Thai Journal of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

Futuristic Trends and Directions of Physical Education in Thailand

2025-04-10T21:57:23+07:00

This academic article aims to present the future trends of physical education at the primary and secondary levels, serving as a guideline to promote students’ health, knowledge, and life skills. A notable example is Naperville High School in the United States, which successfully implemented the “Learning Readiness Physical Education (LRPE)” program, requiring students to exercise for 35 minutes daily with heart rate monitors. After three months, students’ science and mathematics scores significantly improved. Inspired by this, China reformed its physical education curriculum in 2022, integrating Confucian values of discipline and Maoist principles of mass sports emphasizing diligence and perseverance. Teachers play a crucial role as role models, while outstanding students are rewarded and encouraged to lead by example. These approaches can be adapted to Thailand’s physical education by integrating medical and movement sciences, aiming to enhance students’ brain health and cognitive development. Research has confirmed that physical activity positively influences brain function and intellectual abilities. Integrating movement science into curricula can help students achieve both physical and academic success, equipping them for the challenges of the 21st century.

The Development of Hatha Yoga Exercise form with Loincloth Among the Elderly

2023-06-29T01:14:47+07:00

The purpose of this research was to develop an exercise activity model incorporating Hatha yoga with a traditional Thai loincloth for the elderly. The study was conducted in three stages: 1) assessing the needs for exercise activities among the elderly, 2) developing the exercise model, and 3) evaluating its quality by experts. The population in the needs assessment stage comprised 998 elderly members of senior citizen clubs in Chatuchak District, Bangkok. The sample group for the development and try-out stage consisted of 30 elderly individuals aged 60-70 years from Nonthaburi Province, selected using purposive sampling. The developed model consisted of five components: exercise steps, exercise program details, exercise program, pre- and post-training tests, and an exercise manual. The model’s content validity was assessed by 10 experts, yielding an overall Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) of 0.82. The highest IOC values (0.90) were for exercise steps and the physical fitness test, followed by the program details and the manual (0.80), and the lowest was the exercise program plan (0.70).

The findings indicate that the developed model is appropriate and can effectively be applied to promote holistic health and physical fitness among elderly individuals.

The Study of Needs Assessment on the Development of Physical Education Assessment Learning Model in the 21st Century for Secondary School Students

2023-07-01T18:44:42+07:00

The purpose of this research was to study needs assessment on the development of physical education learning assessment model in the 21^st century for secondary school students. Subjects for quantitative data were 110 teachers in health and physical education learning area in the secondary educational service office Nakhon Pathom selected by
multi-stage random sampling. The purposive subjects for qualitative data were 4 teachers. The instruments were: 1) A questionnaire has content validity of 0.60-1.00, reliability of 0.96. and 2) A semi-structure interview has content validity of 0.60-1.00. Quantitative data were analyzed by means, standard deviation, and PNI modified. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis.

Findings were as follows: 1) In quantitative, teachers had the opinions on actual and expected of the model components of the whole was high level, and the highest of need assessment of component was the purpose of the model. In qualitative, teachers agreed with the analysis results of quantitative data. 2) In quantitative, teachers had the opinions on actual and expected of the model steps of the whole of high level, and the highest of need assessment of the model steps was the observation and data collection step. In qualitative, teachers agreed with the analysis results of quantitative data.

Prevalence of 24-H Movement Guideline Compliance in Lover Secondary School Students

2023-07-13T00:38:04+07:00

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of lower secondary school students in Pathumwan Demonstration School who could comply with the 24-hour movement guideline. Three hundred thirty-six students participated in the study using purposive sampling. They were 176 males (48.1%) and 190 females (51.9%) (age 13.7±0.5 years). The 24-hour movement guideline compliance and Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaires were used to determine the compliance. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were analyzed.

The results showed that 1) only 0.82% (3 students) met the guideline in all aspects 2) 4.92% (19 students) met the guideline only in physical activity aspect 3) 33.33% (122 students) met the guideline only in sedentary behavior aspect 4) 12.29% (45 students) met the guideline only in sleep aspect 5) 56.56% (207 students) could not comply with the 24-hour movement guideline of children and youth at all.

Athletics Training Program Based on Game Based Learning and Station Training to Enhance Enjoyment and Physical Fitness of School Sports Athletics

2025-04-26T20:13:23+07:00

The objectives of this research were 1) Compare mean scores of enjoyments and physical fitness tests before and after experimental group 2) Compare mean score of enjoyment and physical fitness test. after experiment between experimental group and control group. The sample group selected by Purposive selection, of 60 students, 30 students’ experimental group and 30 students control group. Experimental group was 8 weeks, 3 times a week, 60 minutes. Research tools consist of 1) Athletics training program based on game-based learning and station training used in experiment (IOC = 0.8-1.0) 2) Physical fitness test (IOC = 1.00) 3) Physical activity enjoyment scale (IOC = 0.8-1.0) The data were analyzed mean, standard deviation, and t-test.

The research findings were as follows: 1) the mean scores of enjoyments and physical fitness test of the experimental group 2) the mean scores on of enjoyment and physical fitness of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group at .05 level of significance. Conclusion: Athletics training program based on game-based learning and station training to enhance enjoyment and physical fitness of sports school athletics made enjoyment and better in physical performance.

Effects of the Gymnastics Skills Training Program Based up on Flipped Classroom Concept to the Academic Achievement of Undergraduate Students for Thailand National Sports University

2023-07-13T00:39:11+07:00

The purpose of this experimental research was 1) develop a gymnastics skills training program based on the flipped classroom concept for students at the National Sports University, Chonburi Campus; 2) compare learning achievement in knowledge and skills before and after instruction, both within and between groups, prior to training and after the 8th week; and 3) assess students’ satisfaction with the program. The sample consisted of 40 third-year students majoring in Sport Science and Exercise, purposively selected and divided into a control group (n = 20) receiving regular instruction and an experimental group (n = 20) receiving regular instruction combined with the flipped classroom-based program. The training was conducted once a week for 3 hours over 8 weeks. Research instruments included the training program, a knowledge test, a gymnastics skills test, and a satisfaction questionnaire, with instrument quality verified by CVI and IOC indices. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics, including dependent sample t-test for within-group comparisons and the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for between-group comparisons.

The results revealed that: (1) the experimental group’s post-test knowledge and skill scores were significantly higher than their pre-test scores (p < .01); (2) post-test scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .01); (3) the instructional media

evaluation score was 1.00; and (4) students’ satisfaction averaged 4.96 (S.D. = 0.15), rated as very high. The flipped classroom-based gymnastics training program can be applied to other skill-based sports courses, particularly those requiring specific techniques, to enhance learning effectiveness and sustainably develop learner competencies.

Attitudes of Junior High School Students Kasetsart University Laboratory School Center for Educational Research and Development towards Physical Education Learning Management in the Situation of COVID-19

2025-04-26T20:15:41+07:00

This research aimed to study the attitudes of junior high school students at the Kasetsart University Laboratory School, Center for Educational Research and Development. The sample consisted of 263 junior high school students selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was an attitude questionnaire on physical education learning management during the COVID-19 situation, covering six aspects. The questionnaire was validated by five experts, with an index of item-objective congruence (IOC) greater than 0.70, and had a reliability coefficient of 0.97. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and percentage, and the differences in students’ attitudes toward physical education during the COVID-19 pandemic between male and female students were compared using an independent t-test.

The research found: 1) most respondents were 13–14 years old, in their second year of junior high school, and they improved their physical education skills by participating in physical activities, sports, and leisure activities, mainly in the evening; 2) overall, junior high school students had a positive attitude toward physical education; and 3) the attitudes of male and female students differed significantly regarding physical education during the COVID-19 situation, with statistical significance at the .05 level.

The Propose Guidelines for Problems Solving in Physical Education Learning Online Assessments of Primary Schools in Nakhon Pathom Province

2023-07-09T10:56:06+07:00

The purpose of this research is to present a solution to the problem of measurement and evaluation. learning physical education online Primary school level in Nakhon Pathom Province The population was physical education teachers at the elementary school level. under the Office of Nakhon Pathom Primary Educational Service Area, Area 1 and Area 2 in Nakhon Pathom Province, totaling 238 people. The questionnaire was used as a research tool. It was examined for quality by 5 experts. The Index of Concordance (IOC) was between 0.91-0.94 and the Cronbach's confidence was 0.87. Data were analyzed for frequency and percentage. The results of the research showed that the approaches to solving the problem of measuring and evaluating online physical education learning were as follows: (1) knowledge, there should be a variety of examination methods to prevent copying of the examination, 78.70 percent (2) sports skills Sports quizzes should be chosen that are not too easy and not too difficult. because each student has a different level of sports ability, 82.11 percent (3) physical fitness Should prepare documents about the physical fitness test procedures and methods for students to study and give additional advice to students, 88.72 percent (4) Attitude, teachers should prepare methods to measure behavior in each aspect as appropriate. fair and correct, 91.80 percent and

Development of Athletics Curriculum Based on Motivation and Attitude Enhancement of Lower Secondary School Students

2023-07-04T00:50:19+07:00

This research aims to: 1) Study the current problems, needs, opinions, and suggestions of the athletics curriculum based on motivation and attitude enhancement of lower secondary school students. 2)Develop the athletics curriculum 3) Evaluate the quality of the athletics curriculum. The sample group consisted of 484 subjects, including administrators, physical education teachers, and lower secondary school students. The research utilized a questionnaire on the development of the athletics curriculum, for administrators and physical education teachers showed a congruence value ranging from 0.60 to 1.00, which falls within an acceptable range. Additionally, for students, the congruence value falls within the range of 0.90 to 1.00, which is also within an acceptable range. and an assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the developed curriculum.

The research findings indicate that: 1) Administrators assessed the problem situation to be at a moderate level and the necessity to be at the highest level. Physical education teachers assessed the problem situation to be at a moderate level and the necessity to be at a high level. Similarly, middle school students assessed the problem situation to be at a moderate level and the necessity to be at a high level. 2) The presentation of the draft of the athletics curriculum based on motivation and attitude enhancement of lower secondary school students including fundamental educational principles, important student competencies, desirable characteristics, school vision, teaching plans/course descriptions, course structure schedules, and assessment plans, followed by an examination of the curriculum's quality, revealed a high level of congruence between the components of the curriculum and its content, with an index value ranging from 0.70 to 1.00, which falls within an acceptable range.

Effects of Traditions Long Boat Skills Training Program with Circuit Training Program up on Physical Fitness of Traditions Long Boat Paddler

2023-07-27T23:47:50+07:00

This research aimed to compare the effects of a traditional long-boat paddling skill training program combined with circuit training on the physical fitness of traditional long-boat athletes. The sample consisted of 40 male athletes who were divided into two groups of 20 each: a control group and an experimental group. The training program lasted for eight weeks, three days per week. The research instruments included: (1) a traditional long-boat paddling skill training program combined with circuit training with an IOC of 0.85 and 0.80, respectively; and (2) a physical fitness test for rowing athletes. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and t-tests. Dependent t-tests were used for within-group comparisons, and independent t-tests were used for between-group comparisons before training, after four weeks, and after eight weeks.

The results showed that: (1) the physical fitness of the experimental group significantly improved between the pre-test, week 4, and week 8 at the .05 level; and (2) comparisons between the control and experimental groups revealed no significant differences in overall physical fitness after four and eight weeks of training. However, arm muscle power showed a statistically significant difference at the .05 level.

Effects of Active Learning Management in Sword and Pole Fighting Class on 12 Pole Fighting Stances for Physical Education Students of Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University

2025-04-26T20:24:53+07:00

The purposes of this research were: 1) to compare the learning achievement of students who studied through active learning in the course of Krabi Krabong on the “12 Sword Dance Forms”; 2) to compare the students’ sword-dance skills against the 80% criterion; and 3) to study the students’ satisfaction with active learning. The target group consisted of 30 third-year students majoring in Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham Rajabhat University, who enrolled in course 1014011 Krabi Krabong during the first semester of the academic year 2022. The sample was selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included the course specification (TQF 3) of 1014011 Krabi Krabong, a learning achievement test, a sword-dance skill assessment form, and a satisfaction questionnaire. Data analysis employed mean, standard deviation, dependent samples t-test, and one-sample t-test.

The results revealed that: (1) students’ post-test scores were significantly higher than their pre-test scores at the .05 level; (2) students’ sword-dance skills had an average score of 50.07 with a standard deviation of 4.38, which was significantly higher than the 80% criterion at the .05 level; and (3) students’ overall satisfaction with active learning was at the highest level (X̅ = 4.95, S.D. = 0.18).

Factors Affecting Parents’ Decision to Select Football Academy in Bangkok

2023-09-02T00:44:26+07:00

The purpose of this study was to compare parents’ decision to select football academies in Bangkok classified by demographic factors, including gender, age, occupation, education level, and monthly income. The population consisted of parents whose children enrolled in football academies in Bangkok, with the exact number unknown. The sample size of 400 parents was determined using an infinite population formula with a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error. Data were collected using questionnaires comprising three sections: demographic information, the importance of marketing mix factors (7Ps), and additional open-ended suggestions. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, and one-way ANOVA.

The results revealed that:

1) For demographic factors, it was found the results of the study were compared between demographic data and marketing mix factors process in the form of a test T-test and One way ANOVA. The demographic study found age occupation and monthly income affecting the marketing mix factors for parents selecting football academies in Bangkok significantly at the 0.05 level.

2) Based on the study conducted on the importance of the marketing mix in decision-making when parents selecting football academies in Bangkok, the results indicated that the overall importance of the marketing mix factors was at the highest level process by Mean and Standard Deviation with the sample groups agreeing the most in terms of physical (X̅ = 4.86, S.D. = 0.48) followed by person ( X̅ = 4.77, S.D. = 0.49). and location (X̅ =4.76, S.D. = 0.66) respectively.

Keywords: Factors, Football Academy, Parents

Construction and Exploratory Factor Analysis of Sportsmanship for Junior High School Students in Physical Education at Singburi School

2023-11-10T10:13:47+07:00

The purposes of this research were as follows: 1) to examine the exploratory components of sportsmanship of junior high school students in physical education subjects at Singburi School; and 2) to study the sportsmanship of junior high school students in physical education subjects. The research population consisted of 1,495 students and research was sample comprised of 578 students who enrolled during the year 2023. The research instruments comprised of 1) a sportsmanship interview form for physical education teachers and 2) a sportsmanship scale for junior high school students. Data analysis statistics include the mean and standard deviation. In addition, exploratory factor analysis utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) and varimax rotation are used as statistics.

The research results found that sportsmanship among junior high students consists of 7 major components, 58 items, with internal consistency Cronbach's alpha coefficient total .974.
It consists of the following components; Component 1: having a positive attitude, being considerate, and appreciating the value of sports consists of 24 items, can explain 39.701 percent of the sportsmanship of students. Component 2: self - control and tolerance consist of 10 items, can explain 4.939 percent of the sportsmanship of students. Component 3: expressing congratulations and sincere apologies to others consists of 6 items, can explain 3.045 percent of the sportsmanship of students. Component 4: honesty consists of 6 items, can explain 2.653 percent of the sportsmanship of students. Component 5: adhere to the rules, respect the decisions of the judges, and perform to the best of your ability consists of 6 items, can explain 2.168 percent of the sportsmanship of students. Component 6: realizing the value and working as a team consists of 3 items. can explain 2.057 percent of the sportsmanship of students. Component 7: the ability to listen to other points of view calmly consists of 3 items, can explain 1.763 percent of the sportsmanship of students. And the results of the study of sportsmanship of students in junior high school at Singburi School found that the students' level of sportsmanship was high - very high.

Physical Education Learning Management by Using Game Based Learning to Enhancing Life Skills for the 12th Grade Students in Thammasat Secondary School

2023-11-11T01:57:13+07:00

The purpose of this quasi-experimental research was to study physical education learning management using game-based learning to enhance life skills for Grade 12 students at Thammasat Secondary School. The sample group consisted of 30 students from Grade 12, Section 2 (11 males and 19 females) during the first semester of the 2023 academic year, selected through cluster random sampling. The research was conducted over a period of 10 weeks. The research instruments were: (1) a game-based learning lesson plan in physical education, with content validity verified by five experts, yielding an item-objective congruence (IOC) index of 1.00; and (2) a life skills questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale, with content validity ranging from 0.80 to 1.00 and overall reliability of 0.89 by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, and a paired sample t-test to compare the differences in students’ life skill scores before and after the intervention at the .05 significance level.

The results revealed that the Grade 12 students who participated in the physical education learning management through game-based learning obtained higher life skills scores in all components: (1) self-awareness and appreciation of self and others, (2) analytical thinking, decision-making, and problem-solving, (3) emotion and stress management, and (4) interpersonal relationships. The comparison between pre-test and post-test scores indicated statistically significant differences at the .05 level, confirming that game-based learning effectively enhanced the students’ life skills.

The The Relationship between Physical Activity Levels, Environmental Influences, and Risks of Non-Communicable Diseases Among High School Students of Srinakharinwirot University Prasarnmit Demonstration School (Secondary)

2023-11-20T14:36:14+07:00

The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between physical activity levels, genders, majors of study, body mass index (BMI), environmental influences, and the risks of non-communicable diseases. The populations were 2,475 high school students at Srinakharinwirot Prasarnmit Demonstration School (Secondary), academic session 1/2023. The participants were 362 high school students at Srinakharinwirot Prasarnmit Demonstration School (Secondary) selected by stratified random sampling. The instrument in this study included a physical activity level, environmental influences, and the risks of non-communicable diseases test. There is an index of item objective congruence (IOC) between 0.80 - 1.00. The analysis of the relationship between personal factors, environmental influences on physical activities, and physical activity levels of high school students using the Chi-square test indicated that the major of study and body mass index were correlated with physical activity levels. Environmental factors influencing physical activity and physical activity levels were also correlated with students' risks of non-communicable diseases. However, genders and the majors of study had no correlation with the risk of non-communicable diseases among high school students at Srinakharinwirot Prasarnmit Demonstration School (Secondary).

Application of An Automated Question Answering Chatbot to Support Teaching Physical Education Students

2024-01-19T15:26:37+07:00

The aims of this research were 1) to assess suitability of an automated question answering chatbot, 2) to compare learning achievement after learning with the automated question answering chatbot with the 70-percent threshold, and 3) to study students' satisfaction towards the application of the automated question answering chatbot. Purposive sampling was used to select the target group for this research, which were 60 third-year students of Physical Education Program, Faculty of Education, Rajabhat Maha-Sarakham University, who were enrolled in 1014013 Rhythmic Activity Class, 2^nd semester of academic year 2023. The equipment employed in this research were 1) Rhythmic Activity Course Syllabus, 2) a 4-choice learning achievement test on “Basic Movement” (30 items), and 3) a 5-scale rating satisfaction questionnaire (30 items). Statistics used in analyzing the collected data were mean, standard deviation, and one-group t-test.

The research findings revealed that 1) the overall suitability of the automated question answering chatbot was at a highest level ( = 4.83, S.D. = 0.30), 2) the learning achievement after learning with the automated question answering chatbot was higher than the determined threshold (70-percent threshold) with a statistical significance level at .05, and 3) the students' satisfaction towards the automated question answering chatbot was overall at a highest level
( = 4.87, S.D. = 0.47).

Factors Influencing Sports Injury Prevention Behaviors among Athletes who Participated the 46th Thailand National Sports University Games “Physical Education Games”

2024-02-07T01:05:14+07:00

The purposes of the research aimed to (1) study the personal factors, sports injury, health literacy, self-efficacy, and sports injury preventive behaviors among athletes who participated the 46th Thailand National Sports University Games “Physical Education Games” and (2) examine the factors influencing sports injury preventive behaviors among those athletes. 200 participants were included by using multistage random sampling. Research instrument included demographic data, health literacy, self-efficacy, and sports injury preventive behaviors questionnaires which were validated by expert and examined reliability by using Cronbach’s Coefficient formula. Data were analyzed by using statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The results revealed that; there were 95 injured athletes (47.5%), 60 male and 35 female. Joint swelling and sprain were most reported (14.5%), followed by muscle strains/ tendinitis/ligament tear (12.5%). Participants had overall health literacy in sufficient level that might have sports injury preventive behaviors, but self-efficacy and sports injury preventive behaviors were at the fairly good level. Self-efficacy and age were together significantly accounted for 38.60% of variance in sports injury preventive behaviors and statistical significance at the .001 level. The most factor influencing statistically was self-efficacy (Beta = .615), followed by age (Beta = -.138). Thus, the important thing that team managers, coaches, and related people need to build is self-efficacy in sports injury prevention, not less than building self-efficacy in sport training and competition.

Keywords: Sports injury preventive behaviors, Athletes, Physical Education Games

Effects of Traditional Thai Game Program on the Agility of Volleyball Athlete at the Demonstration School, University of Phayao

2024-04-09T12:07:36+07:00

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the effects of a traditional Thai game program on the agility of female volleyball athletes, both within groups and between groups. The sample consisted of 30 female volleyball athletes, divided into three groups: Experimental Group 1 (traditional Thai games), Experimental Group 2 (general agility training), and the control group (regular volleyball training). The training program lasted 8 weeks, 3 days per week. Before and after the training, the participants’ agility was assessed using the T-Test. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, paired sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA, with a statistical significance level set at 0.05.

The findings revealed that:

A comparison of agility within groups before and after the 8-week training indicated that Experimental Groups 1 and 2 significantly improved their agility at the 0.05 level, whereas the control group showed no significant difference.
A comparison of agility between groups after the 8-week training showed a statistically significant difference at the 0.05 level. Further analysis with Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD) test revealed that the agility of Experimental Groups 1 and 2 significantly differed from the control group.

Integrated Exercise Programmed with the Use of Ramwong Yon Yuk and Fon Choeng for Improvement of Health-Related Physical Fitness of the Elderly

2025-04-10T22:44:03+07:00

This experimental study aimed to examine the effects of an integrated exercise program combining Ramwong Yonyok (retro circle dance) and Fon Choeng (traditional northern Thai dance) on health-related physical fitness among older adults. The participants were 70 purposively selected elderly women in San Sai District, Chiang Mai Province, who were divided into an experimental group and a control group. Health-related physical fitness tests were employed, and the data were analyzed using the independent t-test and repeated measures one-way ANOVA.

The results showed that; 1) Pre-test comparison of the physical fitness between the experimental group and the control group using Independent t-test for muscular strength and endurance and cardio respiratory endurance was statistically significant at 0.05. 2) Comparison of the average values of the physical fitness test results within the control group and the experimental group using One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures for muscular strength and endurance and cardio respiratory endurance was statistically significant at 0.05. 3) Post-test comparison of the difference of physical test results between the experimental group and the control group by using Independent t-test revealed that the body composition of both groups after the experiment was not different. However, flexibility, muscular strength and endurance, and cardio respiratory endurance of both groups after the experiment were statistically significant at 0.05. In conclusion, the results of the integrated exercise program with the use of Ramwong Yon Yuk and Fon Choeng can effectively develop health-related physical fitness of the elderly.

The Effect of Resistance Exercise and Aerobic Exercise Programe on Growth hormone level and Bone mass in Menopause Women

2023-07-25T21:26:19+07:00

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of resistance exercise and aerobic exercise on growth hormone levels and bone mass in postmenopausal women. The sample of study and Menopause women aged 50 years and over in Muang District, Kamphaeng Phet Province. Obtained from a specific selection (purposive sampling), a sample of 30 people was divided into 2 groups, each group of 15 people. Group 1 exercised with resistance. Group 2 exercised aerobics by training. Eight weeks of exercise were conducted to determine bone mass and growth hormone levels before and after 8 weeks of exercise and to compare the effects of resistance training and aerobic training on growth hormone and bone mass levels.

Findings were as follows: The results showed that: Group 1, resistance exercise. After 8 weeks of exercise, there was a statistically significant increase in bone mass at the .05 level and an increase in growth hormone levels. Statistically significant at the .05 level. Group 2, aerobic exercise. There was a statistically significant increase in bone mass at the .05 level, but there was no significant change in the growth hormone level. There was a comparison between the two groups found that The resistance exercise group showed more significant changes than the aerobic exercise group in both bone mass and growth hormone levels.

In conclusion, resistance exercise increased bone mass and growth hormone levels more than the aerobic exercise group in postmenopausal women.

The Effect of Elastic Band Training Program on Endurance and Speed of Pathum Demonstration School Swimmers

2023-08-09T23:12:42+07:00

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a resistance band training program on muscular strength and endurance in swimmers, and to examine its effects on the swimming speed of the front crawl stroke. The participants were 20 swimmers from Patum Demonstration School, aged between 7 and 11 years. A one-group experimental design was employed, in which the experimental group trained with a researcher-designed program consisting of 12 stations for six weeks, three days per week. The program was validated by five experts. After six weeks of training, the results of the 25-meter front crawl swimming test before and after training were analyzed using mean and standard deviation.

The results showed that muscular endurance, measured by the 30-second push-up test, improved from an average of 22.6 repetitions to 29.5 repetitions, and the 60-second sit-up test improved from 29.5 repetitions to 37.4 repetitions. The average time for the 25-meter front crawl decreased from 22.60 seconds to 20.40 seconds. Statistical analysis indicated that after six weeks of training, both muscular endurance and swimming speed significantly improved at the .05 level. In conclusion, the circuit resistance band training program not only improved muscular endurance and swimming performance but also enhanced the swimming speed of the front crawl stroke.

Physical Fitness Test for the Physical Education Students of Kasetsart University

2023-07-21T23:35:07+07:00

This research will determine the form of fitness testing and norms. For students majoring in physical education Kasetsart University, contains 7 items: 1) Push-Ups 2) Trunk and Neck Extension Test 3) Vertical Jump Test 4) Percent Body Fat 5) 40 yard sprint test 6) 1.5-Mile Run Test 7) KU Agility test the index of consistency of Rovinelli and Hambleton was judged by 5 expert for the content validity , all items were equal to 1.00. Test-retest method was used to determine reliability coefficients and the objectivity coefficients of the test also established by two evaluators. The population used for students majoring in physical education Kasetsart University. Be a student of the Department of Physical Education Kasetsart University, 1st - 4th year, total of 400 students. Mean, standard deviation analyze the data.

The results were as follows: 1) Physical fitness test for students in the department of Physical Education, Kasetsart University possess content validity. 2) The reliability coefficients of Push-Ups Trunk and Neck Extension Test Vertical Jump Test Percent Body Fat 40 yard sprint test 1.5-Mile Run Test KU Agility test 0.84 0.83 0.81 0.90 0.85 0.84 and 0.88 respectively. 3) The objectivity coefficients of Push-Ups Trunk and Neck Extension Test Vertical Jump Test Percent Body Fat 40 yard sprint test 1.5-Mile Run Test and KU Agility test 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.98 and 0.95 respectively. 4) Build a physical fitness criterion for each item with a curved normal distribution. and divided the physical fitness criteria into 5 levels: very good, good, moderate, low and very low

The Development of Swimming Tests and Norms for Undergraduate Students in Physical Education and Health Physical Education Majoring at Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus

2025-06-29T20:22:17+07:00

This study aimed to develop swimming skill tests and establish norm-referenced standards for undergraduate students majoring in Physical Education and Health at Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus. Participants were 250 male and female students enrolled in “Swimming Skills and Teaching Techniques” (02193121) in the 2024 academic year. The test battery comprised four 50-m events: freestyle, backstroke, breaststroke, and butterfly. Test quality was examined for content validity by five experts and for reliability using a test–retest design. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were calculated, and test–retest reliability was assessed with Pearson product–moment correlations. Norms were created from raw scores and converted to T-scores, then classified into eight performance levels (A–F). The research findings were as follows:

The developed test demonstrated perfect content validity (IOC = 1.00) and high test–retest reliability across all four strokes, with coefficients ranging from 0.80 to 0.90 for both male and female students. Norms were established from raw scores and converted to T-scores, then classified into eight performance levels: Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fairly Good, Fair, Poor, Very Poor, and Low. In sum, the swimming skill test battery and its norms exhibit strong content validity, and reliability, making them appropriate for assessing health-oriented swimming skills among Kasetsart University undergraduates.

The Potential of Golf in Thailand: Becoming a Destination for Foreign Golfers

2025-07-08T20:56:15+07:00

This study aimed to explore the revisit intention behavior of foreign golfers in Thailand by analyzing the frequency of revisits, memorable golfing experiences, and the intention to revisit. It also investigated the impact of word-of-mouth communication on promoting golf tourism in Thailand. Data were collected through questionnaires from 556 foreign amateur golfers who played at 10 internationally standardized golf courses located in key tourist provinces. Descriptive statistical methods were employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that most foreign golfers had good memorable and impressive experiences while golfing in Thailand and showed a high level of intention to revisit. Notably, the group that had visited more than five times constituted the largest portion of the sample. Furthermore, word of mouth communication played a significant role in promoting golf tourism, as golfers were highly likely to recommend and encourage their friends and family to visit and play golf in Thailand. This study suggests that relevant government agencies should utilize these findings in developing policies and marketing strategies to promote golf tourism. Additionally, enhancing travel facilitation measures for foreign golfers is essential to strengthen Thailand's competitiveness as a premier international golf destination.