Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal

Study of Learning Retention and Scientific Attitude of Grade 3 Students Learned via Educational Games

Sarinee Prawuntao — 2026-03-08

Background and Objectives: Science plays a very important role in society today and in the future because it affects everyone in daily life and across various occupations. Tools and equipment to facilitate life and work, as well as changes in the economy, society, culture, environment, and scientific knowledge and technology that are rapidly advancing. This research aims to 1) compare the academic achievement of Grade 3 students before and after being organized to learn through educational games on the topic of human and animal life. 2) Study the academic sustainability of Grade 3 students after being organized to learn through educational games on the topic of human and animal life. 3) Compare the scientific attitudes of Grade 3 students before and after being organized to learn through educational games on the topic of human and animal life.

Research Methodology: This research is experimental. Survey and study of preliminary data. The sample group is 14 Grade 3 students at Waranyawit School, Na Chueak District, Maha Sarakham Province. By cluster random sampling, the instruments used were 1) 6 game-based learning plans, lasting 12 hours, and 2) an achievement test, a 25-item multiple-choice test with an IOC of 1.00, a difficulty level between 0.38 and 0.81, a discrimination level between 0.25 and 0.73, and a reliability level of 0.96. 3) a scientific attitude test, a 30-item multiple-choice test with an IOC of 0.80-1.00, a discrimination level between 0.41 and 0.96, and a reliability level of 0.97. The statistics used were mean, standard deviation, percentage, and Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The statistics used to test the hypothesis were a dependent-samples t-test.

Research results: 1) Comparative results of the achievement of Grade 3 students before and after learning with educational game-based learning on the topic of human and animal life. It was found that the students had higher academic achievement after learning than before learning at a statistical significance level of .05. 2) The results of the study of the academic sustainability of the third grade students after learning with the educational game learning management on the topic of human and animal life found that the students had academic sustainability with the post-test scores and the two-week post-test scores having a correlation coefficient of 0.99, which was highly positively related at a statistical significance level of .05. 3) The results of the comparison of the scientific attitudes of the third-grade students before and after learning with the educational game learning management on the topic of human and animal life found that the students had higher scientific attitudes after learning than before learning at a statistical significance level of .05.

Conclusion: Teaching with games is an effective way to help students learn in a fun and challenging way. The students are the players themselves, allowing them to gain direct experience. It is a method that allows students to participate deeply, learning through play, making learning meaningful and lasting.

The Impact of Work Environment and Motivation on Job Satisfaction among Airline Ground Staff in Thailand

Juan Rodrigo B. Del Villar — 2026-03-08

Background and Aims: In the aviation industry, the work environment and employee motivation are crucial in ensuring job satisfaction and operational efficiency. Airline ground staff, often exposed to high stress, complex customer interactions, and physically demanding tasks, receive limited attention in research. This study investigated the relationship between work environment, motivation, and job satisfaction among airline ground staff in Thailand. It sought to identify key factors influencing satisfaction and provide insights for improving organizational practices to enhance employee retention and performance. Looking into the Job Demands-Resources Model lens, this study examined how work demands and resources impact employee well-being alongside the Self-Determination Theory, highlighting the role of intrinsic needs in fostering motivation and job satisfaction.

Methodology: This correlational quantitative study used random sampling to survey 200 airline ground staff in Thailand. Validated questionnaires measured Work Environment (α = 0.822), Motivation (α = 0.803), and Job Satisfaction (α = 0.787), showing good reliability. Descriptive statistics addressed the first three research questions, while Pearson correlation and regression analyses examined the relationships and predictive power of the independent variables on job satisfaction. The work environment tool is grounded in the Job Demands-Resources Model, explaining how a supportive work environment provides essential resources that help employees manage job demands and improve engagement. Motivation is explored through Self-Determination Theory, emphasizing that fulfilling intrinsic needs is crucial for sustaining high motivation and well-being. Job satisfaction is framed by Social Exchange Theory, which posits that when employees perceive fairness and organizational support, they reciprocate with positive attitudes such as increased satisfaction and commitment.

Results: The findings revealed that employees perceived a high level of the work environment (M = 4.11, "good environment"), motivation (M = 4.04, "highly motivated"), and a positive level of job satisfaction (M = 4.11, "highly satisfied"). The results indicate that employees experience favorable working conditions and strong motivational factors. Significant correlations were observed between all work environment dimensions, specifically the physical and non-physical aspects, and job satisfaction, with the strongest relationship (r = 0.603, p < .001), indicating that both tangible and intangible elements of the work environment play an essential role in employee satisfaction. Likewise, all dimensions of motivation were significantly correlated with job satisfaction, with non-monetary motivation showing the strongest association (r = 0.700, p < .001), underscoring the critical role of intrinsic motivators in enhancing job satisfaction. The regression results revealed that the work environment model had an R² value of 0.405, indicating that 40.5% of the variance in job satisfaction can be explained by factors related to the work environment. The motivation model yielded a higher R² value of 0.519, suggesting that motivational factors account for 51.9% of the variance in job satisfaction. These findings imply that while both predictors significantly influence job satisfaction, motivation explains more of the variation, highlighting its stronger predictive power in the model. The stronger influence of intrinsic motivation on job satisfaction among airline ground staff can be explained by Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, suggesting that true satisfaction arises from internal motivators like achievement and recognition rather than environmental conditions. Additionally, this is further supported by the Self-Determination Theory, which emphasizes that intrinsic needs such as employee autonomy, competence, and relatedness are key drivers of motivation, leading to higher job satisfaction.

Conclusion: The result demonstrates the essential role of work environment and motivation in job satisfaction. However, intrinsic motivators exhibit a stronger predictive power, accounting for a greater proportion of variance in job satisfaction. These results underscore the importance of fostering a supportive and engaging work environment while emphasizing intrinsic motivational strategies to enhance employee satisfaction and organizational well-being.

The Collaboration between the Public and Private Sectors in Establishing a Support System for Learning in Schools under the Partnership School Project: A Case Study of Partnership Schools in the Central and Eastern Regions of Thailand

Yutthaphong Khamchan — 2026-03-08

Background and Aims: The reform of Thai education began with the National Education Act B.E. 2542 (1999), which emphasized learner-centered education and the decentralization of educational administration to local authorities. In the second decade of reform, the government promoted collaboration with the private sector through the “Public-Private Collaboration” project, which led to the establishment of the “Partnership School Project.” This initiative allows the private sector to take a significant role in school management and development. The objectives of this study were: 1) To examine the levels of public-private collaboration and the implementation of learning support systems in partnership schools, and 2) To investigate the relationship between public-private collaboration and the learning support systems in various dimensions.

Methodology: The sample consisted of 165 school administrators and teachers from 10 partnership schools in the central and eastern regions of Thailand. Two questionnaires were used: one measuring public-private collaboration (19 items), and the other measuring learning support systems (15 items). The tools were validated through item-objective congruence (IOC) and reliability analysis, yielding Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.967 and 0.899, respectively. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results: The levels of public-private collaboration and the implementation of learning support systems in the schools were found to be high. A statistically significant positive correlation was identified between public-private collaboration and the implementation of learning support systems (p < .01).

Conclusion: Public-private collaboration in partnership schools effectively enhances the implementation of learning support systems, especially in terms of vocational skills, modern learning environments, and the promotion of digital learning. These factors contribute positively to student development in the modern world.

Ethnomusicological Perspectives on Chinese Liu Dong Songs of the Dong Nian Festival

Hongyin Lu — 2026-03-08

Background and Aims: The Dong Nian Festival, celebrated annually by the Dong ethnic group in Zhaoxing Village, Guizhou Province, is a culturally significant event that showcases the community’s musical heritage, particularly through Liu Dong songs. This study aims to investigate Chinese Liu Dong songs performed during the Dong Nian Festival through an ethnomusicological approach.

Methodology: Employing a qualitative ethnomusicological approach, fieldwork was conducted during the 2023–2024 Dong Nian Festival in Zhaoxing Village. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with nine informants, participant observation, and audiovisual documentation. Analysis focused on song development, performance formats, identity expression, and preservation strategies.

Results: Liu Dong’s songs reflect three historical phases: Origin, Maturity, and Steady Development, each linked to evolving cultural contexts. Performance formats include traditional choruses, competitive events, and educational rehearsals, all contributing uniquely to cultural transmission and community cohesion. The songs articulate themes of romantic longing, ancestral reverence, and gender harmony, conveyed through falsetto singing and pipa accompaniment. Preservation efforts spanning school curricula, youth workshops, and digital platforms highlight opportunities and tensions between performative and essentialist authenticity.

Conclusion: Liu Dong’s songs are essential to preserving Dong ethnic identity and enabling intergenerational cultural dialogue. Ethnomusicological analysis reveals their enduring relevance and potential as a model for sustainable intangible heritage preservation in rapidly changing societies.

Transformational Leadership of School Administrators Affecting the Learning Organization of Private Schools Under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province

Laosan Katemmadee — 2026-03-09

Background and Aims: In an era of rapid globalization, educational institutions increasingly rely on transformational leadership, which plays a vital role in shaping schools as learning organizations that prioritize continuous professional growth and institutional development. The objectives of this research were to study: 1) the transformational leadership of school administrators under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province, 2) the learning organization of private schools under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province, 3) the relationship between the transformational leadership of school administrators and the learning organization of private schools under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province, 4) the transformational leadership of school administrators affecting the learning organization of private schools under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province, and 5) the key aspects of transformational leadership that significantly influenced the development of private schools as learning organizations under the Office of Private Education in Pattani Province.

Methodology: The sample comprised five private school administrators and 355 teachers currently employed at private schools under the Office of Private Education in Pattani Province. Research instruments included structured interviews and questionnaires regarding the transformational leadership of school administrators and its impact on the development of private schools as learning organizations. The questionnaire utilized a five-point Likert scale. Statistics for data analysis included frequency, percentages, means, standard deviations, Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Regression Analysis.

Results: The results of the research were as follow 1) the teachers of private schools under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province, perceived the overall transformational leadership of school administrators to be at a high level, 2) the teachers perceived the private schools under the Office of Private Education, Pattani Province, as learning organizations at a high level, 3) there was a high positive correlation between transformational leadership and the development of private schools as learning organizations at the .01 level of statistical significance (r = .816**), 4) multiple Regression Analysis revealed that transformational leadership significantly predicted the development of schools as learning organizations (R = .820, R² = .673) at the .01 level of statistical significance, and 5) the key aspects of transformational leadership that significantly influenced the development of private schools as learning organizations were: idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. These aspects can guide the development of leadership in private schools under the Office of Private Education in Pattani Province.

Conclusion: The study found that teachers perceived high levels of transformational leadership and learning-organization characteristics in private schools under the Office of Private Education in Pattani Province. A strong positive correlation was observed between transformational leadership and learning organization development (r = .816, p < .01). Regression analysis confirmed that transformational leadership significantly predicted organizational learning (R² = .673, p < .01). The most influential dimensions were idealized influence, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration. These findings highlight the need to strengthen these leadership qualities to support sustainable school development.

A Study of the Emotional Intelligence of School Administrators Affecting Teachers' Work Motivation under the Narathiwat Primary Educational Service Area Office 3

Meesanee Useng — 2026-03-11

Background and Aims: In today’s rapidly changing educational environment, school administrators play a crucial role not only in managing academic and administrative tasks but also in motivating staff. Emotional intelligence (EI) is a vital skill that enables administrators to understand and manage emotions, build positive relationships, and inspire teamwork. Research suggests that high EI in school leaders correlates with better staff morale and organizational success. Given the increasing complexity of school management, particularly in diverse areas such as Narathiwat, it is essential to explore how administrators’ EI affects teachers’ motivation to work effectively. This research aimed to 1) to study the level of emotional intelligence among school administrators under the Narathiwat Primary Educational Service Area Office 3, 2) to examine the level of work motivation among teachers within the same jurisdiction, 3) to investigate the relationship between the emotional intelligence of school administrators and teachers’ work motivation, and 4) to analyze the impact of administrators’ emotional intelligence on teachers’ work motivation. The sample group consisted of 285 teachers working under the Narathiwat Primary Educational Service Area Office 3

Methodology: The sample group in this study consisted of teachers under the Office of the Primary Educational Service Area 3, Narathiwat. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select a total of 30 teachers. The research instrument was a five-point rating scale questionnaire with validity coefficients ranging from 0.70 to 0.95 and a reliability coefficient of 0.93. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, such as Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that the overall emotional intelligence of the teachers was high (mean = 4.12, SD = 0.35), while the teachers’ motivation level was moderate (mean = 3.76, SD = 0.42). A significant positive correlation was found between emotional intelligence and teacher motivation (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Moreover, emotional intelligence significantly predicted teacher motivation, accounting for 40% of the variance (β = 0.62, p < 0.01).

Results: The study examined the emotional intelligence of school administrators and its impact. The component of self-regulation demonstrated a clearly negative effect, indicating that it contributed to adverse outcomes within the Narathiwat Primary Educational Service Area Office 3, which was at a high level (mean = 4.12, SD = 0.35), while the teachers’ work motivation was at a moderate level (mean = 3.76, SD = 0.42). The correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and teachers’ work motivation (r = 0.65, p < 0.01). Furthermore, emotional intelligence was found to significantly predict work motivation, accounting for 40% of the variance (β = 0.62, p < 0.01).

Conclusion: This study investigated the relationship between school administrators’ emotional intelligence and teachers’ work motivation within the Narathiwat Primary Educational Service Area Office 3. Findings indicated high levels of emotional intelligence among administrators and moderate levels of motivation among teachers. A significant positive correlation was found (r = .465, p < .01), with emotional intelligence accounting for 40% of the variance in teacher motivation. Empathy emerged as a strong positive predictor (β = .674, p < .001), while self-regulation had a negative effect (β = –.283, p < .01). These results underscore the critical role of empathetic leadership in enhancing teacher motivation and highlight the potential adverse impact of excessive emotional control. Fostering emotional intelligence, particularly empathy, is essential for effective school leadership in diverse educational contexts.

The Leadership of Female Administrators Affecting the School Administration under the Satun Primary Educational Service Area Office

Nasreen Muna — 2026-03-11

Background and Aims: The leadership of female administrators is crucial for the development of educational administration in the present era, as academic institutions require female administrators with vision and competence to drive them effectively. The objectives of this research were 1) to study the leadership of female school administrators under the Satun Primary Educational Service Area Office 2) examine the school administration under the same jurisdiction 3) investigate the relationship between the leadership of female administrators and school administration 4) analyze the influence of female administrators' leadership on school administration, and 5) propose strategies for developing the leadership of female administrators that affect school administration.

Methodology: The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involved a sample of 270 teachers and educational personnel under the Satun Primary Educational Service Area Office. Phase 2 involved in-depth interviews with five female school administrators from the same office. The research instruments included questionnaires and interview forms. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis.

Results: The research findings revealed that 1. The overall leadership of female school administrators, as perceived by teachers and educational personnel, was at a high level. 2. The overall level of school administration, as perceived by teachers and educational personnel, was also high. 3. There was a statistically significant, high positive correlation between the leadership of female administrators and school administration at the .01 level (r = .798**). 4. The leadership of female administrators had a significant influence on school administration, with a multiple regression analysis (Enter method) showing an R value of .815 and an R² value of .665, statistically significant at the .01 level, and 5. The strategies for developing female administrators’ leadership that influence school administration included the enhancement of initiative and coordination skills, which were found to be significant predictors of effective school administration under the Satun Primary Educational Service Area Office.

Conclusion: The research revealed that the leadership of female administrators, as perceived by teachers and educational personnel, was at a high level. Similarly, the overall quality of school administration was also rated highly. A statistically significant and strong positive correlation was found between the leadership of female administrators and the effectiveness of school administration. Moreover, multiple regression analysis (Enter method) indicated that female leadership had a significant impact on school administration. The study further identified that the enhancement of initiative and coordination skills was a key strategic component contributing to effective leadership and, consequently, to successful school administration within the Satun Primary Educational Service Area Office.

Development of Standards for Promoting Excellence in Football by the Khon Kaen Provincial Administrative Organization

Phanu Wanchuphloed — 2026-03-11

Background and Aims: Establishing guidelines to elevate football to a high level guarantees steady progress, improves player performance, and fosters long-term success. Additionally, it offers a precise structure for competition, training, and resource allocation. This study aimed to 1) examine the level of key factors influencing the promotion of football by the Khon Kaen Provincial Administrative Organization; 2) analyze the factors affecting the standards of football promotion toward excellence; and 3) develop a model for enhancing football promotion to achieve excellence within the organizational context. A mixed-methods research design was employed, integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Research instruments included structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were collected from 221 stakeholders—including members of the Elite Sports Development Committee of the Sports Authority of Thailand, football management personnel of the Khon Kaen Provincial Administrative Organization, football club executives under the organization's jurisdiction, and officially registered football players—based on sample size determination using Yamane’s formula. Qualitative data were gathered from 12 key informants involved in local disaster prevention and mitigation efforts in Sila Municipality. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics through multiple linear regression analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis techniques.

Results: The findings indicated that most respondents were male (70.6%), aged between 20 and 25 years (38.5%), single (55.2%), and held a bachelor’s degree (38.0%). Most respondents were football athletes (44.6%). Overall, the level of football promotion factors was rated high ( = 4.16). The highest-rated dimension was sports equipment and facilities (\bar{x} = 4.25), followed by personnel (\bar{x} = 4.20) and access to fitness areas, sports fields, and health parks (\bar{x} = 4.19). Regarding the standards of football promotion toward excellence, results also indicated a high overall level (\bar{x} = 4.03), with management and administration receiving the highest rating (\bar{x} = 4.11), followed by sports personnel development (\bar{x} = 4.02), athlete development, and competition organization (\bar{x} = 3.99). Multiple regression analysis identified three statistically significant factors influencing football promotion standards: (1) access to fitness areas, sports fields, and health parks (X1); (2) availability of sports equipment, buildings, and facilities (X2); and (3) operational effectiveness (X4). Based on these findings, a model for promoting football toward excellence was developed, comprising five core components: 1. Athlete development, 2. Resource management, 3. Competition organization 4. Collaborative networking, and 5. Monitoring and evaluation.

Conclusion: The study concluded that football's pursuit of excellence is significantly impacted by critical factors such as operational effectiveness, equipment availability, and access to sports facilities. To effectively guide football's progress, a five-part plan was proposed.

The Cooperative Learning LT Technique and Games to Enhance Chinese Reading Ability for Grade 7 Students

Panida Tonwut — 2026-03-11

Background and Aims: Collaborative learning is an approach that promotes learning through the LT technique, which emphasizes interdependent group work in the development of skills and understanding. Learning games are used as a motivating tool and a fun atmosphere, which results in learners’ proactivity and effectively develops their Chinese pronunciation ability. The objectives of this research are: 1) To develop a cooperative learning LT technique with games that promotes Chinese pronunciation ability of the first-year secondary students efficiently, according to the criterion of 75/75; 2) To compare Chinese pronunciation ability between before and after learning of the first-year secondary students who were taught the LT technique with games; and 3) To study the satisfaction of the first-year secondary students toward the LT technique with games that promotes Chinese pronunciation ability.

Methodology: This research is a preliminary experimental study. The sample group used in the research is 32 Mathayom 1/1 students of Thesaban 1 School "Burirat Darunwittaya" who were selected by cluster random sampling. The research instruments consisted of a collaborative learning plan using LT techniques, games that promote Chinese pronunciation ability, a Chinese pronunciation ability test, and a satisfaction questionnaire. The statistics used were mean, standard deviation, percentage, and the T-test.

Results: It was found that 1) The effectiveness of LT cooperative learning technique with games to promote Chinese pronunciation ability was 86.46/86.64, higher than the set criterion; 2) Students who received LT cooperative learning technique with games had Chinese pronunciation ability after studying significantly higher than before studying at .05; and 3) Students who received LT cooperative learning technique with games to promote Chinese pronunciation ability had high level of satisfaction.

Conclusion: The collaborative learning technique LT, combined with games, effectively promoted the Chinese reading ability of Mathayom 1 students to a level higher than the specified standard. The students had higher academic achievement after the learning and were highly satisfied with the learning process, especially in terms of fun learning activities that stimulated participation and promoted teamwork, which showed the importance of using learning techniques that emphasize participation and fun in learning. However, the application in real situations may need to take into account the differences of learners, such as the Chinese language background of each person, including designing games that are appropriate for the age and skill level of the learners.

The Effects of Discovery-Based Mathematics Instruction Using Circular Paper Folding Activities Focus on Grade 9 Students’ Problem-Solving Ability on Circles

Narisara Yamansabeedin — 2026-03-11

Background and Aims: Problem-solving ability is a crucial competency in mathematics learning. Students should continuously be supported in developing this ability. Discovery-based mathematics instruction provides opportunities for students to construct mathematical concepts and theories independently. This study integrated circular paper-folding activities grounded in the Concrete–Pictorial–Abstract (CPA) approach, which guides students from tangible experiences to pictorial representations and ultimately to abstract mathematical symbols. This process facilitates concept discovery and enables the application of these concepts in problem-solving contexts. The objectives of this research were: (1) to study Grade 9 students’ problem-solving ability on circles after learning by discovery-based instruction using circular paper folding activities, and (2) to study students’ learning behaviors during the implementation of this instructional approach.

Methodology: The target group consisted of 33 students from Grade 9/1, second semester of the 2024 academic year, at Nong Chok Pittayanusorn School, under the Nong Chok District Office, Bangkok. The instructional intervention comprised five lesson plans developed based on discovery learning principles and incorporating circular paper-folding activities. Research instruments included: (1) a set of five lesson plans on circles, and (2) a subjective problem-solving test consisting of four items. Quantitative data were analyzed using the arithmetic mean and percentage. Qualitative data were analyzed through students’ problem-solving traces and behaviors using content analysis and behavior observation techniques.

Results: The findings revealed that: (1) 75.75% of the students demonstrated problem-solving ability at a good level or higher; (2) Students’ performance on specific aspects of problem-solving ability was as follows: Application of theoretical concepts related to circles: Mean score of 6.81 out of 8 (85.13%). Logical reasoning: Mean score of 4.97 out of 8 (62.13%). Language use and written explanation: Mean score of 4.24 out of 8 (53.00%). (3) Most students were able to correctly apply theoretical concepts, use appropriate formulas, perform accurate calculations, reference relevant properties or theorems, and employ proper mathematical vocabulary and coherent explanatory structures in their written responses.

Conclusion: Discovery-based mathematics instruction employing circular paper-folding activities enhanced students’ problem-solving ability in the topic of circles. The instructional design, which emphasized students’ active engagement in discovering concepts through hands-on manipulation, visual representation, and abstraction, enabled learners to internalize mathematical theories and apply them effectively in solving problems.

Public Participation Affecting the Implementation of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Efforts in Sila Municipality, Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province

Chirawat Wangtaphan — 2026-03-12

Background and Aims: Initiatives for catastrophe prevention and mitigation are crucial to reducing the impact of both natural and man-made hazards on communities. They help to protect people, property, and the environment by taking proactive measures to address potential threats. Additionally, these programs encourage long-term sustainability and a speedier recovery by strengthening community resilience. This research aimed to 1) examine the level of public participation in disaster prevention and mitigation operations in Sila Municipality, Mueang District, Khon Kaen Province; 2) study the factors of public participation that affect such operations; and 3) propose guidelines for enhancing public participation in disaster prevention and mitigation in Sila Municipality.

Methodology: The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative research. The research tools included questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The sample consisted of 172 residents aged 18 and above from the Sila Municipality, 12 stakeholders involved in the municipality’s disaster prevention and mitigation efforts, and 12 key informants. Quantitative data were analyzed using basic statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple linear regression). Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: The findings show that most respondents were male (62.20%), aged between 26 and 35 years (33.10%), had an education below a bachelor’s degree (52.30%), were self-employed or engaged in trade (34.30%), and earned an average monthly income of 15,001–30,000 Baht. The overall public participation in disaster prevention and mitigation was high (\bar{x}= 4.07). The highest level of involvement was in decision-making (\bar{x}= 4.28), followed by benefit-sharing (\bar{x}= 4.08), operational participation (\bar{x}= 3.99), and evaluation participation (\bar{x}= 3.92). Regarding factors affecting disaster prevention and mitigation, the correlation coefficient between public involvement and operational effectiveness was statistically significant at the 0.05 level, with a correlation coefficient of 0.405. The multiple correlation coefficient was 0.894, and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.800, indicating that the four predictor variables collectively explained 80% of the variance in disaster prevention and mitigation operations. The standard error of prediction was 0.302. The three variables that significantly predicted the operations were operational participation (X2), benefit-sharing participation (X3), and evaluation participation (X4). The guidelines for improving public involvement include five approaches: 1) ensuring widespread and accessible communication of information; 2) preventing and reducing impacts; 3) preparing for disaster prevention and mitigation; 4) emergency response; and 5) post-disaster recovery strategies.

Conclusion: The study concludes that public participation is essential to successful catastrophe prevention and mitigation, particularly in relation to decision-making and benefit-sharing. Five strategic improvement guidelines were developed based on the identification of operational, benefit-sharing, and assessment-participation as significant success factors.

The Development of Learning Management Based on Davies' Concept, Combined with the Think-Pair-Share Technique, to Enhance Skills in Using Spreadsheet Programs for 2nd Year Vocational Certificate Students

Kanop Sukviset — 2026-03-12

Background and Aims: This study aimed to enhance the practical skills of second-year Vocational Certificate students in using scheduling software, addressing the initial performance rate of 70.50%, which fell below the 75% threshold. The observed challenges included students' limited proficiency with the software, leading to slow learning progress and diminished engagement. To address these issues, an instructional approach integrating Davies' psychomotor domain model with the Think-Pair-Share technique was implemented. The objectives were: (1) to develop an instructional model achieving an efficiency index of 75/75; (2) to compare students' post-instructional practical skills against the 75% benchmark; and (3) to assess students' satisfaction with the integrated teaching approach. The findings are anticipated to contribute to improved instructional strategies and student engagement in vocational education.

Methodology: This quasi-experimental study targeted second-year Vocational Certificate students at Roi Et Technical College under the Office of the Vocational Education Commission, Roi Et Province, Thailand. The sample comprised 36 students selected through cluster random sampling, with classrooms serving as the sampling units. Data collection instruments included: 1) Four lesson plans, each 4 hours in duration, totaling 16 hours; 2) A skills assessment tool for using scheduling software; and 3) A student satisfaction questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, including percentages, means, and standard deviations.

Results: Research Findings 1) The instructional process based on Davies' psychomotor domain model combined with the Think-Pair-Share technique achieved an efficiency index (E1/E2) of 85.93/75.23, surpassing the established benchmark of 75/75. 2) After the implementation of the integrated instructional approach, second-year Vocational Certificate students demonstrated a practical skills proficiency in using scheduling software at 75.23%, meeting the predetermined criterion. 3) Student satisfaction with the integrated instructional approach was assessed, yielding an average score of 4.47, indicating the highest level of appropriateness.

Conclusion: The Development of Learning Management Based on Davies’ Concept Combined with Think-Pair-Share technique to Enhance Practical Skills in Using a Scheduling Program Among Second-Year Vocational Certificate Students The researcher employed a quasi-experimental research design and found that 1) The integration of Davies' psychomotor domain model with the Think-Pair-Share technique achieved an efficiency index (E1/E2) of 85.93/75.23, surpassing the established benchmark of 75/75. 2) Following the implementation of the integrated instructional approach, second-year Vocational Certificate students demonstrated a practical skills proficiency in using scheduling software at 75.23%, meeting the predetermined criterion. 3) Student satisfaction with the integrated instructional approach was assessed, yielding an average score of 4.47, indicating the highest level of appropriateness.

Relationship between People Participation and Waste Management in Klongjed Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province

Wanchana Teangbangluang — 2026-03-12

Background and Aims: Due to the rapid changes and developments in Thailand, both in terms of economy and society, the agricultural society has transformed into an industrial society. The expansion of urban society in the past few years has changed the way of life of Thai people due to their consumption behavior, living conditions, and daily life, with the popularity of ordering food online for convenience, as well as changes in business models for selling goods and products, all of which are driving factors that have increased the amount of community waste. Although such behaviors have positive effects in terms of the economy and the environment, they have increased waste. As well, in order for the management of waste within communities/villages to achieve the set goals effectively and efficiently, it is necessary to promote public participation in waste management continuously and sustainably. This research is a quantitative research with the following objectives: 1) Study the public participation and waste management in the area of Khlong Chet Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province; 2) Study the relationship between public participation and waste management in the area of Khlong Chet Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province.

Methodology: This research is a quantitative research design. The sample group used in this research is people living in 9 villages in Khlong Chet Subdistrict, Khlong Luang District, Pathum Thani Province. The sample size to represent the people was calculated using Taro Yamane's calculation method at a 95% confidence level, which set the sampling error value at 0.05. The results showed that there were 381 samples. In this research, the researcher used stratified sampling, which is a random sampling method that divides the population into communities/villages. It is a probability sampling method that allows all people to have the opportunity to be selected as representatives of the population used in the study. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The researcher presented the developed questionnaire to three experts to find the content validity or the consistency between the questions and the research objectives (IOC). The revised questionnaire was then tested with a population with characteristics similar to the sample group to be studied and then analyzed to find the reliability value using Cronbach's alpha coefficient formula (Cronbach, 1990: 202-204). The questionnaire for this research had an alpha coefficient value of 0.85. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

Results: 1) The public participation in waste management is at a moderate level overall. It was found that the participation in operations has the highest average value, followed by participation in decision-making, participation in receiving benefits, and participation in monitoring and evaluation, respectively. 2) The public's waste management according to the 5R principle is at a moderate level overall. The average value in each aspect, from highest to lowest, is as follows: Repair or fix has the highest average value, followed by reuse, avoiding the use of materials that are difficult to destroy, reprocessing and reusing, and reducing the use of unnecessary items, respectively. 3) The relationship between public participation and waste management in the area of Khlong Chet Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Khlong Luang District, overall has a moderate relationship with a statistical significance level of 0.05, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.536, which is in accordance with the hypothesis. When considering the correlation coefficient in each aspect, it was found that the participation in operations has the highest average value, followed by participation in decision making, participation in obtaining benefits, and participation in monitoring and evaluation, respectively.

Conclusion: Public participation is related to solid waste management according to the 5R principle. It can be seen that solid waste management requires cooperation from all parties in the community/village. Therefore, the public should be created and encouraged to see the importance and necessity of participating in solving problems and managing problems through the participation process. This is because the participation process will help to solve the problem of solid waste management in the community/village continuously and sustainably.

Study of the Shooting Accuracy of Young Male Petanque Athletes in Ratchaburi Province

Thawatchai Kaithongsuk — 2026-03-12

Background and Aims: Petanque is a sport that demands high accuracy and concentration. Its shooting component, especially, requires consistent practice to enhance precision. Youth athletes in Ratchaburi Province face challenges in achieving consistent accuracy in shooting. The study aimed to (1) examine the shooting accuracy of young male petanque athletes in Ratchaburi Province before and after a specific training program, and (2) compare the effectiveness of the training program on their shooting performance.

Methodology: This experimental research involved 20 purposively selected male youth petanque athletes from Ratchaburi Province. Participants underwent a standardized training program developed by the Sports Authority of Thailand over 8 weeks. Shooting accuracy was measured using a standardized shooting test consisting of 5 stations at 4 distances (6, 7, 8, and 9 meters), both before and after the training. Data were analyzed using means, standard deviations, and paired t-tests.

Results: (1) The use of a training program for playing petanque balls before and after the male youth athletes in Ratchaburi province was different, with more accuracy after entering the training program. By the accuracy in shooting of young male Petanque athletes in Ratchaburi Province accuracy in hitting petanque balls with a mean before entering the training program was 18.20, after entering the training program was 33.30, the standard deviation before entering the training program was 6.72, after entering the training program was 4.95, and the percentage before Entering the training program is equal to 33.70%. After entering the training program is equal to 66.60%. (2) Comparing the use of the petanque ball training program before and after by male youth athletes in Ratchaburi Province. There is a difference. The results of shooting before entering the training program found that the 1st mean is 5.3, the 2nd is 3.65, the 3rd is 3.2, the 4th is 2.5, and the 5th is 3.5. The standard deviation of 1st is 2.2, the 2nd is 1.42, the 3rd is 1.28, and the 4th is is 1.43 and the 5th base is 2.85 and the percentage value 1st base is 10, 2nd base is 6, 3rd base is 5, 4th base is 5 and 5th is 10 Shotting results after entering the training program found that the mean value of base 1 was 9.4, base 2 was 6.25, base 3 was 5.55, base 4 was 4.6, and base 5 was 7.4. Standard deviation of base 1 was 2.56 base. 2 is 2.07, 3rd is 1.95, 4th is 2.161, 5th is 2.6 and the percentage 1st is 15, 2nd is 10, 3rd is 10, 4th is 10 and base 5 is 10, which is before entering the training program and after entering the training program The mean before entering the training program was 18.2, after entering the training program was 33.3, the standard deviation before entering the training program was 6.72, after entering the training program was 4.95, the standard deviation before entering the training program equal to 1.50 after entering the training program, equal to 1.10 and statistically significant at the 0.00 level.

Conclusion: The training program significantly enhanced the shooting accuracy of young male petanque athletes in Ratchaburi Province. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the structured training intervention and provides a foundation for further athlete development programs.

Creative Agency and Ethical Boundaries: A Documentary Analysis of AI in the Creative Industries

Laura Zengo — 2026-03-12

Background and Aims: This study aims to provide an overview of the creative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) within creative industries. Our scope encompasses the early demonstrations of AI's creative capabilities in the 90s, when prevailing thought maintained that AI could only explore creativity passively, rather than actively contributing to it. By "active contribution," we refer to an AI's capacity to generate its creative output. The technological evolution has led to an era where AI-generated multimedia creation has become both viable and valuable, exemplified by Runway’s Gen-4, which allows users to edit short video sequences through text and image inputs alone. This technology offers valuable opportunities for creative professionals but also raises ethical and legal concerns, particularly regarding bias and its potential to limit human creativity, thus reinforcing the importance of preserving human agency in the creative process.

Methodology: This research employs a documentary and interdisciplinary methodology, integrating literature, human sciences, computer science, and evolving definitions of creativity to explore the creative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) within the creative industries. While acknowledging limitations due to reliance on publicly available materials, this approach provides a robust foundation for understanding generative AI's creative capabilities, considering factors such as data diversity, ethical oversight, and human collaboration.

Results: This documentary and interdisciplinary research observe and examine GAI (Generative artificial intelligence) creative potential in the arts. Even though this research is non-exhaustive due to the selection of research and academic papers, it emphasized significant details on bias, authorship, and ethics, advocating for human oversight and governance. While AI can enhance creativity, it cannot replicate the cultural and emotional essence of human artistry.

Conclusion: This research underscores the need to rethink creativity in the era of generative artificial intelligence, as traditional definitions overlook diverse and evolving forms of expression. Despite their coherence, AI models lack emotion, intuition, and genuine creative agency.

Service Innovation Influencing Consumers' Decisions to Purchase Electric Vehicles in Bangkok

Jitravee Thongtao — 2026-03-12

Background and Aims: At present, electric vehicles (EVs) have gained significantly increasing attention on a global scale, including in Thailand, which aspires to transition into a clean and sustainable energy-driven economy. The objectives of this study are: 1) To study the level of importance of service innovation related to electric vehicles among consumers in Bangkok. 2) To examine the relationship between service innovation and the purchasing decisions of electric vehicles among consumers in Bangkok. 3) To study the influence of service innovation on the purchasing decisions of electric vehicles among consumers in Bangkok..

Methodology: The sample consists of 400 EV users in Bangkok. Data were collected via questionnaires, and the statistical methods applied included descriptive statistics—namely, frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze relationships, while stepwise multiple linear regression was employed to establish predictive equations.

Results: The findings reveal that the majority of respondents are male, aged 31-40, hold a bachelor’s degree, are employed in private companies, and have an average monthly income of 25,001-35,000 Baht. Four key service innovation factors significantly influence the decision to purchase electric vehicles in Bangkok: service, process, customer relationship, and organization. The stepwise multiple linear regression equation is as follows: y^{^}=0.559+0.196(X2) + 0.147(X3) + 0.190(X4); R²=0.669, indicating that the model explains approximately 66.9% of the variance in the decision to purchase EVs among consumers in Bangkok.

Conclusion: The research findings conclude that service innovation significantly influences the decision to purchase electric vehicles in Bangkok. Technology is the most influential factor, followed by service, customer relationship, and process. The regression model can explain up to 66.9% of the consumer purchase decision behavior.

Marketing Strategies on the Performance of Mudmee Silk Ban Nong Khuean Chang Tha Song Khon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province

Thanwaporn Wimonchailerk — 2026-03-14

Background and Aims: At present, silk fabric is a valuable economic product, helping to generate income for the community and the country. It is a cultural heritage with a long history and is known internationally for its beauty, quality, and special properties. This research aimed to 1) study the marketing strategies of the silk products of Nong Khuen Chang, Tha Song Khon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province, 2) study the performance of the silk products of Nong Khuen Chang, Tha Song Khon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province, 3) test the relationship between marketing strategies and the performance of the silk products of Nong Khuen Chang, Tha Song Khon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province, and 4) test the impact of marketing strategies on the performance of the silk products of Nong Khuen Chang, Tha Song Khon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province.

Methodology: The sample group for this research comprised 109 entrepreneurs of Mudmee silk products in Ban Nong Khuean Chang, Tha Song Khon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province. A questionnaire was used as the tool. Statistics used for data analysis included percentages, means, standard deviations, multiple correlation analysis, simple regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis.

Results: It was found that silk fabric product entrepreneurs in Nong Khuen Chang Village, Tha Song Kon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province held high opinions of overall and individual marketing strategies, namely products, differentiation, low production costs, and market penetration. Silk fabric product entrepreneurs in Nong Khuen Chang Village, Tha Song Kon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province held high opinions of overall and individual performance, namely market share, sales growth, and customer satisfaction. The analysis of relationships and impacts found that 1) Marketing strategies in terms of products had a positive relationship and impact on overall performance, market share, and sales growth. 2) Marketing strategies in terms of differentiation had a positive relationship and impact on overall performance, sales growth, and customer satisfaction. 3) Marketing strategies in terms of low production costs had a positive relationship and impact on overall performance and customer satisfaction.

Conclusion: Marketing strategies have a positive relationship with performance. Therefore, the entrepreneurs in the silk products sector in Ban Nong Khuen Chang, Tha Song Kon Subdistrict, Mueang District, Maha Sarakham Province, should use the information from this research to plan product development and create a sustainable competitive advantage in the future.

The Impact of Value Co-Creation on Loyalty of Community Enterprises in Thailand

Naruedol Sawatsri — 2026-03-14

Background and Aims: In today's business landscape, where environmental, social, and economic considerations are paramount, the sustainability of community-based businesses must prioritize value co-creation and loyalty. These elements are crucial for ensuring operations align with environmental, social, and economic concerns, ultimately fostering stronger and more sustainable community enterprises. The objectives of this study were: 1) To study the level of value co-creation in community enterprises in Thailand, 2) To study the level of loyalty in community enterprises in Thailand, 3) To explore their Sustainability, 3) To study the impact of value co-creation on loyalty of community enterprises in Thailand.

Methodology: This study employed a quantitative research approach. Data was collected from 251 Community enterprises using questionnaires. Statistical analysis included means, standard deviations, multiple correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Results: 1) The level of value co-creation in Community enterprises was at a high level. All aspects were also high, ranked from highest to lowest mean: engagement, communication with customers, interactive participation, accessibility, and service provision. 2) The level of loyalty in community enterprises was at its highest level. All aspects were also highest, ranked from highest to lowest mean: trustworthiness, customer satisfaction, brand image, responsiveness, and repurchase intention. 3) Value co-creation, including service, experience, communication with customers, engagement, and access, has a positive impact on loyalty of community enterprises in Thailand, with a predictive power (R²) of 0.867, or 86.70%.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that strong value co-creation significantly enhances customer loyalty in Thai community enterprises. This suggests that active customer involvement and meaningful interactions are key drivers of trust, satisfaction, and long-term commitment.

The Impact of Employee Training on Sustainable Warehouse Management Efficiency in Nakhon Pathom Province

Chutidaj Munkongtum — 2026-03-14

Background and Aims: Warehouses play a critical role in enhancing the efficiency of supply chains, especially in the context of sustainability, where organizations must optimize processes to be environmentally friendly, minimize waste, and improve resource utilization. Nakhon Pathom province serves as a central logistics hub for retail and industrial sectors, but is facing challenges such as skilled labor shortages and high employee turnover. This study aims to 1) examine employee training practices in sustainable warehouse management in Nakhon Pathom, 2) assess the efficiency of sustainable warehouse operations, and 3) analyze the impact of employee training on warehouse management efficiency in the province.

Methodology: This quantitative research employed a questionnaire distributed to 400 warehouse employees in Nakhon Pathom. calculated using the formula of Cochran (1977). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, including Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. The independent variables included three types of training: technical training (TT), safety and environmental training (SE), and management and behavioral training (MB), measured against three dimensions of warehouse efficiency: economic, environmental, and social.

Results: The results revealed that overall training was rated at a high level, with management and behavioral training receiving the highest mean score (x̄ = 4.53). Overall warehouse efficiency was also rated high (x̄ = 4.10), with social efficiency scoring the highest (x̄ = 4.56). Pearson correlation analysis showed statistically significant relationships between all types of training and each dimension of efficiency, with MB having the strongest correlation with social efficiency (r = 0.89). The multiple regression model indicated that the three training dimensions collectively explained 65.6% of the variance in warehouse efficiency (R² = 0.656), with MB exerting the greatest influence (β = 0.49, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Employee training, particularly in management and organizational behavior, significantly enhances sustainable warehouse performance across economic, environmental, and social dimensions. Training programs should adopt an integrated approach aligned with organizational strategies, emphasizing the development of soft skills such as leadership, communication, and teamwork to drive behavioral change and long-term sustainable outcomes.

Effects of Using Teaching Package on Academic Achievement and Satisfaction with Study on Automotive Transmission of Professional Certificate Students at Vocational Level One of Bangnara Technical College

Alsu Mano — 2026-03-14

Background and Aims: Education is an important foundation for developing human resources to enable them to live and work with quality in a rapidly changing society, the current education system therefore focuses on learner-centered learning, providing skills, knowledge, and morality, especially in vocational education, which must emphasize practical training to prepare for the labor market, therefore, the development of teaching media that promotes learning and practical skills is essential. This research aims to 1) compare the learning achievement in the Automotive Power Transmission course and 2) compare students’ satisfaction with learning in the Automotive Power Transmission course between students taught using an instructional package and those taught using conventional methods.

Methodology: The study was conducted with first-year vocational certificate students at Bangnara Technical College. The sample consisted of 28 students, divided into an experimental group (taught using the instructional package) and a control group (taught using conventional methods), with 14 students in each group. The participants, selected through simple random sampling, consisted of 30 vocational certificate students. The research instruments included a learning achievement test and a satisfaction questionnaire for the Automotive Power Transmission course. Data were analyzed using mean and one-way multivariate analysis of variance (One-way MANOVA).

Results: The research results found that 1) The comparison of learning achievement in the Automotive Power Transmission course between first-year vocational certificate students at Bangnara Technical College who were taught using the instructional package and those who received conventional instruction showed that the students taught with the instructional package had significantly higher learning achievement than those taught by traditional methods, at the .01 level of significance. 2) The comparison of learning achievement and satisfaction in the Automotive Power Transmission course between first-year vocational certificate students at Bangnara Technical College who were taught using the instructional package and those who received conventional instruction indicated that both the learning achievement and learning satisfaction of students taught with the instructional package were significantly higher than those taught with conventional methods at the .01 level of significance, and 3) The analysis of student satisfaction with the Automotive Power Transmission course among first-year vocational certificate students at Bangnara Technical College revealed that the overall and specific aspects of satisfaction were at the highest level. The highest-rated aspects included knowledge acquisition, skill development, and moral and ethical values, particularly the integration of the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy.

Conclusion: The research results indicated that the use of teaching kits resulted in significantly higher academic achievement in the subject of Automotive Power Transmission of the first year vocational certificate students at Bangnara Technical College than the conventional teaching method. Students who studied with the teaching kit had higher achievement and satisfaction than the group who studied with the normal method. The level of students' satisfaction with studying with the teaching kit was at the highest level in all aspects. it was found that the use of learner-centered teaching techniques or methods increased achievement and satisfaction. From these results, the teaching kit was an effective tool for developing learners' learning outcomes and attitudes.

Study of Problems and Guidelines for the Development of Parcel Distribution at Mahasarakham University

Bunyarit Bunlakkham — 2026-03-14

Background and Aims: Disposition of supplies is part of parcel management. There are several stages of the work process. Officers must have knowledge and understanding of operational procedures. There are many problems with the distribution of parcels, including uncertainty in the work process. The lack of knowledge and understanding of personnel, and the lack of appropriate tools for management. The purpose of this study is: 1) To study the problem of the distribution of parcels at Mahasarakham University, 2) To study guidelines for the development of parcel distribution at Mahasarakham University.

Methodology: The subjects of the study comprised 57 procurement-experienced staff at Mahasarakham University, using the open table method of Krejcie and Morgan. This is a simple random sampling of 5 additional contributors. The instruments used in this research are questionnaires and in-depth interviews, as well as useful statistical approaches, i.e., Mean, Standard Deviation, and Pearson's correlation coefficient, which were purposively applied.

Results: The results showed the problem of parcel distribution and the development of parcel distribution. Overall, it was at a high level ( =3.96, S.D. = 0.69). Upon considering each aspect, it was found that the problem was the distribution of parcels. It has a very high level of overall average ( =3.98, S.D. = 0.63). And guidelines for the development of parcel distribution. It has a very high level of overall average ( =3.96, S.D. = 0.84). The relationship between the study of problems and guidelines for the development of parcel distribution at Mahasarakham University is at a high level (r_xy = 0.865), significant at 0.01.

Conclusion: The overall problems in parcel distribution were found to be at a high level, particularly in areas concerning the personnel's knowledge and understanding, inventory data management, and unstructured operational procedures. Meanwhile, the proposed development guidelines, such as personnel training, the creation of operational manuals, and the application of the Public Sector Management Quality Award (PMQA) framework alongside the PDCA cycle, were evaluated as highly appropriate and effective. The study also revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between the identified problems and the proposed development guidelines.

The Impact of Information Technology Adoption on Work Efficiency of Local Government Organizations in the Northeastern Region, Zone 2

Ratana Mahachanawong — 2026-03-14

Background and Aims: The expansion of the global economy has led to the rapid development of information technology systems, which have had various impacts on Thailand, including in the areas of economics, services, and public administration. Currently, local administrative organizations with adequate readiness have adopted information technology to support their operations and management, particularly in Local Administrative Organizations in the Northeastern Region, Zone 2. The objectives of this study are: (1) to examine the adoption of information technology systems of local government organizations in the Northeastern Region, zone 2 (2) to study Work Efficiency of local government organizations in the Northeastern Region, zone 2 and (3) to investigate the impact of information technology adoption on Work Efficiency of local government organizations in the Northeastern Region, zone 2.

Methodology: This study is quantitative research. The sample consisted of 365 personnel. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and the statistical methods used for data analysis included mean, standard deviation, multiple correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis.

Results: 1) The personnel had overall opinions regarding the adoption of information technology systems at the highest level. Three aspects, trial use, evaluation, and interest, were rated at the highest level, while two aspects, perceived usefulness and acceptance, were rated at a high level. 2) The personnel’s opinions on Work Efficiency, both overall and in each dimension (time of work, quantity of work, quality of work, and cost), were at the highest level. 3) Information Technology Adoption, including interest, evaluation, trial use, and acceptance, had a positive impact on Work Efficiency.

Conclusion: Information Technology Adoption on Work Efficiency of Local Government Organizations in the Northeastern Region, Zone 2

Effect of Supply Administration within Good Governance on Work Efficiency of Government Disbursing Agencies in Maha Sarakham Province

Prapaphan Kanthawong — 2026-03-15

Background and Aims: The management of government agencies' supplies in Maha Sarakham Province is a crucial tool and factor in supporting the disbursement of annual budget expenditures to meet the set targets, which in turn affects the economic system of Maha Sarakham Province. The purposes of this research were: 1) To study the management of supplies according to the principles of good governance of the disbursing government agencies in Maha Sarakham Province. 2) To study the performance of the disbursing government agencies in Maha Sarakham Province. and 3) To test the impact of good governance material management on the performance of the disbursing government agencies in Maha Sarakham Province.

Methodology: Quantitative research by collecting data from 247 government procurement officers in Maha Sarakham Province and using questionnaires as research tools. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, multiple correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Results: 1) Good governance material management of the disbursing agencies in Maha Sarakham Province. The officers working on material management of the disbursing agencies in Maha Sarakham Province have the highest opinions on material management according to the principles of good governance in 4 aspects: morality, transparency, rule of law, and responsibility; and high opinions on 2 aspects: value for money and participation. 2) The overall performance efficiency of the disbursing agencies in Maha Sarakham Province is at a high level. When considering each aspect, it is at a high level in all aspects, including work quality, work quantity, cost, and time. 3) Material management according to the principles of good governance, consisting of the principles of the rule of law, morality, transparency, participation, responsibility, and value for money, has a positive relationship with performance efficiency. Material management according to the principles of good governance, consisting of the principles of value for money, participation, rule of law, and responsibility, positively affects the performance efficiency of the disbursing agencies in Maha Sarakham Province. As for morality and transparency, there is no impact on the performance efficiency of the disbursing agencies in Maha Sarakham Province.

Conclusion: The performance efficiency of disbursing agencies in Maha Sarakham Province is positively impacted by excellent governance-based material management, with a particular emphasis on value for money, participation, the rule of law, and responsibility. Despite their high regard, morality and transparency have little effect on performance efficiency.

The Relationship between Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Academic Administration in Schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krung Thon Tai Group

Seksan Sitsua — 2026-03-15

Background and Aims: The researcher is interested in studying The Relationship between Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Academic Administration in Schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krung Thon Tai Group. This research is descriptive. The objectives are to study 1) examine the level of transformational leadership among school administrators under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krung Thon Tai Group, 2) assess the level of academic administration in schools under the same jurisdiction, and 3) analyze the relationship between administrators’ transformational leadership and academic administration.

Methodology: The sample group used in the research was 341 school administrators and teachers from a population of 2,990 people, stratified random sampling according to the population proportion. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability of 0.994 (α = 0.994). The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation (S.D.), and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient.

Results: 1) The overall level of transformational leadership among school administrators under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krung Thon Tai Group, was high. 2) The overall level of academic administration in schools under the same jurisdiction was also high. And 3) Transformational leadership of school administrators had a strong positive correlation with academic administration at the .01 significance level, with a correlation coefficient of 0.711.

Conclusion: The Relationship between Transformational Leadership of School Administrators and Academic Administration in Schools revealed that among the leadership dimensions, individual consideration (X₄) exhibited the highest positive correlation with learning assessment (Y₁). This was followed by intellectual stimulation (X₃), which also showed a significant correlation with learning assessment (Y₁). On the other hand, idealized influence (X₁) demonstrated the lowest correlation with internal academic supervision within the school (Y₄).

Factors Affecting the Academic Achievement of Undergraduate Students (Transfer Program) in the Automotive Technology Major

Warong Ngewruang — 2026-03-15

Background and Aims: Factors affecting the academic achievement of students are important for their development, which in turn impacts the quality of students. This research aims to 1) study the factors affecting the academic achievement of students in the bachelor’s degree program (transfer) in Automotive Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Siam Technology College, and 2) compare different personal factors affecting the academic achievement of students in the bachelor’s degree program (transfer) in Automotive Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, and Siam Technology College.

Methodology: The sample group consisted of 231 participants. A questionnaire was used as the research instrument. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and F-test (one-way ANOVA).

Results: of the research found that the factors affecting the academic achievement of students in the bachelor’s degree program (transfer) were overall at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the educational management factor was at a high level, followed by the relationship with family and friends, personal characteristics, and current work, respectively.

The results of the hypothesis testing found that personal factors such as gender, occupation, work position, and monthly income did not affect the academic achievement of students in the bachelor’s degree program (transfer). Their age and work experience differed.

Conclusion: The academic achievement of undergraduate students (transfer) is significantly different at the 0.05 level.

The Need for Developing School Administrators’ Competencies in the Partnership School Project

Pajaree Kuenchaiyaphum — 2026-03-15

Background and Aims: In the 21st century, rapid changes in social, economic, environmental, and political contexts have positioned education as a crucial mechanism for human resource development and reducing inequality. In Thailand, where educational disparities remain a pressing issue, the Partnership School Project was initiated to enhance the quality of education through collaboration between the public and private sectors. School administrators play a key role in driving this initiative toward tangible and sustainable outcomes. This research aimed to 1) investigate the current and desired states of competencies among school administrators in the Partnership School Project, 2) examine the priority needs for competency development among school administrators, and 3) explore the guidelines for developing school administrators’ competencies in the Partnership School Project.

Methodology: Given the nationwide implementation of the Partnership School Project, the target population consisted of school administrators, teachers, and educational personnel from five schools under the Mitr Phol Foundation in Central and Northeastern Thailand. These include Somsaat Pittayasap School, Baan Phu Din Mit Upathum School, Nongphai Dusit Prachasarn School, Krab Yai Municipal Kindergarten School, and Krab Yai Wongkusolkij Pittayakom School, with a total of 143 participants. The research instrument was a questionnaire comprising 30 items related to school administrators' competencies. The quality of the instrument was verified using the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) and reliability analysis with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. The data were analyzed using percentage, frequency, mean, standard deviation, the Modified Priority Needs Index (PNI), and content analysis.

Results: The findings revealed that 1) The overall current competency level of school administrators was at a moderate level, while the desired state was at a high level. (2) The priority needs for competency development, ranked from highest to lowest, were: teamwork, service mind, achievement motivation, and self-development. 3) The proposed guidelines for developing competencies include promoting a deep understanding of the context and objectives of the Partnership School Project, fostering a culture of teamwork, encouraging self-development and transformational leadership, and building collaborative networks with all relevant sectors.

Conclusion: The research findings indicate that four core competencies – teamwork, service mind, achievement motivation, and self-development—are essential for holistic and effective school leadership in the context of the Partnership School Project.

The Study on the Effect of Learning Using Simulation Situations on Speaking Ability for First Year Vocational Certificate Students

Nanphaphat Somlum — 2026-03-15

Background and Aims: Scenario-based learning is a process that teachers use to help learners learn according to specified objectives by having them play in situations with roles, information, and rules that reflect reality and interact with things in those situations, using information that is similar to real-world information to make decisions. Then, the objectives of this research were to 1) compare the speaking ability by learning management using simulation situations of first-year vocational certificate students before and after learning; and 2) study the students’ satisfaction toward learning management using simulation situations of first year vocational certificate students.

Methodology: The sample obtained using the cluster random sampling method consisted of 30 first-year vocational certificate students from the electrician department, second semester, academic year 2024, Chachoengsao Technical College. The research instruments included eight lesson plans for the Thai language for careers, vocational certificate level, year 1, unit 4: speaking in careers, assessment of speaking ability in careers, and a satisfaction questionnaire on learning management using simulation situations. The statistics used for data analysis included mean, percentage, standard deviation (S.D.), and hypothesis testing using the t-test

Results: 1) The speaking ability in careers by learning management using simulation situations of first-year vocational certificate students was significantly higher after learning compared to before learning, with a statistical significance of .05. It showed that learning management using simulation situations enabled students to have higher speaking ability in careers, 2) The results of the study on satisfaction in learning management using simulation situations of first-year vocational certificate students found that students had the greatest degree of satisfaction (= 4.61, S.D. = 0.60).

Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that the use of simulation-based learning had a statistically significant effect on the development of speaking skills in professional contexts among first-year vocational certificate students. Furthermore, the students expressed the highest level of satisfaction with this learning approach, indicating the appropriateness and effectiveness of the implemented instructional method.

Academic Leadership of School Administrators Influencing the Development of Professional Learning Communities in Schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Krung Thon Tai Group

Tawita Nato — 2026-03-15

Background and Aims: This research aimed to: (1) investigate the level of academic leadership among school administrators under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), Krung Thon Tai Group; (2) assess the level of professional learning community development in these schools; and (3) examine how academic leadership influences the development of professional learning communities in schools under the BMA’s Krung Thon Tai Group.

Methodology: The sample group consisted of 353 school administrators and teachers from 70 schools during the academic year 2024. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Results: The results showed that: (1) The overall level of academic leadership was rated the highest. Among the specific aspects, the highest mean score was for supervision and facilitation of instructional reflection, followed by setting indicators and setting indicators, shared goals, and mutual understanding, while the lowest was for whole-school teacher professional development. (2) The overall professional learning community implementation level was at the highest level. The aspect with the highest score was collegiality, followed by organizational culture transformation, with shared vision rated the lowest. (3) The academic leadership dimensions that significantly influenced the development of professional learning communities were supervision and facilitation of instructional reflection (X₃) and setting indicators, shared goals, and mutual understanding (X₂), with statistical significance at the .01 level. Higher than the assumptions made.

Conclusion: The variables with the highest influence on the prediction in order from most to least are: monitoring and providing reflection on the teaching and learning process (X₃), setting common goals and creating understanding with goals (X₂) in schools under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Thonburi South Group, all factors can be predicted together to predict the variable of being a professional learning community by 69.20 percent.

Challenging Leadership of School Administrators Influencing the Management of Bilingual School Projects under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

Jarawee Kasien — 2026-03-15

Abstract

Background and Aims: The objectives of this study were to : (1) examine the level of challenging leadership among administrators of bilingual school projects under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, (2) assess the level of bilingual project management in these schools, and (3) analyze the influence of administrators’ challenging leadership on the management of bilingual school projects.

Methodology: The sample consisted of 357 government teachers involved in bilingual school projects under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration in the academic year 2024. Stratified random sampling was used, based on school size. A questionnaire was used as the research instrument. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

Results: (1) administrators' overall level of challenging leadership was high. Among the dimensions, encouraging the heart had the highest mean score, followed by enabling others to act, while inspiring a shared vision received the lowest. (2) The overall level of bilingual project management was rated the highest. The top-rated aspect was creating physical and social learning environments conducive to quality instruction, followed by having a clear vision and mission, while the lowest-rated aspect was academic development based on the school curriculum for all target groups. (3) Challenging leadership significantly influenced the management of bilingual school projects at the .01 level. The most influential predictors were inspiring a shared vision (X2), encouraging the heart (X5), challenging the process (X3), and enabling others to act (X4), collectively explaining 71.80% of the variance (R² = 0.718).

Conclusion: The variables with the highest influence in Bilingual School Projects under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, were as follows: inspire a Shared Vision (X₂), encouraging the heart (X₅), challenge the Process (X₃) and enabling Other to act (X₄). They were able to predict the Management of Bilingual School Projects under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, at 71.80 percent.

Keywords: Challenging Leadership, Management, Bilingual School Project, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration