Leisure Awareness and Constraints to Participate in Leisure Leisure Awareness and Constraints to Participation in Leisure for Working-Ages in Bangkok

Abstract

This study aimed to: (1) examine leisure awareness and constraints on leisure participation, and (2) explore the relationship between leisure awareness and constraints to leisure participation among working-age people in Bangkok. The sample consisted of 400 working-age individuals aged 18-59 years, selected through multi-stage random sampling. The research instrument for data collection was a questionnaire developed by the researcher, with an index of item-objective (IOC) ranging from 0.60 to 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of 0.95, based on a rating scale. Data were analyzed using percentages, means, and standard deviations. Differences between means were tested using the t-test, while a one-way ANOVA with Fisher's method was applied for differences between the means of more than two groups at a statistical significance level of 0.05, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to test relationships. The study was reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee. The findings revealed the following:

1. Working-age people in Bangkok exhibited overall leisure awareness at a "strongly agree" level (= 3.36, S.D. = .351).


2. Their overall opinion about constraints to leisure participation at a "disagree" level ( = 2.22, S.D. = .543).

1. There was no significant relationship between overall leisure awareness and constraints to leisure participation among working-age people in Bangkok. When examining each aspect separately, it was found that leisure awareness (in terms of leisure time use, leisure time experience, relationships with life, and quality of life) was not related to constraints to leisure participation. However, the relationship with society was negatively correlated with constraints to leisure participation.