Labour migration and role of the international labour organization
Keywords:
International labour organization, Labour migration, Migrant workersAbstract
This article describes who is responsible for migration and how the mission is organized. The International Labour Organization (ILO) issued a Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949 (No. 97) and the Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975 (No. 143). The ILO has not succeeded in the role of standard-setting because member states have not yet ratified either convention. In 2002, the World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization was established by the ILO to create equality for migrant workers and to promote multilateral cooperation. The ILO collaborates with the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) because impact of globalization is far more complex than trying to solve the problem alone.
References
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Charnovitz S. (2000). The International Labour Organization in its Second Century. Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law; 4(1): 147-184.
Cholewinski R. International Labour Law and the Protection of Migrant Workers: Revitalizing the Agenda in the Era of Globalization. In Craig, JD, Lynk, M. editor. Globalization and the Future of Labour Law. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2006. p. 409-444.
Elie J. (2010). The Historical Roots of Cooperation between the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and the International Organization for Migration. Global Governance; 16(3): 345-360.
Freitas R. (2013). The Global Human Mobility Architecture. In Reinalda, B. editor. Routledge Handbook of International Organization. New York: Routledge. p. 473-485.
General Assembly. (2016). New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants. Available from: http://www.unhcr.org/57e4f6504.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017
Governing Body. (2015). Agenda of the International Labour Conference (2017-2019). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/ed_norm/relconf/documents/meetingdocument /wcms_348401.pdf Accessed August 1, 2017.
Hein, J. (2008). Refugees. In Darity, Jr. WA. Editor. International Encyclopedia of the Social Science. New York: The Gale Group. p. 125-127.
Helfer, L. R. (2006). Understanding Change in International Organizations: Globalization and Innovation in the ILO. Vanderbilt Law Review; 59(3): 649-726.
ILO. (1949). Migration for Employment Convention (Revised) (No. 97). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/ normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEX PUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312242:NO Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1975). Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention (No. 143). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312288:NO Accessed February 2, 2017
ILO. (1949). Migration for Employment Recommendation (Revised) (No. 86). Available from: http://www.ilo. org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0:: NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312424 Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1975). Migrant Workers Recommendation (No. 151). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/ f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312489:NO Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1923). Offical Bulletin: Volume 1 April 1919 -1920. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/enlish/ bureau/leg/download/partxiii-treaty.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1928a). Migration Laws and Treaties: Emigration Laws and Regulations. Available from: from http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ ilo/ILO-SR/ILO-SR_03_engl_vol.1.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1928b). Migration Laws and Treaties: Immigration Laws and Regulations. Available from: from http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ ilo/ILO-SR/ILO-SR_03_engl_vol.2.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1929). Migration Laws and Treaties: International Treaties and Conventions. Available from: from http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc /ilo/ILO-SR/ILO-SR_03_engl_vol.3.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1951a). Plan for Establishment of I.L.O. Migration Administration. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1951/51B09_107_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1951b). Memorandum on I.L.O. Special Migration Programme. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1951/51B09_45_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1972). Employment, Incomes and Equality: A Strategy for Increasing Productive Employment in Kenya. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/ libdoc/ilo/ 1972/72B09_608_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1976). Employment, Growth and Basic Needs: A One-World Problem. Available from: http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1977/77B09_355_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1999). Decent Work. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc/ilc87/rep-i.htm Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2004a). A Fair Globalization Creating Opportunities for All. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/ english/wcsdg/docs/report.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2004b). A Fair Globalization the Role of the ILO. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/ standards/relm/ilc/ilc92/pdf/adhoc.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2004c). Towards a Fair Deal for Migrant Workers in the Global Economy. Available from: http://www. ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc/ilc92/pdf/rep-vi.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2009). Tackling the global jobs crisis: recovery through decent work policies. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/P/09383/09383(2009-98)28.pdf Accessed June 1, 2017.
ILO. (2010a). Constitution of the International Labour Organization. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/ public/english/bureau/leg/download/constitution.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2010b). ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and Its Follow-Up. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---declaration/documents/publication/ wcms_467653.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2013). Towards the ILO centenary: realities, renewal and tripartite commitment. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_norm/---relconf/documents/meetingdocument /wcms_213836.pdf Accessed June 1, 2017.
ILO. (2014). Fair Migration: Setting an ILO Agenda. Available from: http:// www. ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/relconf/documents/meetingdocument/ wcms_242879.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2016). The End to Poverty Initiative: The ILO and the 2030 Agenda. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/ wcmsp5/groups/public/-ed_norm/-relconf/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_479681.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2017). Decent Work, The Key to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-dgreports/-dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_ 436923.pdf.p.20. Accessed February 2, 2017.
IOM. (2014). Constitution and Basic Texts of the Governing Bodies. Geneva: International Organization for Migration. Available from: http://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/iomconstitution_en.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017
International Training Centre of the ILO. (2014). Guide to International Labour Standards. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---normes/documents/publication/wcms_246944.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017
Karatani R. How History Separated Refugee and Migrant Regimes: In Search of Their Institutional Origins. International Journal of Refugee Law. 2005; 17(3): 517-541.
Koser K. (2006). International Migration: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lahav G, Lavanex S. (2013). International Migration. In Carlsnaes, W, Risse, T, Simmons, BA. Editors, Handbook of International Relations. London: SAGE Publications Ltd; p. 746-774.
Loescher G. (2009). A Universal Mandate to Protect: The Challenges of Refugee Protection. Harvard International Review; 31(3): 44-48.
Maul D. (2012). Human Rights, Development and Decolonization: The International Labour Organization, 1940-1970. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Morse DA. (1986). The World Employment Programme. International Labour Review; 97(6): 517-524.
Morse DA. (1969).The Origin and Evolution of the I.L.O. and its Role in the World Community. New York: Cornell University.
Newland K. (2005). The Governance of International Migration: Mechanisms, Processes and Institutions. Available from: https://www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/shared/mainsite/policy _and_research/gcim/tp/TS8b.pdf Accessed February 6, 2017
Rivera PA. (2006). International Migration. In Vaidya, Ak. editor. Globalization: Encyclopedia of Trade, Labor, and Politics. Oxford: ABC-CLIO;p. 153-164.
Rodgers J, Lee E, Swepston L, Van Daele J. (2009). The International Labour Organization and the Quest for Social Justice 1919-2009.
Roy C, Kaye M. (2002). The International Labour Organization: A Handbook for Minorities and Indigenous People, Minority Rights Group International and Anti-Slavery International.
Saenz R. Migration. In Darity, Jr WA. (Ed.), (2008). International Encyclopedia of the Social Science. New York: The Gale Group;p. 156-159.
Sinclair GT. (2017). To Reform the World: International Organization and the Making of Modern States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shelton D. Soft Law. (2009). In Armstrong D. editor. Routledge Handbook of International Law. Oxon: Routledge;p. 68-80.
Standing G. (2008). The ILO: An Agency for Globalization. Development and Change; 39(3): 355-384.
Taft DR. (1927). Immigration an International Problem. Social Forces; 6(2): 264-270.
The Preliminary Migration Conference. (1950). Migration and Economic Development. (Geneva, April-May 1950). International Labour Review; 62(2); 91-98.
United Nations. (2015). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Available from: http://www.un.org/en/ udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.pdf Accessed February 5, 2017.
Van Daele J. (2008). The International Labour Organization in Past and Present Research. International Review of Social History; 53(3): 485-511.
Van Daele J. (2010). Writing ILO Histories: A state of the Art. In Van Daele, J, Garcia, MR, Goethem, GV, Linden, MVD. Editors. ILO Histories: Essays on the International Labour Organization and its impact on the world during the twentieth century. Bern: Peter Lang; p. 13-39.
Alcock A. E. (1971). History of the International Labour Organisation. London: Macmillan.
Betts A. (2012). UNHCR, Autonomy, and Mandate Change. In Oestreich, JE. Editor. International Organization as Self-Directed Actor. Oxon: Routledge; p. 118-140.
Charnovitz S. (2000). The International Labour Organization in its Second Century. Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law; 4(1): 147-184.
Cholewinski R. International Labour Law and the Protection of Migrant Workers: Revitalizing the Agenda in the Era of Globalization. In Craig, JD, Lynk, M. editor. Globalization and the Future of Labour Law. New York: Cambridge University Press; 2006. p. 409-444.
Elie J. (2010). The Historical Roots of Cooperation between the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and the International Organization for Migration. Global Governance; 16(3): 345-360.
Freitas R. (2013). The Global Human Mobility Architecture. In Reinalda, B. editor. Routledge Handbook of International Organization. New York: Routledge. p. 473-485.
General Assembly. (2016). New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants. Available from: http://www.unhcr.org/57e4f6504.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017
Governing Body. (2015). Agenda of the International Labour Conference (2017-2019). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/ed_norm/relconf/documents/meetingdocument /wcms_348401.pdf Accessed August 1, 2017.
Hein, J. (2008). Refugees. In Darity, Jr. WA. Editor. International Encyclopedia of the Social Science. New York: The Gale Group. p. 125-127.
Helfer, L. R. (2006). Understanding Change in International Organizations: Globalization and Innovation in the ILO. Vanderbilt Law Review; 59(3): 649-726.
ILO. (1949). Migration for Employment Convention (Revised) (No. 97). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/ normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEX PUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312242:NO Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1975). Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention (No. 143). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312288:NO Accessed February 2, 2017
ILO. (1949). Migration for Employment Recommendation (Revised) (No. 86). Available from: http://www.ilo. org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0:: NO::P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312424 Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1975). Migrant Workers Recommendation (No. 151). Available from: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/ f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO:12100:P12100_INSTRUMENT_ID:312489:NO Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1923). Offical Bulletin: Volume 1 April 1919 -1920. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/enlish/ bureau/leg/download/partxiii-treaty.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1928a). Migration Laws and Treaties: Emigration Laws and Regulations. Available from: from http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ ilo/ILO-SR/ILO-SR_03_engl_vol.1.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1928b). Migration Laws and Treaties: Immigration Laws and Regulations. Available from: from http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ ilo/ILO-SR/ILO-SR_03_engl_vol.2.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1929). Migration Laws and Treaties: International Treaties and Conventions. Available from: from http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc /ilo/ILO-SR/ILO-SR_03_engl_vol.3.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1951a). Plan for Establishment of I.L.O. Migration Administration. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1951/51B09_107_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1951b). Memorandum on I.L.O. Special Migration Programme. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1951/51B09_45_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1972). Employment, Incomes and Equality: A Strategy for Increasing Productive Employment in Kenya. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/ libdoc/ilo/ 1972/72B09_608_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1976). Employment, Growth and Basic Needs: A One-World Problem. Available from: http://staging.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/1977/77B09_355_engl.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (1999). Decent Work. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc/ilc87/rep-i.htm Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2004a). A Fair Globalization Creating Opportunities for All. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/ english/wcsdg/docs/report.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2004b). A Fair Globalization the Role of the ILO. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/english/ standards/relm/ilc/ilc92/pdf/adhoc.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2004c). Towards a Fair Deal for Migrant Workers in the Global Economy. Available from: http://www. ilo.org/public/english/standards/relm/ilc/ilc92/pdf/rep-vi.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2009). Tackling the global jobs crisis: recovery through decent work policies. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/P/09383/09383(2009-98)28.pdf Accessed June 1, 2017.
ILO. (2010a). Constitution of the International Labour Organization. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/ public/english/bureau/leg/download/constitution.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2010b). ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work and Its Follow-Up. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---declaration/documents/publication/ wcms_467653.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2013). Towards the ILO centenary: realities, renewal and tripartite commitment. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/--ed_norm/---relconf/documents/meetingdocument /wcms_213836.pdf Accessed June 1, 2017.
ILO. (2014). Fair Migration: Setting an ILO Agenda. Available from: http:// www. ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/relconf/documents/meetingdocument/ wcms_242879.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2016). The End to Poverty Initiative: The ILO and the 2030 Agenda. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/ wcmsp5/groups/public/-ed_norm/-relconf/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_479681.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017.
ILO. (2017). Decent Work, The Key to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/-dgreports/-dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_ 436923.pdf.p.20. Accessed February 2, 2017.
IOM. (2014). Constitution and Basic Texts of the Governing Bodies. Geneva: International Organization for Migration. Available from: http://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/iomconstitution_en.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017
International Training Centre of the ILO. (2014). Guide to International Labour Standards. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---normes/documents/publication/wcms_246944.pdf Accessed February 2, 2017
Karatani R. How History Separated Refugee and Migrant Regimes: In Search of Their Institutional Origins. International Journal of Refugee Law. 2005; 17(3): 517-541.
Koser K. (2006). International Migration: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lahav G, Lavanex S. (2013). International Migration. In Carlsnaes, W, Risse, T, Simmons, BA. Editors, Handbook of International Relations. London: SAGE Publications Ltd; p. 746-774.
Loescher G. (2009). A Universal Mandate to Protect: The Challenges of Refugee Protection. Harvard International Review; 31(3): 44-48.
Maul D. (2012). Human Rights, Development and Decolonization: The International Labour Organization, 1940-1970. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Morse DA. (1986). The World Employment Programme. International Labour Review; 97(6): 517-524.
Morse DA. (1969).The Origin and Evolution of the I.L.O. and its Role in the World Community. New York: Cornell University.
Newland K. (2005). The Governance of International Migration: Mechanisms, Processes and Institutions. Available from: https://www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/shared/mainsite/policy _and_research/gcim/tp/TS8b.pdf Accessed February 6, 2017
Rivera PA. (2006). International Migration. In Vaidya, Ak. editor. Globalization: Encyclopedia of Trade, Labor, and Politics. Oxford: ABC-CLIO;p. 153-164.
Rodgers J, Lee E, Swepston L, Van Daele J. (2009). The International Labour Organization and the Quest for Social Justice 1919-2009.
Roy C, Kaye M. (2002). The International Labour Organization: A Handbook for Minorities and Indigenous People, Minority Rights Group International and Anti-Slavery International.
Saenz R. Migration. In Darity, Jr WA. (Ed.), (2008). International Encyclopedia of the Social Science. New York: The Gale Group;p. 156-159.
Sinclair GT. (2017). To Reform the World: International Organization and the Making of Modern States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shelton D. Soft Law. (2009). In Armstrong D. editor. Routledge Handbook of International Law. Oxon: Routledge;p. 68-80.
Standing G. (2008). The ILO: An Agency for Globalization. Development and Change; 39(3): 355-384.
Taft DR. (1927). Immigration an International Problem. Social Forces; 6(2): 264-270.
The Preliminary Migration Conference. (1950). Migration and Economic Development. (Geneva, April-May 1950). International Labour Review; 62(2); 91-98.
United Nations. (2015). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Available from: http://www.un.org/en/ udhrbook/pdf/udhr_booklet_en_web.pdf Accessed February 5, 2017.
Van Daele J. (2008). The International Labour Organization in Past and Present Research. International Review of Social History; 53(3): 485-511.
Van Daele J. (2010). Writing ILO Histories: A state of the Art. In Van Daele, J, Garcia, MR, Goethem, GV, Linden, MVD. Editors. ILO Histories: Essays on the International Labour Organization and its impact on the world during the twentieth century. Bern: Peter Lang; p. 13-39.
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2019-06-24
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ธีระโกศลพงศ์ ก. (2019). Labour migration and role of the international labour organization. Trends of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 5(2), 59–80. retrieved from https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/Humanties-up/article/view/197060
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