Trends of Humanities and Social Sciences Research

Managing the Elderly Care Business: Business Opportunities and Challenges

Sarawan Ruangkalapawongse — 2025-09-19

Thailand is entering a complete aging society. It is expected that by 2035, the elderly aged 60 and over will account for 28% of the population. The demand for services for the elderly is increasing in terms of health, housing, care, and activities to promote quality of life. This business has high potential, but there are business challenges such as operating costs, high investment, a shortage of personnel with skills in caring for the elderly, social attitudes and values towards caring for the elderly, differences in family income and needs of the elderly, while increasing business opportunities in providing health care and rehabilitation services, housing services for the elderly, supporting technology, equipment for caring for the elderly, including recreational activities and tourism for the elderly. The approach to business success must create differences and innovations that combine home care and care centers, create cooperation between the public and private sectors to reduce operating costs, and set service standards by using digital technology to reduce labor limitations. Understanding the diverse needs of the elderly will help this business achieve sustainable success in the long term.

Guidelines for Promoting Civic Engagement using Creative Thai Language Learning for High School Students

Artid Saokham — 2025-09-19

This article aims to present 1) the components of civic engagement and 2) the approaches to creative Thai language learning management for promoting civic engagement among upper secondary students. The study identifies two key components of civic engagement: 1) Social Interaction and Responsibility and 2) Social Services and Useful Creativity. The proposed approach to creative Thai language learning management is structured around a five-step learning process: 1) Spot to Recognize, 2) Understanding Integration Issues, 3) Project Mobilize, 4) Envision and Apply Creatively, and 5) Reflect, Expand, and Disseminate Values in Society. This approach provides a framework for educators to enhance instruction that fosters higher-order thinking competencies, ultimately cultivating learners as valuable individuals and responsible global citizens.

Strategies for Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Enhance the Efficiency of Teaching and Achieve Student Learning Outcomes in the Era of Educational Disruptive Technological Change

Phongsak Phakamach — 2025-09-19

This article aims to synthesis strategies for utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance the efficiency of teaching management and achieve student learning outcomes in the era of educational disruptive technological change. It reviews relevant concepts, theories, and literature concerning the application of AI in education, emphasizing its potential to improve student learning, support educators, and develop learning management systems. The article presents effective strategies such as advanced personalized learning, supporting educators with intelligent tools, developing smart learning environments, promoting 21^st century skills, and supporting lifelong learning, along with practical guidelines for implementing these strategies. These guidelines emphasize planning, personnel development, appropriate technology selection, data management and privacy, monitoring and evaluation, and collaboration. Furthermore, the article provides examples of successful case studies in applying AI in various educational contexts worldwide, demonstrating tangible results in elevating the quality of education. Ultimately, the article concludes and discusses key issues, challenges, and policy and implementation recommendations to ensure the smooth and efficient integration of AI in education for the maximum benefit of students and the education system in the era of disruptive technological change. The recommendations focus on developing policy frameworks, investing in research, promoting collaboration, developing personnel, raising awareness, and supporting access to technology. For implementation, the emphasis is on starting with pilot projects, assessing readiness, developing teachers, integrating AI, data collection and evaluation, building learning communities, prioritizing students, and collaborating with technology developers. Therefore, it can be concluded that the presented strategies for using AI, derived from all the specified content, can genuinely be applied to enhance teaching and learning management and achieve learning outcomes for students in the era of educational disruptive technological change.

Prediction of Achievement in Primary School Students Using Support Vector Machine Algorithm

Jutamart Tanyala — 2025-09-19

This academic article focuses on the application of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to predict the academic performance of Grade 6 students in the 2024 academic year. Artificial intelligence technology, specifically ChatGPT, was employed to simulate a dataset of 1,000 student records, based on real data collected from three schools in Loei Province, Thailand. The dataset included variables such as gender, grade point average (GPA), cumulative GPA, study hours, and academic status, while personal identifiers were excluded to ensure privacy. The data were divided into two sets: 70% for model training and 30% for testing to evaluate the model’s performance. The model development process consisted of five main stages: (1) data collection, (2) data preparation, (3) model construction, (4) performance evaluation using 10-fold cross-validation, and (5) implementation using Altair AI Studio Educational 2025.0.0. The results revealed that the SVM model demonstrated high levels of performance in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall, confirming its potential as a reliable tool for academic performance prediction. Additionally, the model was integrated into the One Compiler application, an online coding platform that supports HTML-based user interface design. This enabled users to input student data and conveniently receive predictive outcomes. The tool serves as a practical resource for school administrators, teachers, and stakeholders to enhance decision-making and improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning management.

Learning Through Bloom’s Hierarchical Thinking: The Impact of Practice Exercises on Prisms and Cylinders for Grade 8 Students

Supannika Chananil — 2025-09-19

This research aimed to 1) develop a set of practice exercises based on Bloom’s Taxonomy for enhancing students’ understanding of prisms and cylinders, 2) evaluate the effectiveness of the developed exercises using the 80/80 efficiency criterion, and 3) examine the impact of the exercises on students’ mathematical understanding. The study employed a one-group pretest–posttest design. The sample consisted of 34 from Grade 8/1 at Phanom Phrai Witthayakhan School, Roi Et Province, during the first semester of the 2024 academic year selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included 15 lesson plans, five sets of Bloom’s Taxonomy-based practice exercises, and a 20-item multiple-choice achievement test. The exercises were validated for content accuracy with IOC values ranging from 0.67 to 1.00, and the test had a reliability coefficient (KR-20) of 0.82. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, dependent samples t-test, and efficiency analysis (E1/E2). The results revealed that the developed learning exercises demonstrated an efficiency level of 82.94/83.82, which exceeded the standard criterion of 80/80. Students’ posttest scores (= 8.38) were significantly higher than their pretest scores (= 5.94) at the .05 significance level. These findings indicate that practice exercises based on Bloom’s taxonomy were effective in enhancing students’ understanding of prisms and cylinders in a statistically significant manner.

English Code-Mixing in Thai Appeared in Line Stickers

Nilubon Srithep — 2025-09-19

This research aims to study the patterns of English-Thai code-mixing appearing in LINE stickers and analyze the changes in word types and meanings of English-mixed words in LINE stickers. Data were collected from messages in the official and creator categories of LINE stickers created by illustrators, selecting the top 30 most popular sets, totaling 83 messages. The study analyzed the characteristics of English-Thai code-mixing at the word and phrase levels by applying the frameworks of Anuchit Toomanijinda et al. (2022), Prathana Kalanuwakul (2001), Wilaisak Kingkham (2007), and Ho (2007). Analyze the types of mixed words by comparing their meanings according to the Royal Institute Dictionary 2011 and the Cambridge English-Thai Online Dictionary. The findings revealed that the most common form of English-Thai code-mixing was transliteration, followed by using English words, clipping, reduplication, abbreviations, and hybridization strategies, respectively. The analysis of word types and meanings showed that English-mixed words in Thai were mostly nouns, followed by verbs and adjectives, while interjections, adverbs, prepositions, pronouns, and determiners were less frequent. Regarding the grammatical functions and semantic changes of English-mixed words in LINE stickers, the study found that these words underwent grammatical function shifts and semantic changes when used in the Thai language context.

Life Changes: The Phenomenon of Student Adaptation in The Context of Family Separation

Jittiwat Kaewdee — 2025-09-19

Currently, the family institution is facing changes in many dimensions. One phenomenon that is likely to become an increasing problem in society is the phenomenon of family separation, which inevitably causes students to live amidst changes within the family. Therefore, it is very important to conduct research on student adaptation in such contexts. This research is a qualitative phenomenological research. The purpose of this research is to study student adaptation in the context of family separation. The target group is 6 lower and upper secondary school students from separated families. The research instruments used are in-depth interviews and qualitative data analysis using the ATLAS.ti program. The research results found that students have various adaptation patterns, depending on their personal experiences and contexts. It consists of 4 dimensions according to Roy's adaptation theory as follows: 1) Physiological mode: stress-related health problems such as migraines, insomnia, depression, and self-harm behaviors; 2) Self-concept mode: feelings of loss, insecurity, and changes in self-image; 3) Role function mode: concerns about school and the future, while some cases have increased motivation; and 4) Interdependence mode: support from family, friends, and teachers significantly affects students' adaptation. The research results reflect the benefits of developing strategies to help vulnerable students and developing mental support policies. and will be useful for applying the research results to policy through the student assistance system to continuously monitor students in risk or vulnerable groups in the future.

Equal Liberty in Family Formation of LGBTQ+ Gen Z in Thailand

Thanchanok Madasri — 2025-09-19

This research employed qualitative research based on phenomenology. It aims to explore the needs of the LGBTQ+ Gen Z group in Thailand regarding the freedom to create a family according to phenomenological principles. The key informants, who provided firsthand experiences and comprehensive data, consisted of five university students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using tools such as personal interview records, semi-structured interview guides, and audio recorders. The data were analyzed based on Rawls’ theory of equal liberty. Through synthesizing the essential meanings and identifying the essence of the studied phenomenon, the findings were presented in the form of descriptive analysis. The results revealed that the needs of LGBTQ+ Gen Z in family formation can be analyzed through the lens of equal liberty in three aspects: (1) freedom to choose one’s lifestyle, (2) freedom of legal rights, and (3) freedom of sexual expression. Additionally, the study identified a dimension of expectations regarding social acceptance of diversity. This research proposes policy and social development guidelines such as reviewing laws to protect rights, promoting awareness through public media, incorporating human rights concepts into educational curricula, and fostering support from families and society. These measures aim to create a space where the voices and hopes of LGBTQ+ Gen Z in Thailand regarding stable and equal family formation can be recognized.

Development of the “Lam Ploen Ruesi Dadton” for Older Adults’ Club in Ubon Ratchathani Province

Siriwan Janjang — 2025-09-19

Multimodal exercise is appropriate for older adults, as its incorporation of diverse activities enhances motivation and sustained participation. This research aims to develop "Lam Ploen Ruesi Dadton" as an optional exercise for the older adults’ club. The participants were members of the Older Adults’ Club under the Ubon Ratchathani Provincial Administrative Organization. The research instruments included a survey on the older adults' needs for curriculum development and a satisfaction questionnaire regarding the trial use of the Lam Ploen Ruesi Dadton dance for the older adults. The development process of the dance involved seven steps: 1) studying relevant knowledge on exercise for the elderly and Lam Ploen, 2) surveying the needs for curriculum development, 3) adjusting the music tempo, 4) designing the movements, 5) consulting experts for feedback, 6) refining the movements, and 7) trialing the movements and assessing satisfaction. The findings indicated that the Lam Ploen Ruesi Dadton movements for the older adults were improved by slowing down the music tempo and reducing foot stomping, with the exercise duration extended to 20 minutes. The developed Lam Ploen Ruesi Dadton dance comprised 31 movements. Regarding curriculum development needs, all topics were rated at a high level, with mean scores ranging from 3.78 to 4.23. The satisfaction assessment of the trial implementation of the Lam Ploen Ruesi Dadton exercise revealed the highest level of satisfaction across all items, except for the item related to performing the movements in rhythm, which received a high level of satisfaction. Mean satisfaction scores ranged from 4.34 to 4.80. A recommendation for further study is to investigate clinical outcomes, including the effects on the physical and mental health of participants.

The Relationship between Executive Compensation and Corporate Performance through Financial Risk Status of Listed Companies in The Stock Exchange of Thailand

Teemaporn Petchnamkang — 2025-09-19

This research article aims to study the relationship between executive compensation and performance through financial risk status. The study was conducted using data from companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand in 2021-2023, totaling 1,531 data, and using descriptive statistics and multiple regression statistics to analyze the data. The results of the study found that executive compensation had a positive relationshipwith performance at a statistical significance level of 0.01, indicating that setting appropriate compensation motivates executives to manage their work more efficiently. Meanwhile, financial risk status, measured by the debt-to-equity ratio, had a negative relationship with the return on total assets (ROA) ratio and the return on total equity (ROE) ratio at a statistical significance level of 0.01, reflecting that organizations with high debt burden tend to have lower profit performance. However, there was a statistically insignificant positive relationship with the market value (Tobin’s Q), which may indicate that the market’s perception has not yet clearly responded to capital structure risk. At the same time, the liquidity ratio did not significantly influence performance in any dimension, indicating that the ability to pay short-term debts alone may not be an important variable affecting the overall performance of the organization. Especially when compared to the debt burden in the capital structure that has a clearer effect on the ability to generate returns. In addition, it was found that executive compensation is not related to the financial risk status. This indicates that the financial risk status cannot be a variable that transmits between executive compensation and performance. This study can provide insights into the role of executive compensation in driving the organization's performance, which can help companies determine appropriate compensation that is consistent with performance. In addition, the results of the study can be a guideline for developing risk management strategies, especially in terms of finance, which, although it does not affect performance in all aspects, can play a role in terms of image, transparency, and building confidence from investors.

Problems and Obstacles in Accounting Practices Leading to Accounting System Development Guidelines for Community Enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province

Prangthip Soeykrathoke — 2025-09-19

This research aims to: 1) study the problems and obstacles in accounting for community enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province; 2) compare personal characteristics with opinions on the problems and obstacles of accounting in community enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province; and 3) propose guidelines for developing an accounting system for community enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province. A mixed-methods research was employed. The quantitative sample consisted of 201 accounting preparers from community enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province which were obtained by multistage sampling. The qualitative sample comprised 25 experts in community enterprise accounting were purposively selected. Research instruments included questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including percentages, means, and standard deviations, as well as inferential statistics such as the F-test and one-way ANOVA, with a statistical significance level set at 0.05. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

The research findings revealed: 1) The overall current level of problems and obstacles in accounting for community enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province was at high level. Specifically, the aspect of knowledge and competency was at high level, while tools used in operations was at moderate level. 2) Regarding the differences between personal characteristics and opinions on problems and obstacles, hypothesis testing showed that accounting preparers in community enterprises with different ages, educational levels, fields of study, and work experience had statistically significant differences in their views on accounting problems and obstacles at the 0.05 level, which aligns with the formulated hypothesis. 3) The proposed guidelines for developing an accounting system for community enterprises in Nakhon Phanom Province included: (1) developing personnel's accounting and technological knowledge and competencies; (2) developing a simple and standardized accounting system and processes; (3) applying appropriate and accessible technology; (4) promoting transparency and internal control; and (5) obtaining support from government agencies and academic institutions.

The Effects of Risk Assessment Process on Operational Efficiency of Accounting Firms in Udon Thani Province

Nitigorn Junsuriyasak — 2025-09-19

This research aimed to: (1) study the relationship between the risk assessment process and the operational efficiency of accounting firms in Udon Thani Province, and (2) examine the effects of the risk assessment process on the operational efficiency of accounting firms in Udon Thani Province. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 64 accounting firms. Statistical methods employed for data analysis included multiple correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.

The results of this research found that 1) risk assessment process, in risk identification, risk analysis and risk evaluation, There was a statistically significant positive correlation with both overall and individual aspects of operational efficiency at the 0.05 level. 2) Overall risk assessment process, in risk identification, risk analysis and risk evaluation, has a statistically significant positive impact on both overall and individual aspects of operational efficiency at the 0.05 level. The findings of this study indicate that the risk assessment process is a vital mechanism that plays a significant role in enhancing the quality and efficiency of operational performance. Therefore, accounting firms should prioritize the implementation of a systematic and continuous risk assessment process in order to strengthen operational stability, improve competitive advantage, and lead the organization toward long-term sustainability.

The Analysis of Viewer Comments on Tourism YouTube Channels: A Case Study of Popular Channels

Sutthikan Watthanaphokhayakit — 2025-09-19

This study aims to analyze the viewer's perceptions of YouTube channels related to travel and to examine the viewing behaviors of contemporary viewers in relation to such content, using two popular channels, Cullen HateBerry and BACKPAEGER, as case studies. These channels present travel, tourism, and cultural content in distinctly different ways. The research focuses on analyzing viewer comments from the top ten most-viewed videos on each channel, selecting only the fifty most liked comments to reflect the prevailing viewer opinions. It further examines the factors influencing the popularity of travel YouTube channels from the perspective of online media consumers.

The research employs a qualitative methodology, collecting a total of 1,000 viewer comments, which are categorized into 10 main types, such as opinions on the YouTuber's persona, content presentation, the beauty of travel destinations, and viewers' personal experiences with the content, then using content analysis method. The analysis reveals that the Cullen Hate Berry channel received predominantly positive comments regarding the YouTuber's personality, storytelling ability, and emotional expression, followed by comments encouraging the team and expressing enjoyment from watching. In contrast, the BACKPAEGER channel received the most comments focused on information about travel destinations and culture, followed by praise for the YouTuber and continued interest in new content. The findings indicate that the viewing behaviors of both channels places significant value on the content creator as an influential figure in travel, impacting the viewers' attitudes and behaviors, such as decisions regarding travel destinations featured in the videos. However, the nature of the comments differed according to each channel's distinctive characteristics. The Cullen HateBerry channel emphasized the YouTuber's charm and unique abilities, while the BACKPAEGER channel attracted attention for its informative and insightful content on travel destinations. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights that can be applied to the development of online media strategies, aligning content production with the interests and expectations of target viewers more effectively.