacy and health behaviors of the elderly for dementia prevention in the sample group had a pre-test average at a sufficient level with some correct practices (M = 80.15, SD = 11.62), and health behaviors were at a moderate level (M = 42.35, SD = 6.87). After the intervention, the average health literacy and health behaviors were at a sufficient level with some correct practices (M = 89.34, SD = 10.45), and health behaviors were at a high level (M = 50.09, SD = 6.87). When analyzing the differences in the average scores on knowledge about dementia prevention in the elderly before and after the intervention, it was found that the experimental group’s knowledge about dementia in the elderly was significantly higher after the intervention at the 0.05 level (t = 3.213, p = 0.003). (2) The attitudes of village health volunteers (VHV) towards dementia in the elderly in the sample group showed that the pre-test average attitude score about dementia in the elderly was (M = 60.76, SD = 9.82) and the post-test average attitude score was (M = 72.16, SD = 10.62). The average attitude score after the intervention was significantly higher at the 0.05 level (P-value < 0.05). Regarding knowledge of health care to prevent dementia in the elderly, the sample group of VHVs had a pre-test average health behavior score for dementia prevention at a sufficient level with some correct practices (M = 68.15, SD = 12.26), and after the intervention, the score was at a good level with some correct practices (M = 84.15, SD = 10.45). (3) When analyzing the differences in the average scores of health care knowledge for dementia prevention in the elderly among the VHVs before and after the intervention, it was found that the experimental group’s knowledge on health care for dementia prevention in the elderly was significantly higher at the 0.05 level (t = 2.324, p = 0.001).

Conclusion: The health literacy enhancement model for long-term dementia prevention among the elderly, with family and community participation, revealed that a significant approach to care is the participation process of the family as the primary caregiver. They should possess skills and knowledge in promoting the health of the elderly. Village health volunteers in the community play a role in home visits and reporting health status information. The model of dementia prevention among the elderly through the participation of family health volunteers can be applied and implemented in various contexts or developed for other similar target groups.

The Desired Characteristics of Digital-Age School Administrators Predicting Work Motivation of Teachers Under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office

Ladawan Khiewsupap, Nuttachai Sri-iam, Waraporn Thaima — Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: School administrators play a crucial role as leaders in driving educational management to achieve set goals. Teachers are considered the most important personnel in developing both students and schools to achieve the school's goals, vision, and mission. If teachers have good motivation and morale in performing their duties, the quality of students and school effectiveness will improve accordingly. Therefore, the researcher is interested in analyzing the desirable characteristics of digital-era school administrators that predict teachers' work motivation in schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office.

Methodology: This research is quantitative; the sample group used in this research consisted of teachers under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office. The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan's table (1970), resulting in a sample of 226 teachers from a total population of 356 teachers. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The statistics used for data analysis included descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics, including Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.

Results: 1) Regarding the desirable characteristics of school administrators under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office, it was found that the overall mean of desirable characteristics of school administrators was at a high level. 2) Regarding the work motivation of teachers under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office, it was found that the overall mean of work motivation was at a high level. 3) The analysis using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient revealed that all variables had positive correlations, with moderate to high relationship strength, with teachers' work motivation at a statistical significance level of.05 4) The analysis of factors influencing teachers' work motivation in schools under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bueng Kum District Office, using multiple regression analysis, revealed that four desirable characteristics - moral and ethical qualities, technological vision, personality traits, and academic knowledge - accounted for 63.30 percent (R² = 0.633) of teachers' work motivation at a statistical significance level of.05

Conclusion: These characteristics have significant positive effects on teachers' work motivation, which will be beneficial for developing school administrators' characteristics to meet the demands of the digital era and effectively promote teachers' work motivation, ultimately leading to overall educational quality improvement.

The Study of Needs Assessment on Authentic Assessments of Blended Learning

Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Assessment based on actual conditions that are consistent with learner behavior under the concept of blended learning. It aims to combine the best features of classroom teaching and online teaching. The purpose of this research is to investigate the requirements for authentic assessments of blended learning.

Methodology: The sample group in this research consisted of 400 participants, including school administrators and teachers, selected through multistage random sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and evaluated needs with the Priority Needs Index (PNI_modified).

Results: The results of the research found that in ranking the needs assessment for authentic assessment in blended learning, all expected conditions are rated at the highest level, while actual conditions are rated as good across all areas. Considering the Priority Needs Index (PNI_modified), the most urgent need for improvement in teachers’ authentic assessment of blended learning is in the context of assessment (PNI_modified = 0.199), followed by the role of students in authentic assessments of blended learning (PNI_modified = 0.197), and the scoring process in authentic assessments of blended learning (PNI_modified = 0.195), respectively.

Conclusion: The urgent need for improvement in the authentic assessment of blended learning lies in the areas of assessment context, student roles, and scoring processes.

Guideline for Driving Small Schools to Gain Acceptance under Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Patcharida Phonsombat, Siriporn Thongkeaw, Subin Yurarach — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: His Majesty King Vajiralongkorn prioritizes educational development, aiming to develop Thai people into well-rounded individuals with essential skills for the 21st-century digital era. Educational management must adapt by applying technology. Currently, small schools, which comprise over 50% of all schools under the Office of Basic Education Commission, frequently encounter resource shortages due to allocations based on institutional size. A study of schools under Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 found that management and academic achievement require urgent development regarding digital technology changes, administrative roles, and various readiness aspects. The researcher is therefore interested in studying guidelines for driving small schools toward acceptance. This research aims to 1) study the current conditions of resource readiness, administrative roles, and internal quality assurance of schools under Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, 2) analyze the effects of resource readiness, administrative roles, and quality assurance in the digital era that influence driving small schools toward acceptance, and 3) propose guidelines for driving small schools to build confidence and gain acceptance.

Methodology: This study employs mixed-methods research. The population and sample consisted of administrators from 64 small schools under Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, with a total population of 64 people, using the entire population as the study unit. Data collection was conducted using quantitative research methods, followed by multiple regression analysis, and guidelines were developed using qualitative research through in-depth interviews.

Results: The research findings revealed that 1) resource readiness, administrative roles, and quality assurance in the digital era under Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 were overall at a high level; 2) driving small schools toward acceptance under Prachinburi Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 was overall at a moderate level; 3) guidelines for driving small schools showed a low positive correlation (r_xy = 0.335) with statistical significance at.01 level; 4) multiple regression analysis found that small school readiness (X₁) and internal quality assurance in the digital era (X₃) were factors significantly affecting guidelines for driving small schools.

Conclusion: Small school readiness (X1) and internal quality assurance in the digital era (X3) were factors significantly affecting guidelines for driving small schools.

Guideline for Development Towards a Happy Organization of The Namtao Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bangban District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province

Rattana Kraichitt, Kamalas Yaowanit, Pisak Kalyanamitra — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Civil servants and hired employees of the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization totaled 43 people. In the past, it was found that the Happiness at work of Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization employees has continuously decreased. Due to the current work situation with heavier responsibilities, employee debt problems are considered the main problem. And undermines operations the most, causing Employees to lack morale at work. Quality of life decreases. Income is not enough to cover expenses. This caused employees to borrow money and some to work to earn extra income. As a result, the employees' dedication to performing their duties is not complete, resulting in a decrease in work performance. The objectives of this research were 1) to study the level of the organization of happiness of the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Ban District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province 2) to study factors related to the organization of happiness of the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Ban District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province 3) To study the development guidelines for a happy organization of the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Bang Ban District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province.

Methodology: The sample group in this research included 40 civil servants and hired employees of the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization, and the statistics used in data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

Results: The average value of a happy organization is 4.31, separated into areas from highest to lowest as follows: Good family aspect, followed by knowledge seeking aspect, calm side, good health, Love aspect of work, Relationships at work, Factors in quality of life at work, Organizational leadership factors. They are related to a happy organization. At a significance level of 0.05, the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization must improve health. This must make you strong both physically and mentally. Because if all civil servants and employees have good physical health, they will have good minds. Ready to deal with problems that come your way very well. Good health is related to workplace relationship factors. Shared values of the organization include love of work and quality of life at work. Guidelines for development in all 4 areas: All civil servants and employees hired by the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization must have the values of working together. Values determine a person's expression or behavior at work. Which influences attitudes, Expectations, and Satisfaction, including the working environment. When personnel of the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization share values, there is cooperation and working together well in the organization. There is mutual assistance. Warmth and generosity, and having a friendly atmosphere, cause acceptance. Build good relationships with supervisors and coworkers. Causes love in the work. Quality of life at work has improved. It has a positive impact on both the individual and the organization. Personnel have a good feeling about their work, are stable, and it makes them happy.

Conclusion: The results of the study found that Factors affecting the happy organization of Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization. Overall, it is at a high level in every aspect. When considering each aspect, it was found that the factor with the highest average value was organizational leadership, followed by workplace relations. Shared values of the organization, Quality of life at work, and the aspect with the least value is love of work, respectively, the organization's happiness in the Nam Tao Subdistrict Administrative Organization. Overall, it is at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the aspect with the highest average value was good family, followed by the knowledge seeking aspect, the peaceful aspect, the kind-hearted aspect, the good society aspect, the debt-free aspect, the relaxation aspect, and the aspect with the least average value was the aspect of good health, according to number.

The Development Musical Skills of Early Childhood by Organizing Learning Experiences using Music Activities According to Dalcroz's Concept

Kittisak Siengdee, Anchalee Bunjantuek — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The process of teaching music according to Dalcroz's concept. It helps early childhood children learn good music by starting with listening and movement, accompanied by music. This is a relationship between the ears that hear and the body that feels and moves in response to music, thus making children understand music more. And can develop musical skills, to further develop the knowledge at a higher level in early childhood. Research objectives 1) To develop learning experiences using music activities according to Dalcroz's concept to meet the efficiency criterion of 80/80. 2) To compare the musical skills of early childhood children after organizing learning experiences using music activities according to Dalcroz's concept, compared to the 70% criterion. 3) To study the satisfaction of early childhood children with learning experiences using music activities according to Dalcroz's concept.

Methodology: The sample group studied was 3rd-year early childhood children in the regular curriculum. At Ramkhamhaeng University Demonstration School (Elementary level), a total of 25 people were surveyed by the researcher using group random sampling. The tools used include 1) musical activities according to the Dalcroz concept, 2) a musical skill assessment form and criteria for evaluating musical skills for early childhood children, and 3) a questionnaire on the satisfaction of early childhood children with music activities according to the Dalcroz concept. Data were analyzed using average values. Standard deviation, percentage, and test the research hypothesis using the t-test, one-sample statistics.

Results: The results of the study found that 1) the effectiveness of music activities according to the Dalcroz concept has an efficiency value of 83.78/84.89, which is higher than the specified efficiency criteria of 80/80. 2) Musical skills of early childhood children who receive music activities according to the Dalcroze concept. Higher than the 70 percent threshold with statistical significance at the .05 level, with an average score of 46.60, equivalent to 77.67 percent. And 3) early childhood children towards musical activities according to Dalcroz's concept ( = 4.65, S.D = 0.53) classified as having the highest level of satisfaction.

Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the use of music activities according to Dalcroz's concept helps develop the musical skills of early childhood children. Measured by the results of the assessment of early childhood children's musical skills, activities exceeding the set 70% threshold. And early childhood children are satisfied with music activities according to Dalcroz's concept.

Appropriate Legal Measures for Restaurants Selling Alcoholic Beverages in the Situation of Virus Outbreak: Case study of the COVID-19 outbreak in Sakhon Nakorn district

Danainut Jirawattanasomkul, Wannachai Promrak, Nathaporn Jirawattanasomkul — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: During the COVID-19 outbreak, government measures affected restaurants selling alcoholic beverages. The purposes of this research were to 1. Study legal measures that control restaurants that sell alcoholic beverages. 2. Study the context and suitability for preventing the spread of COVID-19 and allowing restaurants to continue operating. 3. Prepare appropriate legal measures for restaurants that sell alcoholic beverages in Mueang District, Sakon Nakhon Province.

Methodology: This research was qualitative research methods that contained document research, an in-depth interview which consists of the stakeholder population of 20 people, including 5 restaurant owners, 5 restaurant managers, 5 shop employees, 3 administrative officers, and 2 public health officers., and focus group that consists of the study population 20 people who were specifically selected, including: 5 owners of large restaurants that sell alcoholic beverages, 5 government officials, 5 academics, and 5 consumers, and the data was analyzed using content analysis methods

Results: The findings of the research are: 1. Laws that control restaurants include: the Communicable Diseases Act 2015, Emergency Decree in Emergency Situations 2005, Sakon Nakhon Province Orders, and Ministry of Public Health guidelines. 2) They can operate their restaurants with public health measures to prevent the spread. There must be advance notification and compensation money given to the shop by clearly specifying the rate. 3) Appropriate measures include regulations that stakeholders participated in, the category of compensation, and the punishment section for violations.

Conclusion: The research suggests guidelines for Sakon Nakhon Province to consider adopting legal measures for restaurants that sell alcoholic beverages in the event of an epidemic situation by involving stakeholders, leading to further research work regarding creating appropriate measures in the epidemic situation for entertainment venues.

Application of QR Code to Reduce Time and Cost of Inventory Control: A Case Study of Medical Supplies Co., Ltd.

Nattawan Khunsit, Supachree Suphariyagul — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: In the rapidly evolving digital era, traditional inventory management in pharmaceutical businesses faces numerous challenges, particularly regarding operational delays, data management errors, and high operational costs, which directly impact organizational efficiency and competitiveness. The application of QR codes in inventory management represents a crucial solution to these challenges, especially in pharmaceutical businesses requiring high accuracy and systematic product tracking. This research aims to study and develop a QR code application for inventory management, using Pharmaceutical Medical Company Limited as a case study. The objectives were: (1) to study current inventory management problems, (2) to design and develop a QR code application for pharmaceutical inventory management, (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of QR code application implementation, and (4) to develop guidelines for QR code application adoption in pharmaceutical businesses.

Methodology: This mixed-methods research collected qualitative data through in-depth interviews with 15 executives and employees and participatory observation, while quantitative data was gathered from system implementation trials. Research instruments were validated for content validity IOC = 0.87 and reliability = 0.92. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.

Results: (1) three major problems: slow operational processes, inefficient data management, and high costs; (2) the developed system comprised three modules: QR code scanning system (99.8% accuracy), warehouse management system, and reporting and analysis system; (3) post-implementation results showed 66.7-85.0% reduction in processing time, 33.3-82.4% cost reduction, and increased accuracy to 98%; (4) implementation guidelines included preparation, pilot implementation, and system enhancement.

Conclusion: The research contributed knowledge that integrating QR code technology with modern inventory management can significantly improve operational efficiency. Success factors included user-friendly system design, personnel preparation, and systematic implementation.

Innovative Wastewater Management with Drainage Trough, Underground Water Bank System with Dual Manholes

Prasit Nonthasen, Pramuk Srichaiwong, Kamonphun Nonthasen — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Water consumption and wastewater are issues that can be resolved through effective management, utilizing engineering processes and community participation. The innovation of a "dual-chamber underground water bank drainage channel" was developed from a prototype research on wastewater, sewage, and flood management in Ban Khok Kong, Chaiyaphum Province. This knowledge was transferred to the Ban Huay Chan community and Na Fai Subdistrict Administrative Organization to sustainably develop and solve water-related problems, emphasizing community participation and integration with the local development plan of Na Fai Subdistrict Administrative Organization.

Methodology: This research is a qualitative study using Participatory Action Research (PAR) with the community. The research tools were divided into three parts: survey, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions.

Results: 38 participants, including Na Fai Subdistrict Administrative Organization members and representatives from 19 villages, were trained in the dual-chamber underground water bank drainage channel system. They gained knowledge about creating this system and developed such drainage system.

Conclusion: The Ban Huay Chan prototype in Na Fai Subdistrict effectively managed wastewater, sewage, and flooding in problematic areas. The Na Fai Subdistrict Administrative Organization has incorporated the dual-chamber underground water bank drainage system into their local development plan.

Digital “Application” Participation of Restaurant Operators Affects the Development of Enterprise Resource Management in Watthana District, Bangkok

Suvimon Punto, Winyoo Phunto, Tosaporn Mahamud — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Objective. When businesses enter the digital age, it is necessary for entrepreneurs to survive. Research in the Watthana District is an important business vehicle in Bangkok. Research on factors affecting the development of human resource quality. Restaurant operations in the Watthana District, Bangkok. Study the working process of the application to develop product quality to increase sales in the restaurant business in Watthana District, Bangkok. Using this research methodology, the restaurant business group joins the "application" in the Watthana District, Bangkok.

Methodology: The scope of the study of the restaurant business group that joined the "application" is quantitative research by collecting questionnaires in the Watthana District, Bangkok, from 150 restaurant business operators. Purposive sampling collected questionnaires from the participating restaurants.

Results: This study found that profit and compensation were appropriate for high costs. Operating profits can create sustainability for entrepreneurs at high levels. This shows that entrepreneurs have profits that are appropriate for the cost. They can operate their businesses. In terms of confidence in the standards of the AI application, understanding between entrepreneurs.

Conclusion: The study concludes that by making a profit commensurate with their high expenses, entrepreneurs guarantee sustainable operations. This fosters mutual understanding among business owners and demonstrates their confidence in AI application standards.

Process of Innovative Skill Development for Academic Administrations under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Bangkok 1

Pimporn Yoosing, Suttipong Boonphadung — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Developing innovation skills is very important for executives in the 21st century. Executives who have innovation skills and can create innovations have a better chance of being successful in management. The purposes of this research were: 1) to study the actual situation, expected conditions, and necessary needs in the development of innovation skills of educational institution administrators. 2) to develop guidelines for developing the innovation skills of educational institution administrators. Under The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Bangkok 1.

Methodology: This research has 2 phases: Phase 1: Study of the actual situation, expected situation, and necessity of innovation skill development of school administrators. The population and sample consisted of school administrators, classified as school directors and deputy school administrators, totaling 220 people. The sample group was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan table, resulting in 140 people. The sample was stratified by school size. Phase 2: Develop guidelines for the innovation skill development of school administrators. The target group was obtained by purposive sampling. The instruments used were questionnaires with a reliability of .98 and structured interviews. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and PNI_Modifiednecessity index. The data from the interviews were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: The results of the research found that 1) The actual situation of educational institution administrators' innovation skills Overall it is overall at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the executives' skills were at a high level in every aspect. As for the expected condition, overall, it is at the highest level. When considering each aspect, it was found that Executives have the highest expectations in every aspect, and the a need for the development of innovation skills of educational institution administrators. The needs index values are arranged in order from highest to lowest, including the innovation management process. Knowledge of digital platform innovation, Knowledge development of educational institution administrators, Problem-solving and application aspects, and working with others. 2) Guidelines for developing innovation skills of educational institution administrators found that the parent agency should support the creation of new knowledge for educational institution administrators. Promote digital administration in educational institutions. Allow administrators to apply digital knowledge and skills in their work, teaching, and learning. Including comprehensive support for budget and equipment for educational institutions.

Conclusion: Guidelines for developing innovation skills of educational institution administrators. The primary agency should support the creation of new knowledge for educational institution administrators. Promote digital administration in educational institutions. Allow administrators to apply digital knowledge and skills in their work, teaching, and learning. Including supporting budget and equipment for educational institutions thoroughly.

The Guideline: Cultural Ecology Entrepreneur Enhancement at Banlamtukkaew Community, Ratsada in Phuket

Chalida Yamsrisuk — Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Improve the level of cultural ecology entrepreneurs in the Ban Laem Tukkae Community, Ratsada District, Mueang District, Phuket Province. The tradition of cultural ecology entrepreneurs. Protecting the local wisdom of the Ban Laem Tukkae community is very important. For example, Rong Ngeng’s traditional and floating traditions aim to enhance local ecological and cultural entrepreneurs and work with local people to expand their achievements. The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines for cultural ecology entrepreneurs in the Ban Laem Tukkae Community, Ratsada Street, Muang District, Phuket Province.

Methodology: The qualitative research and collected data involved 20 persons for key informants, including the leader, the cultural ecology entrepreneurs, and other people.

Results: Research finding is beneficial coexistence between humans and nature related to ecological entrepreneurship, culture, and local wisdom. The Strength was protecting the environment, the weakness was globalization in the community, the opportunity was promoting cultural ecology entrepreneurs in the local community, and the threat was community adaptation in society.

Conclusion: The Entrepreneurial Cultural Ecology Enhancement Banlamtukkaew community Ratsada in Phuket. To require: By conveying meaning, protecting and achieving sustainable development through the flow of contemporary culture and inheriting the common heritage of people in society; Career, Food, Rong-Ngene Actors.

Personal Finance Management of the Working Population in Suphanburi

Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: For working individuals, personal finance management is crucial because it ensures efficient income distribution to cover current expenses, save for future objectives, and mitigate financial risks. By facilitating well-informed decision-making and wealth accumulation, it promotes financial stability, reduces stress levels, and enhances overall quality of life. This research aims to 1) survey and summarize the opinions of working-age people in Suphan Buri Province on environmental factors in their lives, lifestyle behaviors, and personal financial management; and 2) analyze and summarize the influence of environmental factors in their lives and lifestyle behaviors on personal financial management of working-age people in Suphan Buri Province. The study focuses on environmental factors in their lives and lifestyle behaviors.

Methodology: The sample group used in the research consists of 300 people selected by convenient random sampling. The data were analyzed using hypothesis testing statistics at a confidence level of 0.95.

Results: The findings reveal that environmental factors have a Beta value of 0.35, a t-value of 3.20, and a P-value of 0.002, indicating a significant moderate influence on personal financial management. Lifestyle behaviors show a higher influence, with a Beta value of 0.38, a t-value of 3.85, and a P-value of 0.001, signifying a substantial impact on financial management practices. In addition, the analysis also shows an R-squared of 0.68, indicating that these two factors explain 68% of the variance in personal financial management, with a 95% confidence level. These results highlight the importance of developing and promoting financial management skills among working individuals, allowing them to make sound financial plans and achieve financial stability in the future.

Conclusion: The results, which together explain 68% of the variation in financial practices, highlight the important roles that lifestyle choices and environmental influences play in determining personal financial management. Encouraging these abilities in working people is crucial to long-term stability and prudent financial planning.

A study on the Academic Leadership of School Administrators Affecting the Students' Learning Skills in the 21st Century under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Chonburi, Rayong

Apinya Ngamdee, Ruangurai Setsungnoen, Supannee Samarnyat — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The Development of Education in the Current Era Requires School Administrators with Academic Leadership to Advance and Improve the Quality of Schools under the Jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Chonburi-Rayong. The academic leadership of school administrators directly impacts the development of learners’ skills, particularly essential 21st-century skills, which include critical thinking, problem-solving, innovation creation, and effective communication. This research aims to 1) Study the academic leadership of school administrators under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Chonburi-Rayong. 2) Study the 21st-century learning skills of students under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Chonburi-Rayong. 3) Examine the academic leadership of school administrators and its effect on the 21st-century learning skills of students under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Chonburi-Rayong.

Methodology: This study is a quantitative research project with a sample group of school administrators and teachers under the Chonburi and Rayong Secondary Educational Service Area Office for the 2024 academic year, totaling 381 participants selected through multi-stage sampling. The research tool was a questionnaire, and data were collected using an online survey. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis.

Results: 1) The analysis of academic leadership among school administrators, based on the perspectives of administrators and teachers in schools under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office of Chonburi and Rayong, revealed that the aspects of learning management, vision, mission, and goal-setting, instructional supervision, and creating a learning atmosphere were rated at the highest level. Meanwhile, curriculum management was rated at a high level. 2) The analysis of 21st-century learning skills of students in schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office of Chonburi and Rayong showed that students demonstrated skills in technology, media, and information literacy, as well as life and career skills, and learning and innovation skills at a high level. 3) The analysis of the relationship between academic leadership of school administrators and its impact on students 21^st 21st-century learning skills revealed a positive and strong correlation overall (r = 0.697, p < .01). Key aspects of academic leadership significantly influencing students 21st-century learning skills at the .01 level of statistical significance included curriculum management, learning management, instructional supervision, and creating a learning atmosphere. The multiple correlation coefficient predicting 21st-century learning skills of students under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office of Chonburi and Rayong was 0.775, accounting for 60.00% of the variance in students' 21st-century learning skills.

Conclusion: The academic leadership of school administrators is crucial to students' learning skills in the 21^st century. Therefore, administrators should enhance their potential and emphasize all aspects of student development.

A Study of Influence of Servant Leadership Affecting Life Satisfaction of Teachers in Secondary Schools Having Happy Workplace as a Mediator Variable

Alongkorn Decha, Taweesil Koolnaphadol — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The purposes of this research are as follows: (1) to examine the level of servant leadership among school administrators; (2) to study the level of happy workplace in secondary schools; (3) to assess the level of teacher life satisfaction in secondary schools; and
(4) Investigate the influence of servant leadership on teacher life satisfaction, with a happy workplace serving as a mediator variable.

Methodology: The sample group used in this research consisted of 269 individuals, including school administrators and government teachers under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office of Prachuap Khiri Khan for the academic year 2024. The data collection tool was a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, with a content validity index ranging from 0.60 to 1.00 and an overall reliability score of 0.990. The statistical methods employed for data analysis included mean, percentage, standard deviation, and path analysis.

Results: The research results were as follows: (1) the overall level of servant leadership among school administrators was high, with one of the 10 dimensions rated at the highest level, and nine at a high level; (2) the overall level of happy workplace was high, with one of the eight dimensions rated at the highest level, and seven at a high level; (3) the overall level of teacher life satisfaction was high with one of. The five dimensions were rated at the highest level, and four at a high level; (4) path analysis indicated that teacher life satisfaction was directly and indirectly influenced by two causal variables: servant leadership of school administrators and the happy workplace of secondary schools. These influences were statistically significant at the 0.001 level.

Conclusion: According to the study, significant dimensions received the highest ratings, and teacher life satisfaction, a happy workplace, and servant leadership were all highly regarded. Path analysis showed that workplace happiness and servant leadership have a statistically significant impact on teacher life satisfaction, both directly and indirectly.

The Development of A Digital Game to Enhance the English Receptive Skills and Learning Motivation of Mattayomsuksa 3 Students

Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: This research developed and evaluated a digital game to enhance English receptive skills (listening and reading) and motivation among Mattayomsuksa 3 students in Thailand. Despite efforts to improve English education, students face challenges with receptive skills due to limited exposure and traditional methods. The objectives were to develop the digital game, validate its effectiveness, compare its impact with conventional methods, and analyze its influence on learning motivation.

Methodology: The study used a mixed-methods approach with a pre-test and post-test control group design, alongside qualitative interviews. The experimental group used a digital game on the Roblox platform, while the control group received traditional instruction.

Results: After six weeks, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in receptive skills, with a mean increase of 15 points compared to 11.34 points in the control group (p < 0.05). Interviews indicated the game increased motivation, particularly due to its competitive and interactive design. These findings suggest that digital game-based learning effectively improves receptive skills and engagement. Future research should explore productive skills, long-term effects, and broader applications in education.

Conclusion: Through interactive and competitive components, digital game-based learning dramatically improves students' motivation and receptive skills. Future research should look at how it affects long-term educational outcomes and productive skills.

Requesting Information from the Government: A Case Study of a Dispute Involving a Government Official Issuing an Order Prohibiting Disclosure of Official Information

Surasak Plodjinda — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act B.E. 2539, Section 31, stipulate that the parties have the right to request to inspect documents from the government agency that has official information for contesting, clarifying, or defending their rights. If a government official issues an order not to disclose information, it is a reason for the parties to exercise their right to file a lawsuit with the Administrative Court to have the government official disclose the information. However, at present, the Supreme Administrative Court’s ruling considers that if a government agency has not specified the procedures and methods for not disclosing information in its possession, and the government agency issues an order not to disclose the information, the parties or the petitioner must exercise their rights under the Official Information Act B.E. 2540 to appeal the order not to disclose official information to the Official Information Commission before filing a lawsuit with the Administrative Court. This paper aims (1) to study the rights of petitioners requesting the disclosure of government information in the possession of government agencies, regarding how the Administrative Procedure Act B.E. 2539 (1996) and the Official Information Act B.E. 2540 (1997) are enforced. 2) To study the Supreme Administrative Court's judgment in cases where petitioners have requested the right to request government information and government agencies have not disclosed the information.

Methodology: By bringing up the case of a dispute of a judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court, Department of Public Administration, regarding a dispute regarding a government official issuing an unlawful order, in the case of a government agency not disclosing government information to a person requesting to inspect and copy documents, the ruling from legal principles from the resolution of the general meeting of the Supreme Administrative Court judges, including books and academic documents on the website.

Results From the judgment, which is called the resolution of the Supreme Administrative Court, which is used as a guideline for the process of the petitioner requesting to inspect and copy official documents and the use of discretion of the government agency if it does not disclose the official information in its possession, it appears that 1) The Official Information Act B.E. 2540 is a law that specifies the steps or methods for resolving distress or damage caused by the actions of government agencies or government officials who have issued an order or resolution not to disclose official information specifically. 2) Although the provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act B.E. 2539, Section 31, stipulate the rights of the parties to request to inspect documents from the government agency that has official information for arguing, clarifying, or defending their rights, the Official Information Act B.E. 2540 has a guarantee of fairness or standards in the performance of official duties if it appears that the government agency refuses to disclose official information by requiring the petitioner to appeal the order or resolution not to disclose to the Information Disclosure Decision Committee before filing a lawsuit with the Administrative Court. To remedy the distress of the petitioner promptly. 3) The petitioner's right to inspect and copy documents from government agencies is an exercise of the right to request other government information according to Section 11, paragraph one of the Government Information Act B.E. 2540. 4) A government agency issues an order not to disclose government information. The reason why the information cannot be disclosed must be specified according to Sections 14 and 15 of the Government Information Act B.E. 2540. 5) A government agency does not specify the steps and methods for disclosing government information. The criteria and methods specified in the Government Information Act B.E. 2540 must be applied.

Conclusion: The Official Information Act of 1997 is a law that stipulates procedures or methods for resolving distress or damage to those who submit requests to inspect and copy documents from government agencies in cases where government agencies or government officials have issued orders or resolutions not to disclose government information within a reasonable time. It also has criteria to ensure fairness for the requester or has standards for the government agency issuing the order to adhere to in good government practice before filing a lawsuit with the Administrative Court.

Development of a Household Accounting Program for Managing Income and Expenses and Displaying Results in Graphical Form

Natthawat Maphermphon, Somjai Teekhan, Pinyaphat Promma, Kritsada Maneesri — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The creation of a household accounting program is essential for giving people the skills they need to properly manage their money by giving them the means to precisely track, analyze, and visualize their income and expenses. For greater economic stability, it encourages financial literacy and well-informed decision-making. This research aims to: 1) develop a household accounting program capable of easily recording and managing personal income and expense data, and 2) study and analyze user satisfaction with the developed program.

Methodology: The program was tested with a sample group of 50 users selected through purposive sampling, as the research specifically targets individuals interested in and directly related to personal financial management. A questionnaire was used to evaluate satisfaction across various aspects of the system.

Results: The research findings revealed that the developed household accounting program functioned fully as designed. Users were able to easily record income and expense data, and the program provided visual representations in the form of bar and line graphs to assist in analyzing and comparing income and expenses over different periods. Calculations of total income, expenses, and remaining balances were accurate and quick. From the satisfaction evaluation of 50 users, it was found that users were satisfied at a level of "high" to "very high," particularly in the speed of data recording (mean 4.60, SD 0.58) and the convenience of retrieving past data (mean 4.55, SD 0.60). Additionally, the ease of use of the user interface (mean 4.50, SD 0.65) and the graphical representation of data (mean 4.40, SD 0.68) also received high satisfaction scores.

Conclusion: With its precise computations and user-friendly features like graphical data representation, the household accounting program successfully fulfilled design requirements. High user satisfaction demonstrates its effectiveness, usability, and usefulness in financial record management.

Problem of Law on Expropriation and Acquisition of Immovable Property: A Case Study of the Period in Operation of the Committee to Perform the Duty of Determining the Initial Price of Immovable Property and Compensation

Tripecth Jitmahuema, Patcha Jitmahuema, Natthaphon Anchan — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The Act on Expropriation and Acquisition of Immovable Property B.E. 2562 (2019), Section 21, Paragraph One, and Paragraph Two, has a significant legal problem: when the official has appointed the committee to perform the duty of determining the initial price of immovable property and compensation, but the work of the committee has not been completed within the period of one hundred and eighty days from the date of appointment as provided in Section 21, paragraph one. Later, the approval was given to extend the period by another ninety days. However, the committee has not completed its duties within the period determined in Section 21, paragraph two. In this case, can the said committee continue to perform its duties? How? And what should be done to have a legal effect? This research aims to find ways to amend and improve the Act on Expropriation and Acquisition of Immovable Property B.E. 2562 (2019) under Section 21. The results will lead to the amendment of the period of the operation for the committee to perform the duty of determining the initial price of immovable property and compensation.

Methodology: This study is qualitative research by searching books, textbooks, theses, research articles, academic articles, and other documents related to the law on expropriation and acquisition of immovable property, including the decisions of the Supreme Administrative Court, the Supreme Court, and the Committee of the Council of State. This research aims to study the issues related to the performance of the committee in performing the duty of determining the initial price of immovable property and compensation. This research has research processes by studying and collecting such data and comparing the obtained data with foreign laws, along with legal concepts and theories, to find an answer consistent with the legal principles of expropriation and acquisition of immovable property.

Result: This research found that the problems related to the determination of the initial price of immovable property under Section 21 are the issues under Section 21, paragraphs one and two, which provide that the committee performs the duty of determining the initial price of immovable property and compensation (the committee) shall determine the initial price of immovable property within the area of the land be expropriated within one hundred and eighty days from the date of appointment, which is under Section 21, paragraph one. Section 21, paragraph two, provides that in the event of necessity and the committee cannot determine the initial price of immovable property within the provided period, to solve the problem, the Minister may approve an extension of the period not exceeding ninety days by making an announcement and notifying the reasons for the extension. This research is consistent with and in line with the objectives of this research, which aims to address the issues in Section 21 as mentioned above.

Conclusion: If the provisions of Section 21, paragraph 4, and Paragraph Five are amended according to the suggestion of this research, the problems that have arisen shall be resolved. The committee shall be able to perform the duty to determine the initial price of immovable property and compensation within the area of land to be expropriated to complete and achieve the objectives of the expropriation. It will enable the expropriated persons, who are the owners or possessors of the immovable properties, to be compensated by receiving compensation for the expropriation of the immovable property, and it shall help alleviate the suffering of the expropriated persons, who are the ones who sacrifice for the general interest.

A Study Of Learning Achievement On Fun with Electricity Learning Unit and Scientific Process Skills Of Grade 6 Students Using 7E Learning Cycle with Predict-Observe-Explain Techniques

Patthanan Chueafang, Wasana Keeratichamrorn — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Learning management using the 7E learning cycle and predict-observe-explain techniques is learning management to develop learning achievement and scientific process skills to a higher level, which uses the 7E learning cycle to enhance students' ability to seek knowledge by themselves and connect their previous knowledge with new knowledge. Using the predict-observe-explain technique lets the students observe and predict what will happen by using reason, and then explain and compare the similarities or differences between the prediction and observation. The purposes of this study were to 1) compare learning achievement before and after learning using the 7E learning cycle with predict-observe-explain techniques. 2) Compare learning achievement after learning using the 7E learning cycle with predict-observe-explain techniques, with a criterion of 70 percent. and 3) compare scientific process skills before and after learning using the 7E learning cycle with predict-observe-explain techniques.

Methodology: The sample group of this study was 17 students of grade 6 in the first academic year of 2024 at Bannoonsansuk School, Nadi district, Prachinburi province. The sample was selected using cluster random sampling. The research instruments were 1) lesson plans 4 lessons with a total of 12 hours, with accuracy between 0.67-1.00. 2) achievement test, the difficulty value is between 0.50-0.72 the discriminatory power value is between 0.56-1.00 and the confidence value is equal to 0.91. and 3) scientific skills test, the difficulty value is between 0.44-0.69, the discriminatory power value is between 0.63-1.00, and the confidence value is equal to 0.95.
Results: The findings of this research were as follows: 1) The learning achievement after was significantly higher than before learning at the .05 level. 2) The learning achievement after was significantly higher than the 70% criterion at the .05 level. 3) The scientific skills after were significantly higher than before learning at the .05 level.

Conclusion: The 7E learning cycle with predict-observe-explain techniques effectively increases the learning achievement of the sample students. The students allowed pupils to explore knowledge on their own to achieve higher learning achievement and scientific process skills.

Housing Management Processes that Influence the Quality of Life of Residents in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project, Bangkok

Worapong Thongput — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Management of the National Housing Authority in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project. The Khlong Chan Community Housing Project is a community with strong participation. However, issues in the management process persist. The researcher aims to study the POSDCORB management process to establish clear and unified guidelines that will enhance the quality of life and foster shared practices within the community. The objectives of this research are: 1) to study the POSDCORB management process in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project, Bangkok. 2) to examine the factors in the POSDCORB management process that influence the quality of life of residents in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project, Bangkok.

Methodology: The sample group for this research consisted of 349 residents of the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project in Bangkok. The sample size was determined using Cochran's (1977) formula for cases where the exact population size is unknown but is known to be large, to estimate the population proportion. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data analysis utilized both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included percentage and standard deviation, while inferential statistics involved Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The study revealed that the overall POSDCORB management process was at a moderate level. Upon analyzing individual aspects, it was evident that the staffing process was of paramount importance. Ensuring sufficient personnel to manage community areas and clearly defining their responsibilities were crucial. Following this, budgeting, directing, organizing, planning, reporting, and coordinating processes were also significant. The overall quality of life of residents was rated at a high level. Among the factors, the mental well-being of community members was found to be particularly significant, highlighting the need for mental health care measures to reduce stress, thereby improving quality of life. This was followed by physical health, social relationships, the environment, and other factors. The study found that different aspects of the POSDCORB management process influenced the quality of life of residents in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project, Bangkok. Specifically, factors such as budgeting, organizing, coordinating, directing, and staffing were statistically significantly correlated with residents' quality of life at the 0.05 level.

Conclusion: The POSDCORB management process in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project was overall rated at a moderate level. The aspect that received the highest level of agreement from the sample group was staffing. Furthermore, five independent variables were found to influence the quality of life of residents in the Khlong Chan Community Housing Project, Bangkok. These variables were organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, and budgeting.

Factors Influencing Chinese Tourists' Decisions to Visit Secondary Destinations in Chiang Rai Province

Weera Weerasophon — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Secondary destination tourism is crucial for distributing income and reducing economic disparities, particularly in Chiang Rai province, which has the potential to attract Chinese tourists via the Silk Road route. This research aims to (1) study Chinese tourists' personal characteristics and travel behaviors and (2) analyze the influence of pull and push factors on their travel decisions.

Methodology: This quantitative research employed multi-stage and convenience sampling to collect data from 475 Chinese tourists using questionnaires. The IOC was 0.80, and reliability was 0.928. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: (1) Most tourists were male, aged 31-40, married, held master's degrees, had high income, preferred traveling via the Silk Road, stayed 1-5 days, and obtained information through KOLs. (2) Both pull and push factors showed high influence, with stress relief and tourist attraction beauty having the highest impact.

Conclusion: Secondary destination tourism development should cater to high-potential Chinese tourists, emphasizing digital communication, Silk Road route development, and creating relaxing cultural experiences.

The Development Model for the Capacity of Village Health Volunteers in Screening of Patients and Risk Communication with Severe Respiratory Disease to Home Isolate in Maha Sarakham Province

Rungrueang Sankosa, Juraporn Krates, Duangtawan Chinnawong — Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact. Thailand's economy, society, and health have all been affected in previously unheard-of ways. There is a public health emergency, specifically the lack of medical staff and beds to treat patients, which forces many patients to receive care at home. As the frontline employees closest to the community, village health volunteers (VHVs) are crucial in promoting the prevention, screening, and assessment of those at risk for treatment and isolation in the family or community. As a result, creating knowledge for VHVs is crucial and required. As a result, a model for maximizing the potential of village health volunteers ought to exist. This article aims to develop a model for developing the potential of village health volunteers in assessing, screening, and communicating the risk of patients with severe respiratory diseases for home isolation in Maha Sarakham Province.

Methodology: This study uses a combination of methodologies. Using the PDCA quality cycle concept, phase 1 qualitative research was conducted to analyze the potential of village health volunteers in screening, assessing, and communicating the risks of patients with severe respiratory disorders for home isolation. To test the research hypothesis and develop a model for enhancing the potential of village health volunteers in screening, risk assessment, and communication of patients with severe respiratory diseases for home isolation, a quantitative research method was used in phase 2 to study the population and sample of 300 people.

Results: (1) To develop the potential of VHWs in screening, evaluation, and risk communication for patients with severe respiratory disease for home isolation, the pertinent target groups took part in each stage of the PDCA quality cycle process. (2) Knowledge and comprehension of severe respiratory disease, role perception, performance, and social support were all factors in the development of the potential for screening and risk assessment for patients with severe respiratory disease. (3) The following variables influenced the possibility of VHW screening and risk assessment in cases of severe respiratory disease: 1) necessary labor abilities; 2) supplies, tools, and assistance; 3) morale; 4) putting policies into action; and 5) the primary health care delivery system. With a multiple regression value of.687, the five predictive variables were statistically significant (p<0.05) and could jointly predict the development of the potential for screening and risk assessment for patients with severe respiratory disease by 60.10 percent (R2=.601, F= 29.739). A model for the development of the potential for screening and risk assessment for patients with severe respiratory disease for home isolation was developed using forecasting experience. In the Province of Maha Sarakham.

Conclusion: Policy recommendations for enhancing the capabilities of village health volunteers may result from the development model for screening and evaluating the danger of home isolation for patients with severe respiratory conditions in Maha Sarakham Province.

The Learning Management Using STEAM Approach to Enhance Innovative Skills for Prathomsuksa 6 Students of Ramkhamhaeng University Demonstration School (Elementary Level)

Kanthakarn Manob, Arinya Suthongsa, Thayida Lertchanadecha — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The teaching and learning approach for Prathomsuksa 6 students often separates subjects into distinct disciplines, focusing on content specified by the curriculum without integration. This lack of interdisciplinary connections leads students to struggle to understand complex and detailed content in some subjects. Consequently, they struggle to create innovative work or new solutions. Moreover, when faced with real-life problems or situations, students cannot rely on a single subject to solve the issue. Instead, they need to integrate knowledge from various disciplines and develop skills to address problems, respond to situations, or create innovative outcomes. The learning management system, utilizing the STEAM approach, emphasizes the integration of knowledge across subjects, fostering creative thinking processes and learning through hands-on experiences. The researcher, therefore, implemented the STEAM approach in science learning to enhance students’ innovative skills and improve their academic achievement in science. This study aimed to: 1) compare Prathomsuksa 6 students’ academic achievement before and after learning through the STEAM approach, 2) examine the innovative skills of Prathomsuksa 6 students after learning through the STEAM approach, and 3) investigate students’ satisfaction with learning through the STEAM approach.

Methodology: The sample group for this study consisted of 30 Prathomsuksa 6/3 students from the Ramkhamhaeng University Demonstration School (Elementary Level) during the first semester of the 2024 academic year. The participants were selected using cluster random sampling, with one classroom as the sampling unit. The research instruments included: 1) Lesson plans based on the STEAM approach for the topic of the digestive system, consisting of 8 plans designed for Prathomsuksa 6 students. 2) Pre-test and post-test assessments measuring academic achievement in the digestive system topic. 3) An innovation skills evaluation form to assess students’ ability to create innovations. 4) A satisfaction questionnaire to evaluate students’ satisfaction with the learning experience using the STEAM approach. The data was analyzed using statistical methods, including mean, standard deviation, and t-test for dependent samples.

Results: The study revealed that: 1) Students’ academic achievement after learning through the STEAM approach was significantly higher than before at the p < 0.05 level of statistical significance. 2) The analysis of students’ innovation skills evaluation indicated a good level of performance. 3) Students expressed a high level of satisfaction with the STEAM-based learning approach.

Conclusion: The learning management using the STEAM approach improved the academic achievement of Prathomsuksa 6 students and enhanced their innovation skills. Additionally, it provided students with opportunities to practice group collaboration, problem-solving, and critical thinking. This approach enabled them to effectively connect their learning to real-life applications.

The Development of Learning Achievement and Working Process Skills on the Crafts Topic of Home Economics Using Project-based Learning for Grade 6 Students

Parichat Niamchuchuen, Adisorn Bansong — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The study of the issues about organizing learning activities in the Home Economics subject for primary 6 students in the second semester of the 2022 academic year, it was found that the students had low academic performance and lacked work skills. The objective of this research was to compare the academic achievement of primary 6 students before and after learning, using a project-based approach on the topic of handicrafts in the Occupational Education subject. It also aimed to compare the work process skills of the students after learning through the project-based approach in the topic of handicrafts in the Home Economics subject, with a 75% criterion.

Methodology: By Cluster Random Sampling. The study utilized lesson plans based on Project-based Learning, an achievement test, and a work process skill assessment form. Data were analyzed using a dependent t-test, mean, and standard deviation.

Results: The results found that (1) The learning achievement of Grade 6 students after using Project-based Learning was significantly higher than before at the .05 level of significance. (2) The students' work process skills exceeded the 75% criterion with statistical significance at the .05 level of significance.

Conclusion: (1) The academic achievement by using project-based learning management of primary 6 students post-test is statistically significantly higher than pre-test at level .05, which is according to the established assumption. (2) The students have process skills higher than the 75% criteria, which is in line with the established assumptions. It can be described that they are participating in a group and exchanging knowledge and explanations with friends in the group, establishing unity, and encouraging students to be more interested and involved in the classroom. All of these, students know to enter the classroom before class discussion and have enough knowledge to extend the lesson content to actual practice, which creates satisfaction for students.

The Model for Collaborative Leadership Development of School Administrators under Maha-Sarakham Provincial Administrative Organization

Nilubon Phumphatcharachaiwong, Pongphop Phoojomjit, Kritkanok Duangchatom — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: School administrators must possess the ability to foster collaboration and mutual support to achieve common goals, which can be measured through trust, organizational commitment, and a shared vision. They must also be able to encourage participation among staff members. Therefore, this research aims to: 1. Study the elements and indicators of collaborative leadership of school administrators. 2) to study the current situation, the desirable condition, the needs assessment, and the collaborative leadership of school administrators. 3) Create a model for developing collaborative leadership of school administrators. 4) to study the results of using the model for developing collaborative leadership of school administrators.

Methodology: The research was divided into four phases: Phase 1 studied components and indicators of collaborative leadership of school administrators. The key informant group was 5 experts to confirm the components and indicators. Phase 2) studied the current situation, the desirable condition, and the needs assessment of collaborative leadership of school administrators. The sample group consisted of 205 school administrators and teachers. The research tool was a questionnaire with a reliability of .87. Data were analyzed by means and standard deviation. Phase 3: Create a model for developing collaborative leadership of school administrators. The key informant group was 6 experts to study best practices, and 9 experts to confirm the model by connoisseurship. Phase 4 studied the results of using the model for developing collaborative leadership of school administrators. The target groups were 20 school administrators under the Maha-Sarakham Provincial Administrative Organization.

Results: 1. The components and indicators of collaborative leadership of school administrators consisted of 4 components, including: Relationship, Team Collaboration, Communication, Trust, and Share Vision. 2. The overall current condition is at a high average level. The overall desirable condition was at the highest mean level. The needs assessment was ranked from highest to lowest: 1. Trust, 2. Share Vision 3. Communication, 4. Team Collaboration and 5. Relationship. 3. The development model consists of four modules as follows: Module 1, Relationship, Module 2, Team Collaboration, Module 3, Communication, Module 4, Trust, and Module 5, Share Vision. The overall assessment of the model's suitability, feasibility, and usefulness is at the highest level. 4. The results from using the model; 4.1 After the development, the overall level of collaborative leadership of school administrators was at the highest average level. 4.2 Participants in the development program expressed the highest level of satisfaction with the use of the model.

Conclusion: Collaborative leadership of school administrators refers to behaviors in carrying out their duties through effective communication and relationships with individuals within the school and other organizations. It involves cooperation, unity, and voluntary efforts to achieve shared goals, including joint decision-making and shared responsibility for outcomes. Collaborative leadership consists of five key components: Trust, Share vision, Communication, Team collaboration, and Relationship.

Building Human Resource Capabilities for Modern Market Growth

Nannnalin Chaianandech, Sukanya Noimor — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: This academic article aims to present the story of modern marketing and its relevance to human resource work. It is a story that today's entrepreneurs or business leaders face the challenge of delivering efficiency for solving problems due to the current rapid technological changes, changing customer needs, or fierce competition.

Methodology: Planning that occurs in the present time is expected to increase in the coming years with faster technology development, customer needs and satisfaction, and changes in the way people work. To analyze the qualitative analysis and review of literature related to human resource management in the digital age, including the development of the concept of human capital capability that plays an important role in the growth of organizations, and respond to changes in technology and consumer behavior. In addition, the conceptual frameworks from Dynamic Capability and Resource-Based View (RBV) are used as theoretical frameworks to explain that human resources can be a source of competitive advantage.

Results: Development and enhancement of human resource capabilities that respond to the needs of the modern market. From the synthesis and presentation in this article, the author found that the ability of personnel to learn, adapt, and innovate plays an important role in the competitiveness of the organization. In addition, integrating human resource strategies with modern marketing approaches helps to achieve sustainable growth.

Conclusion: Human resource management and marketing are two key components that must work together to achieve balanced and sustainable organizational development. In the era of digital economy and fierce competition, the ability to develop human resources to respond to market trends and customer needs is a key factor that allows businesses to grow and create competitive advantages. Integrating human resource development approaches with marketing strategies will help build organizations that can respond to industry changes and lead to long-term success.

Innovative Leadership of School Administrators under the Pathum Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Nuttinan Foyfon, Nissara Pronsurivong — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Innovative leadership is a crucial aspect of driving educational institutions toward success amidst constant changes. School administrators play a vital role in managing education and enhancing the potential of personnel, particularly by encouraging staff to change their work behaviors and think creatively in developing new approaches or creating modern innovations that meet the institution's needs. Leaders must utilize their skills and abilities to influence and motivate personnel by fostering an environment that supports innovation processes, ultimately adding value and improving efficiency in both work and services. Furthermore, they contribute to increasing the value of educational outcomes, ensuring long-term success. Therefore, the purpose of this research is: 1. Study the innovative leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Pathum Thani 2. Compare the innovative leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Pathum Thani 3. Study the guidelines for enhancing innovative leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Pathum Thani.

Methodology: The sample group used in the research was 322 school administrators and teachers who were responsible for managing learning in schools under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 1, Pathum Thani, in the academic year 2024. The sample group was determined by opening the Krejcie and Morgan table (Krejcie & Morgan 1970), stratified sampling method according to school size, and random sampling of schools by simple random sampling with lottery. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data analysis included percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and F-test.

Results: The research findings are as follows: 1. Innovative leadership of school administrators in the Office of the Primary Education Service Area 1, Pathum Thani, overall, the level of opinions was at a high level. When considering each aspect, the aspect with the highest average value was teamwork and participation, with a high level of opinions. Next was creativity, with a high level of opinions. The aspect with the lowest average value was creating an innovative organizational atmosphere, with a high level of opinions. 2. Teachers with different genders, education levels, work experience, and school sizes had different levels of opinions on innovative leadership of school administrators in the Office of the Primary Education Service Area 1, overall, with statistical significance at the .01 level. However, teachers with different positions had different levels of opinions on the innovative leadership of school administrators overall. 3. Guidelines for strengthening innovative leadership of school administrators in the Pathum Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, there are 7 areas and 21 guidelines.

Conclusion: The study found that administrators and teachers have differing opinions regarding the behavioral leadership of school administrators when classified by gender, educational level, work experience, and school size. However, there is no difference in opinion based on position.

Development of Creative Tourism Activities Based on Community Capital, Banwan Tourism Community, Namkham Sub-district, Mueang Sisaket District, Sisaket Province

Pimpila Kongkhaw — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Ban Wan Tourism Community is recognized as a religious and cultural tourism destination with the potential to be elevated into a creative tourism hub by leveraging community assets. This development aims to meet the evolving needs of contemporary tourists while aligning with economic development that considers a balance among economic, social, cultural, and environmental dimensions. The objectives of this research are twofold: (1) to explore the potential for creative tourism based on community assets and (2) to design creative tourism activities derived from community resources within Ban Wan Tourism Community, Nam Kham Subdistrict, Mueang Sisaket District, Sisaket Province.

Methodology: This qualitative research employed purposive sampling to select participants. The key informants included: (1) 20 members of the Ban Wan Tourism Community Committee and (2) 18 representatives from government agencies, private sector organizations, community members, and tourists. Research instruments comprised (1) in-depth interview guidelines and (2) semi-structured interview guides. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: The Ban Wan Tourism Community possesses prominent community assets in the form of physical, social, and human capital. Additionally, natural and financial capital further contribute to its potential for creative tourism development. Based on these resources, the following creative tourism activities were identified: (1) crafting religious offering sets for the sacred relic, (2) basket weaving, (3) traditional Lao cuisine preparation, (4) traditional Lao dessert making, (5) weaving traditional Thai loincloths and crafting rainbow-patterned umbrellas, (6) bird and fish watching, (7) traditional massage and relaxation, and (8) participating in almsgiving while wearing traditional Thai attire.

Conclusion: The development of creative tourism activities based on community assets should align with the community’s potential, respond to tourist behavior and preferences, and incorporate characteristics of creative tourism. Specifically, encouraging tourists to engage in cultural and artistic activities with the community fosters memorable experiences, deepens their understanding of the local context, and creates lasting impressions. Such development can enhance the distinctiveness, novelty, and appeal of the destination, thereby increasing the value and competitiveness of the tourism sector.

Factors of Western Cultural Characteristics Affecting University Students’ Lifestyle in China

Cai Yang , Pasana Chularut, Paradee Kambhu Na Ayudhaya — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: In the context of cultural exchange, the clash between Chinese and Western cultures is subtly transforming the lifestyle of Chinese university students. To guide them in establishing a healthy lifestyle and properly understanding the impact of Western culture, this study explores the relationship between their lifestyle and Western values (such as individualism, rationalism, materialism, and competition).

Methodology: To achieve this, a questionnaire survey method was employed, targeting 544 university students from Huanggang Normal University in Hubei Province. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) and other tools were used to measure lifestyle and related variables, and data were analyzed with SPSS.

Results: The results show that the overall lifestyle of Chinese university students is at a moderate level. Individualism, rationalism, and attitudes toward Western culture have significant positive impacts on their lifestyle. In contrast, the effect of competition is negative, while the effect of materialism is not significant.

Conclusion: Therefore, Western cultural values have a bidirectional influence on the lifestyle of Chinese university students, with rationalism and individualism being the primary positive factors, while competition may bring negative effects. It is recommended that universities guide students to adopt a dialectical view of Western culture to promote the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

Developing the Abilities in English Vocabulary, Pronunciation, and Spelling by Phonics Teaching Methods of Grade 4 Students at Chumchonbanbunglert School

Kacha Rungpawaree, Parichart Prasertsang — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The major problem in the pronunciation and spelling of English vocabulary of grade 4 students at Chumchonbanbunglert School, Moeiwadi District, Roi-Et Province, is the lack of understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds. The phonics teaching method provides a systematic approach to help students learn pronunciation and spelling effectively. This study aimed to examine: 1) evaluate the effectiveness of the instructional model based on the 75/75 efficiency criterion; 2) compare students’ English pronunciation and spelling abilities with the 75 percent proficiency benchmark; and 3) compare students’ learning achievement before and after the phonics teaching method.

Methodology: This study employed a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample was selected through cluster random sampling and consisted of 13 grade 4 students from Chumchonbanbunglert School. The research instruments included: 1) lesson plans, 2) an English pronunciation and spelling proficiency assessment, and 3) a learning achievement test. The data were analyzed using percentages, means, standard deviations, and t-test statistics.

Results: The results of this study were: 1) the instructional process demonstrated an efficiency at 85.70/81.03, which was higher than the standard criterion set at 75/75; 2) the English pronunciation and spelling abilities were significantly higher than the 75 percent benchmark, with the statistical significance at the .05 level; and 3) the post-teaching learning achievement scores were significantly higher than the pre-teaching scores, with the statistical significance at the .05 level.

Conclusion: The implementation of the phonics teaching method effectively enhanced the English pronunciation and spelling abilities of grade 4 students. The students gained a clearer understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds, and were able to practice pronunciation and spelling accurately by phonics principles. The results of this study could be applied as a guideline for English language instruction at other educational levels, particularly in kindergarten and early primary education, which is a critical period for foundational language skill development. Furthermore, the results could serve as supporting information for the development and design of English language curricula by integrating the phonics teaching method with a variety of learning activities that are appropriate to the students’ context.

Factors Related to Grade 9 Students’ Achievement in English

Napatthun Tantasen, Darunee Tippayakulpairoj, Kamontip Srihaset — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The achievement in English of grade 9 students is an important part of a teacher’s teaching and learning process. Knowing the factors that contribute to improving students ' English will help teachers and those involved in teaching attract more potential learners and raise their achievement in English. This research has the following purposes: 1) to analyze achievement in English and factors to grade 9 students’ achievement in English. 2) to analyze factors related to grade 9 students’ achievement in English. This research is quantitative.

Methodology: The sample group consisted of 455 grade 9 students in Bangkok by multi-stage random sampling. Then take the data collected. 1) From achievement in the English test to analyze the difficulty value and discrimination power. 2) From the questionnaire to analyze descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, t-test, and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The results found that 1) the achievement in English between students who studied a special lesson and those who did not study a special lesson was not significantly different at the .05 level (t = -2.98, p = 0.70). But when comparing students who received support for learning English from school and the other students who did not, their achievement in English was significantly different at the .05 level including schools that have English boards promoting learning, students’ achievement in English was significantly different at the .05 level (t = -3.13, p < .05). English classrooms have adequate media and equipment to promote knowledge, students' achievement in English was significantly different at the .05 level (t = -2.69, p < .05). The school activities are organized for students to demonstrate their English proficiency, students' achievement in English was significantly different at the .05 level (t = -7.20, p < .05) and that the school sends students to compete in English and other departments, students' achievement in English is significantly different at the .05 level (t = -4.29, p < .05). 2) Basic English knowledge and confidence in learning English accounted for 58.90 percent of the total variance of achievement in English (R² = .589). Basic English knowledge and self-confidence in learning English had a positive correlation and predicted achievement in English at a statistically significantly level of .05. Whereas, study motivation, English study behavior, studying a special lesson, teaching of instructors, family support in learning, school support in learning and income of parents could not predict achievement in English at a statistically significant level of .05.

Conclusion: The English achievement of grade 9 students varies according to the school’s support for English learning for students, such as providing English language knowledge enhancement signs. The classrooms are equipped with adequate English language materials. The activities are organized to promote English language expression for students, and students are sent to participate in English language skills competitions with other organizations. Basic knowledge of English and self-confidence in learning English can be predictive variables of achievement in English.

The Relationship Between Digital Literacy and Financial Literacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Youth in Maha Sarakham Province

Piyawan Yangkham, Nava Masaunjik — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and aim: In the era of digital economy and society, digital literacy and financial literacy are regarded as essential skills that significantly influence youth decision-making in entrepreneurship. This is especially evident in the context of Maha Sarakham Province, which serves as an educational hub in northeastern Thailand. The objectives of this study were: (1) to examine the influence of digital literacy on entrepreneurial intentions among youth in Maha Sarakham Province, and (2) to examine the influence of financial literacy on entrepreneurial intentions among youth in the same context.

Research Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research approach. The sample consisted of 400 youths aged between 14 and 17 years residing in the Mueang District of Maha Sarakham Province. A purposive sampling technique was used, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis to examine the relationship and influence of independent variables on entrepreneurial intention, with the level of statistical significance set at 0.05.

Research Results: The findings revealed that digital literacy, comprising technical, cognitive, and socio-emotional skills, was positively related to and significantly influenced entrepreneurial intention, with a predictive value (R²) of 0.340. Regarding financial literacy, comprising knowledge, behavior, and attitude components, financial attitude exerted the strongest influence on entrepreneurial intention. The model explained 44.4% of the variance in entrepreneurial intention (R² = 0.444), highlighting the importance of financial perspective and attitude in motivating youth toward entrepreneurship.

Conclusion: The results indicate that both digital literacy and financial literacy significantly influence entrepreneurial intentions among youth in Maha Sarakham Province. In particular, socio-emotional digital skills and financial attitude are critical factors that enhance confidence, initiative, and decision-making in youth entrepreneurial pursuits. It is recommended that educational systems and local policy initiatives promote the development of these competencies to cultivate a new generation of capable and motivated entrepreneurs.

The Effects of Circuit Training on Body Mass Index and Percent Body Fat of Female Students

Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and aim: Circuit training is a highly popular exercise method nowadays due to its convenience and effectiveness in building strength and endurance, as well as its ability to visibly reduce body fat. Circuit training combines various types of exercises in each round, with quick transitions between activities, allowing the body to use energy from both strength and endurance training simultaneously. Circuit training has also been recognized as an effective method for reducing body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage. This is consistent with the study by Ji-Woon Kim, Yeong-Chan Ko, Tae-Beom Seo, and Young-Pyo Kim (2018), which found that circuit training positively impacts body composition, particularly by reducing BMI and body fat percentage. Therefore, bodyweight-based circuit training is beneficial for reducing BMI and body fat percentage. This research will provide guidelines for effective and appropriate circuit training programs for students who aim to reduce BMI and body fat percentage. The study will help improve students' physical composition more effectively.

Methodology: This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of circuit training on body mass index and percent body fat of male students aged 18-22 years from the Faculty of Sports Science and Health, Thailand National Sports University, Udon Thani campus. The experimental group consisted of 20 female students using circuit training for 8 weeks, three times per week. Data collection tools included a weight training program (Ji-Woon Kim, Yeong-Chan Ko, Tae-Beom Seo & Young-Pyo Kim, 2018) and a body composition analyzer, Jawon Medical Plus X-scan (UHM-101), utilizing independent sample t-tests for statistical analysis.

Results: The study found that the experimental group, following the circuit weight training program, showed decreased body mass index and percent body fat after the 8-week training period.

Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the participants who underwent resistance training in the form of circuit training for a period of 8 weeks experienced a significant reduction in both body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage.

A Study of the Relationship Between Behaviors According to the Contemplative Education Concept and Work Happiness of Government Teachers in Phutthamonthon Group, Nakhon Pathom Primary Educational Service Area District Office 2

Manita Labhodom, Sudarat Sarnswang — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Teachers' work happiness is a crucial factor affecting educational quality. Happy teachers demonstrate inspiration and commitment to self-development, student development, and teaching innovation. Contemplative education is a concept that connects external knowledge with internal learning, aiming to create a balance between intellectual and mental development while helping reduce teacher stress and burnout. Therefore, this research aims to study: 1) the level of behaviors in applying contemplative education principles, 2) the level of work happiness, and 3) the relationship between behaviors in applying contemplative education principles and work happiness among government teachers in Phutthamonthon Group schools under Nakhon Pathom Primary Educational Service Area Office 2.

Methodology: This quantitative research was conducted using a sample of 117 government teachers. The sample size was determined by the Krejcie and Morgan sampling determination table. The researcher developed a 5-level rating scale questionnaire as a data collection tool, which had a reliability value of .97. Data analysis employed various statistics, including percentage, mean, standard deviation, and relationship analysis using Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results: 1) The overall level of behaviors in applying contemplative education principles among government teachers was high. When considering each aspect individually, the highest practice level was in facing reality principles (𝑥̅ = 4.56, SD = .50). 2) The overall level of work happiness among government teachers was high. When considering each aspect individually, the highest average was in workplace relationships (𝑥̅ = 4.33, SD = .84). 3) The relationship between behaviors in applying contemplative education principles and work happiness among government teachers was found to be positive, with the overall level being very high, statistically significant at the .01 level (r = .854, p < .01).

Conclusion: This research confirms that encouraging teachers to apply contemplative education principles in their lives and work significantly enhances work happiness. The development of teachers' inner minds is crucial to work-life quality. When teachers practice mindful consideration, open their hearts to build good relationships with colleagues, accept reality, demonstrate commitment to work, and create learning communities, they can achieve job satisfaction, success, good quality of life, a supportive organizational culture, meaningful work, and good relationships with colleagues. Therefore, educational institutions and affiliated agencies should promote practical training in contemplative education, create environments conducive to contemplation and collaborative learning, support teachers' internal development, reduce unnecessary workloads, and build learning communities with mutual support, which will directly affect teachers' work happiness and ultimately lead to sustainable educational quality development.

The Development of Creative Advertising Writing Ability of Mathayomsuksa 4 Students at Nongki Pittayakhom School through Creativity-Based Learning with Infographics

Nantanat Dissadam, Wachirarat Nirantechaphat — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Traditional teaching methods may not fully enhance students' creative advertising writing skills. The purposes of this research were 1) to compare the learning achievement in creative advertisement writing before and after implementing Creative-Based Learning (CBL) with infographics. 2) to develop students’ creative advertisement writing ability to meet the 80 percent proficiency criterion, 3) to study students’ satisfaction with the implemented learning model.

Methodology: The sample group consisted of 35 Matthayomsuksa 4 students at Nongki Pittayakom School, selected by simple random sampling during the second semester of the academic year 2024. The research instruments included lesson plans, an achievement test, a creative advertisement writing assessment form, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed using mean (𝑥̅), percentage, standard deviation (S.D.), and t-test for dependent samples.

Results: The research findings revealed that 1) the post-test scores were significantly higher than the pre-test scores at the .05 level, with the pre-test mean score 𝑥̅=35.196, S.D.=2.508 and the post-test mean score 𝑥̅ = 27.266, S.D.=2.856 2) The students’ writing ability score was 91.70%, which was significantly higher than the 80% criterion at the .05 level and 3) students expressed the highest level of satisfaction with the learning model, with an average score 𝑥̅=4.61, S.D.= 0.57 particularly in the teaching methods aspect.

Conclusion: The study found that Creative Writing-Based Learning (CBL) with infographics significantly improved students’ academic performance and creative advertising writing skills. Students exceeded the target achievement criterion, and their satisfaction with the learning approach was high, especially with the teaching methods. This suggests that CBL with infographics is an effective way to enhance creativity and learning outcomes.

Factors Influencing the Decision to Use Credit Cards for Payment at Convenience Stores

Kalsuda Srisuwan, Kanitta Richkamroph — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The credit card market in Thailand continues to grow despite rising competition from debit cards, e-wallets, and Prompt Pay. Financial institutions enhance convenience through contactless payments, mobile apps, and strategic partnerships. Marketing communication plays a key role in raising awareness and influencing consumer behavior, while strategies like fee waivers and no minimum spending boost appeal. This study examines how marketing communication and credit card benefits impact consumer decisions at convenience stores.

Methodology: A quantitative research approach was employed, using structured questionnaires to collect data from 400 credit cardholders aged 20 and above living or working in Bangkok. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distribution, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, were used to summarize the data. Inferential statistical methods, specifically Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression Analysis, were applied to assess the relationships among marketing communication strategies, credit card benefits, and consumer payment decisions.

Results: The findings show that advertising, public relations, and personal selling, along with credit card benefits, significantly and positively influence credit card usage decisions at convenience stores at the 0.05 significance level. However, sales promotion and direct marketing did not show a significant impact.

Conclusion: Credit card providers and convenience stores should collaborate on strategic marketing communication to build trust, raise awareness, and promote card benefits. Joint public relations, personal selling, and targeted advertising can effectively engage consumers. These efforts help drive credit card usage and enhance the retail payment experience.

Adjustment of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Catering Industry During the Digital Transformation Period

Thanyarat Thaikot — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: The restaurant industry has been undergoing a digital transformation to keep pace with evolving consumer behavior and market trends. This study aimed to (1) examine how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the restaurant industry adapt during the digital transformation era, and (2) explore the key factors influencing their adaptation within the Bangkok area.

Methodology: The research sample comprised 520 restaurant businesses. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed by using statistical methods, including percentages, means, standard deviations, One-Way ANOVA, and Multiple Regression Analysis.

Results: The findings revealed that the overall adaptation of SMEs in the restaurant industry during this period was at a moderate level (𝑥̅ = 2.76, S.D. = 1.05). Key areas of adaptation included the adoption of cashless payment systems, the use of digital marketing tools, the implementation of digital strategies in business operations, and the establishment of business partnerships through digital platforms. Furthermore, significant factors influencing the level of adaptation were found at 0.05. These included personal characteristics, such as business size, age, education level, marital status, business experience, income, number of employees, registered capital, and working capital. Environmental factors, including awareness of business news, use of business platforms, internet usage behavior, and access to technology tools, also had a statistically significant impact on adaptation.

Conclusion: The adaptation of SMEs in the restaurant industry during the digital transformation era is characterized by the integration of cashless payment systems, digital marketing tools, and technology-driven business strategies, as well as the development of partnerships through digital platforms. These practices not only enhance operational efficiency but also support sustainable growth and long-term resilience in a rapidly changing digital environment.

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) for Enhancing Lower Secondary Students in Health Education: Life Safety

Saychon Chaichana, Sirirat Hitakowit — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Aims: Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has emerged as a pivotal pedagogical strategy in contemporary education, aimed at fostering active learning, critical thinking, and the holistic development of learners. It emphasizes the integration of real-world problems as a foundation for knowledge construction, thereby enhancing students' ability to achieve the intended learning outcomes effectively. The present study was designed with the following objectives: (1) to examine the differences in students’ academic achievement before and after the implementation of a PBL-based instructional model in Health Education, focusing on the topic "Life Safety"; (2) to assess students’ analytical thinking and problem-solving skills following the PBL intervention, in comparison with the proficiency benchmark set at 65%; (3) to explore students’ levels of satisfaction with the PBL approach implemented in the Health Education curriculum; and (4) to investigate the extent of knowledge retention among students within 30 days after receiving PBL-based instruction.

Research Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental research design with a single-group pretest-posttest model. The sample consisted of 30 Grade 9 students from the Demonstration School of Ramkhamhaeng University (Secondary Division) in the academic year 2023. The appropriate sample size was determined using the G*Power program and selected through cluster random sampling. The selected classroom comprised students of mixed abilities, with no significant differences in prior academic performance in Health Education across the groups. The research instruments utilized in this study included: (1) a set of parallel-form tests administered before and after instruction to measure academic achievement; (2) an assessment rubric designed to evaluate students’ analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities; and (3) a structured questionnaire to assess students’ satisfaction with the PBL approach. The data were analyzed using a dependent samples t-test to determine statistical significance, along with descriptive statistics including mean scores, standard deviations, and percentages.

Results: (1) The post-instruction academic achievement scores of the students were significantly higher than their pre-instruction scores, with the improvement reaching statistical significance at the 0.05 level. (2) Students demonstrated analytical thinking and problem-solving skills that exceeded the predetermined proficiency criterion of 65%, also with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. (3) Overall, students expressed a high level of satisfaction with the PBL instructional model, indicating positive perceptions of its effectiveness and engagement. (4) The knowledge retention rate was found to be 6.44%, which is within the acceptable threshold stipulated by the study, that is, a reduction not exceeding 30% within 30 days post-instruction.

Conclusion: The findings of this study underscore the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) as a learner-centered instructional approach in enhancing academic achievement, higher-order thinking skills, and learning retention among lower secondary school students in the domain of Health Education, particularly on the topic of "Life Safety." The integration of PBL into the instructional design not only led to significant improvements in learning outcomes but also fostered a high degree of student satisfaction, suggesting that PBL is a viable and impactful method for promoting meaningful and sustainable learning in secondary education contexts.

The Influence of Corruption Control on Gross National Happiness

Kamalas Yaowanit — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Background and Objectives: The development of countries in the past two decades aimed at making their people happy rather than enhancing their economy. Since many countries with good control of corruption also have high scores on people’s happiness, there should be a study examining the influence of control of corruption on people’s happiness to make a clear judgment whether it has influence or not, and how.

Methodology: The Data used in this research were the control of corruption collected by the World Bank, and the countries’ happiness score collected by the World Happiness Report. The data from 123 countries were analyzed by simple regression.

Results: The analysis showed that the control of corruption can explain 49.6% of the variation in people’s happiness. The coefficient of the control of corruption is 0.82

Conclusions: The control of corruption affects people’s happiness. Therefore, we should support various mechanisms of corruption control through improvements in people’s awareness of the importance of their participation and the importance of controlling corruption to enhance people’s happiness further.