Thai Journal of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

Construction of Futsal Skill Test and Norm for Lower Secondary School Students under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Saraburi

Potsawee Suanmamuang — 2025-04-24

The purpose of this research was to construct the futsal skill test and norm for lower secondary school students under the secondary educational service area office Saraburi. The samples used in this research were 356 lower secondary school level students by Yamane’s method. The futsal skill tests were used as the tools of this research, divided into four futsal skills, dribbling skill test, ball heading skill test, ball receiving and passing skill test, and shooting skill test. by dividing the scores to the assessment criteria of 5 points, which are excellent, very good, good, fair and Improvement, the quality of the research tools was examined as follows: 1) the content validity reviewed by a panel of five experts was 1.00; the reliability conducted by 30 Pathum Thani secondary school level students who were not the samples was 0.82; and the feasibility evaluated by ten physical education teachers from twenty-one schools was rated at a highest level (mean = 4.55).

The findings revealed as the following: The content validity of constructed futsal skill test by a panel of experts was found at 1.00. The reliability of constructed futsal skill test by test and retest method was rated at 0.82. The feasibility of constructed futsal skill test by physical education teachers rating in five scales, Highest, High, Moderate, Low and Lowest, was found at a highest level (mean = 4.55). In conclusion, the constructed futsal skill test for lower secondary school level students was able to indicate their futsal skill levels and it was divided into four skill tests with the norm of skill score and T-score along with testing details that the physical education teachers can use for giving their students a test.

A Development of Cardiorespiratory Endurance Test for Secondary Student of Matthayom Wipawadee, Surat Thani Province

Wasansiri Pittarapho — 2025-04-24

This research aims to develop a Cardiorespiratory Endurance test, to test the validity and reliability of a cardiorespiratory endurance test, and create the norm reference of a cardiorespiratory endurance test for secondary students of Matthayom Wipawadee, Surat Thani Province. There were two phases to the research. The first phase was to test content validity by using the Index of Item Objective Congruence (IOC) method from five experts and the concurrent validity by Comparison with the Pacer Test 20 Meter using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The sample used to create the criteria were 180 secondary school students of Matthyom Wipawadee School in Surat Thani Province. the mean and standard deviation were calculated to analyze the statistics.

The results revealed that the researcher’s developed Cardiorespiratory Endurance Test had a very high level of concurrent validity and a very high level of reliability. The three levels of norm reference into very good, good, and needs improvement was determined by computing the mean and standard deviation. In conclusion, the Cardiorespiratory Endurance test for secondary students of Matthayom Wiphawadee School, Surat Thani Province developed by the researcher was appropriate for testing with the target population.

The Development of a Petanque Skill Test and the Construction of Norms for Junior High School Students in Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya District, Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province

Aree Kaepueng — 2025-04-24

The purposes of this research were to 1) develop a Petanque skill test for junior high school students in Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya District, Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province and 2) construct the norms of a Petanque skill for junior high school students in Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya District, Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province. The samples were 210 junior high school students determined by using Krejcie & Morgan table. The research instruments were 1) The Petanque skill test were used as the tools of this research, divided into three Petanque skills, the skill test of roll throw, the skill test of high throw and the skill test of throw to impinge. The results of the quality inspection of tools 1) the content validity of constructed Petanque skill test by a panel of experts was found at 1.00.
2) the reliability by test and retest method and 3) the feasibility of implementation was assessed by 10 physical education teachers in Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province.

The research findings were as follows: the Petanque skill test for junior high school students had the content validity with the reliability of constructed all the test items had the mean score was rated at 0.78. the assessment of the feasibility of implementation by rating in five scales, Highest, High, Moderate, Low and Lowest, was found at a highest level (mean = 4.63). It was shown that the Petanque skill test and the norm for junior high school students in Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya District, Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province had the quality of the content validity, the reliability and the feasibility of implementation in normal criteria and ability level criteria., together with the details of the test for physical education teachers to use in the next chance.

Construction of Skill Test in Physical Education on Basic Netball for Lower Secondary School Students at Sa-Nguanying School Suphan buri Province

Pawinee Naknut — 2025-04-25

The purposes of this research were to 1) construct and assess the quality of a skill test in the Physical Education course on basic netball for lower secondary school students, and 2) examine the outcomes of using the developed skill test. The research instrument was a netball skill test consisting of three categories: basic skills, passing and receiving skills, and shooting skills, with a total of seven test items. The test’s content validity was evaluated by five experts using the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC). The reliability was examined through a test–retest method conducted with 30 non-sample lower secondary school students in the academic year 2022 at Sa-Nguanying School, Suphan Buri. Reliability was calculated using Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. The feasibility of the test was also assessed by 10 physical education teachers selected through purposive sampling. The final version of the skill test was then administered to a sample of 50 lower secondary school students enrolled in the basic netball course during the 2022 academic year at Sa-Nguanying School, also selected through purposive sampling.

The results showed that the developed skill test demonstrated strong content validity with an average IOC of 0.91. The overall reliability coefficient from the test–retest method was 0.88. The feasibility assessment revealed that the test comprehensively covered all three skill categories and was deemed highly applicable by the group of physical education teachers, with an average feasibility score of 4.80. These findings indicate that the seven-item netball skill test is effective in measuring the skill level of lower secondary school students. It possesses satisfactory quality in terms of content validity, reliability, and feasibility, and includes clear scoring criteria and testing procedures for use by physical education instructors.

The Study of Sports Facilities Needs at Mahidol University, Salaya Campus

Panvara Nisalak — 2025-04-25

The objectives of this study were 1) to study the levels of expectation and satisfaction of service users with sports facilities, stadiums, and exercise facilities of Mahidol University Salaya Campus, and 2) to prioritize the needs of development of the service users with sports facilities, stadiums and exercise facilities of Mahidol University Salaya Campus through quantitative data by questionnaires with 402 informants. The statistics used for data analysis were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

The results revealed: (1) the level of expectation and satisfaction derived from the majority of service users were at a high level; and (2) the priority for the needs of development derived from the service users were the core product and the physical aspect and the service personnel respectively.

Physical Fitness of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Student

Narin srimanusrat — 2025-04-26

The purpose of this research were to select a test and to create the criteria of physical fitness of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok students. The populations consisted of 1,407 first-year students, who were 959 male students and 448 female students. The research instruments were 9 physical fitness tests include: 1) body mass index 2) sit and reach 3) 60 seconds push-up 4) 60 seconds sit-up 5) 3 minutes step up and down 6) Standing Broad Jump 7) Shuttle Run 8) Standing on a 1 inch stick and 9) Finger Test. The index of item-objective congruence (IOC) of Rovinelli and Hambletion was judged by 5 experts for the content validity of research instruments at 0.80 –1.00. The data were analyzed by using means, and standard deviation. The norms- referenced were constructed by using “T-score.

The results of the research showed that the physical fitness test for students of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok has content validity. Norms-referenced Physical fitness were created by using T-scores with 5 criteria: very high, high, medium, low and very low. It can be used to assess physical fitness for students of King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok.

A Construction of Golf Skills Test for Students in Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus

Korakrich Chaopanich — 2025-04-26

This study aimed to construct golf skills test and norms for students in Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus. The sample used in the research are divided into 2 groups: 1) the sample group use to construct and determine the quality of the test, totaling 35 persons included 5 experts and 30 students by purposive sampling, and 2) the sample group to construct norms, totaling 120 students of Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus in the second semester of the academic year 2022 who study in 01175163 (Golf for Health subject). The research instruments are golf skills test, construct by the researcher, included three tests: 1) Driving skill test 2) Chipping skill test and 3) Putting skill test. The data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, Pearson product moment correlation and Normalized T-Score.

The research results found that the quality of the golf skills test in all 3 categories are as follows: 1) The content validity of the golf skills test in all 3 categories has an average value between 3.40-4.00, with content validity in all categories being precise. 2) The coefficient of correlation of objectivity has a value between 0.86-0.87, which is acceptable. 3) The coefficient of correlation of reliability has a value between 0.85-0.88, which is acceptable. The norms of golf skills test for students in Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus are as follows: Excellent level: total score of 13 points or higher; Good level: total score between 10-12 points; Average level: total score between 7-9 points; Low level: total score between 4-6 points; and Very Low level: total score of 3 points or less.

A Development of Pétanque Rating Scale with Online System for Undergraduate Students, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus

Benjamat Onprasop — 2025-04-26

The objective of this study were to 1) develop a pétanque rating scale with online system for undergraduate students, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus, 2) assess the quality of a pétanque rating scale with online system for undergraduate students, Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus. The target group used in the research consisted of 3 groups: 1) All 5 experts 2) System assessors 3 people 3) Students studying at Kasetsart University Kamphaeng Saen Campus. Research tools included: 1) A pétanque rating scale with online system 2) An assess the quality of a pétanque rating scale 3) A satisfaction questionnaire of a pétanque rating scale. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The results showed that 1) the validity of the content was 0.80 for all items and the competency assessment form for using the petanque sport skill assessment form was equal to 1.00; There were reliability values of 0.80, 0.92, 0.86, which were in the range of good to very good. 3) The multiple choice values of all 3 items of the Petanque Skill Evaluation Form were between 0.81 - 1.00, which were in a good to very good level, and the satisfaction value of the petanque sport skill assessment form Overall, it is at a very good level.

Using Performance Based Assessment for Physical Education Learning Assessments of Physical Education Teachers under the Secondary Educational Service Area office Singburi Angthong

Nitchagoon Jorlagate — 2025-04-26

The purpose of this survey research was to study the use of performance-based assessment for evaluating physical education learning among physical education teachers under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Singburi-Angthong. The population consisted of 59 physical education teachers from 26 schools. The research instrument was a questionnaire developed by the researcher. Content validity was verified by five experts using the method of Rovinelli and Hambleton, with index values ranging from 0.60 to 1.00. The reliability, calculated using Cronbach's alpha, was 0.96. A total of 56 completed questionnaires were returned, accounting for 94.92% of the sample. In addition, qualitative data were collected through a focus group with 10 participants (16.94%). The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.

The research results were as follows: 1) The learning management process of physical education teachers was frequently practiced. 2) The use of performance-based assessment at the lower secondary level was occasional, while at the upper secondary level it was frequent. 3) The most commonly used method and tool for assessing ability in physical education were observation and a five-level scoring rubric. 4) Problems in using performance-based assessment were found to be moderate at the lower secondary level and low at the upper secondary level.

The Effects of Isotonic Elastic Band Training Program on Strength and Endurance of Upper Body Muscles of Prathom Suksa Grade 6 Students at Wat Kum School (Ruan Poon Pittaya)

Konthee Watcharapoom — 2025-04-27

The purposes of this research were study and compare the differences in strength and endurance of the upper body muscles before and after training with the isotonic elastic band training program of primary school students, Grade 6, Wat Kum School (Ruan Poon Pittaya). Using quasi-experimental research. The sample group was used in this research was Grade 6 students at Wat Kum School (Ruan Poon Pittaya), total 40 people, divided into 20 males and 20 females. The instruments used were as follows: 1) Isotonic elastic band training program on the upper body muscular strength and endurance of Grade 6 students at Wat Kum School (Ruan Poon Pittaya). The content validity was approved by 5 experts. The program was then assessed for and the research purpose by using Rovinelli and Hambleton’s method, which had an index of item objective congruence (IOC) ranging from 0.5-1.00. The training session lasted for 8 weeks, 3 days a week are Monday Wednesday and Friday, 1 hour per day during 3:30-4:30 pm. 2) Health related physical fitness test for Prathom Suksa students (7-12 years old) 30 seconds (times) modified push-ups test of department of physical education. The data were analyzed and presented using means, standard deviations, a comparison of the means by t-test dependent.

The study showed that, after 8 weeks the upper body muscular strength and endurance of Prathom Suksa 6 students with a component, health related physical fitness test for Prathom Suksa students (7-12 years old) 30 seconds (times) modified push-ups test of department of physical education had mean number of times after training was improved, with a significant difference at 0.5 level.

The Development of Guidelines for Competitive Management of The Thailand Beach Soccer League for New Normal Form

Ratthakarn Chucherd — 2025-04-27

The purpose of the research were to 1) analyze the current state of competitive management in the Thailand beach soccer league considering the "new normal" form and 2) synthesize the guidelines for competitive management of the Thailand beach soccer league considering the "new normal" form. A mixed methods research design was used in this study which was divided into 2 phases. For phase I, the quantitative research was designed to analyze the current state of competitive management from 250 samples obtained from the athletes, coaches, team staff, referees, supporters, and spectators.
The data were collected by using a questionnaire. For phase II, the qualitative research was designed to synthesize the guidelines for competitive management. Eight key informants was purposive sampling to participate in semi–structured interview.

The research results were as follows:

1. The overall current state of resources using for competitive management was a high level (M = 2.88, S.D. = 0.38). When considering each domain, it showed that the management was the highest of average (M = 3.04, S.D. = 0.37), followed by the man (M = 3.02, S.D. = 0.42), the material (M = 2.94, S.D. = 0.49), and the money (M = 2.51, S.D. = 0.51), respectively.

The overall current state of competitive management process was a high level (M = 2.96, S.D. = 0.36). When considering each domain, it showed that the leading was the highest of average
(M = 3.01, S.D. = 0.54), followed by the evaluating (M = 2.96, S.D. = 0.33), the planning (M = 2.94, S.D. = 0.44), and the organizing (M = 2.91, S.D. = 0.36), respectively.
The guidelines for organizing beach soccer competitions are as follows: 1) ensure the playing field is managed in accordance with measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19; 2) efficiently manage personnel by increasing their number, developing their knowledge, and assigning tasks based on their abilities; 3) implement supervision, monitoring, and evaluation of competition management before, during, and after the competition; 4) adopt a competition management format that includes 1 - 2 matches per day per week. This will reduce the number of people gathering at the stadium, and minimize meetings, contacts, and travel; and 5) increase accessibility by broadcasting the matches live through various channels so that viewers can follow the matches without having to travel to the stadium.

The Effect of Physical Activity Program on Critical Thinking Skills in Elementary School Students

Nattanan Hansuk — 2025-04-27

The purpose of this research is to study the effects of a physical activity program on skills. critical thinking skills of elementary school students. The sample used were grade 4 students. Ban Or Krating School, 50 students by purposive sampling, aged between 9-10 years old, studying in the first semester of the 2022 academic year. The research tools consisted of physical activity program on critical thinking skills of elementary school students in the 10–week learning management plan and the critical thinking skills assessment form. Through the quality inspection of tool by 5 experts. The index of consistency (IOC) effect of physical activity program on critical thinking skills of elementary school students between 0.80-1.00 and the critical thinking skill assessment form. The index of consistency (IOC) between 0.80-1.00. Data were analyzed by means of mean, standard deviation, percentage by using a packaged program.

The results showed that the total score of critical thinking skills of elementary school students before learning was 85.97, with a standard deviation of 27.9, at a fair level. And the total score of critical thinking skills after studying had a total mean of 136.94, a standard deviation of 34.19, at a high level. The research results concluded that after studying for grade 4 students. There is a greater analysis of movements and critical thinking processes resulting in higher levels of improved critical thinking skill in students.

The Management of Learning Physical Education Using Games Approach Upon to Learning in the 21st Century Skills for Mathayomsuksa 1 Students.

Somkiat Kongthanajindasiri — 2025-04-28

This research aimed to develop an instrument to assess the management of learning in physical education using the Teaching Games for Understanding approach to enhance learning and innovation skills for the 21st century among Mathayomsuksa 1 students. Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of physical education learning management. The sample consisted of 128 students from three schools in Suphan Buri province, selected through purposive sampling and divided into two groups. The experimental group included 45 students from Sam Chukrat School. The comparison group consisted of 83 students: 38 from Bang Pla Ma Sung School Suman Padungwit and 45 from Sri Prachan Methipramuk School. Five research instruments were evaluated by nine experts for content validity using the index of congruence method by Rovinelli and Hambleton (1977). Reliability was determined using the test-retest method with a one-week interval, and objectivity was assessed by two independent experts. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean () standard deviation (S.D.), and the dependent t-test.

Conclusions: The research instruments were of high quality, demonstrating content validity, reliability, and objectivity, making them suitable for use. Learning outcomes after the implementation of physical education management and 21st-century learning and innovation skills significantly improved, with statistical significance at the .05 level. Furthermore, students' academic achievement in physical education showed a statistically significant improvement at the .05 level.

The Effect of Interval Training Program on Anaerobic Fitness in U18 Girls Basketball Athletes at Chomsurang Upatham School

Nathamon julmueang — 2025-04-28

The purpose of this research was to study the effect of interval training program on anaerobic fitness in female basketball players. The subjects consisted of 12 female basketball players from Chomsurang Upatham School, who aged 18 years old, The generated program was determined for content validity by using the Rovinelli and Hambleton concordance index method of 5 experts (IOC) of 0.85 - 1.00 Trained for a total of 8 weeks, 3 days a week, Monday, Wednesday and Friday Time 4.00 5.00 pm. Do an anaerobic fitness test before training. and after the 8th week of training of Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test The data were analyzed by T-test dependent statistics before training, and after training with significance at the .05 level.

The results interval training program was contently valid with an overall index of conformity (IOC) of 0.85 It was found that by comparing the mean and standard deviation of the best running time and the mean time of running after training week 8 between before and after training was found to be significantly different at the .05 level. It was concluded that the intensive interval training program created by researcher had an effect on anaerobic fitness in female basketball players and can be able to develop anaerobic fitness.

Functional Movement Screen of Futsal Players: A Comparative Study Between Professional and Amateur Players

Chalermpan Jinda — 2025-04-28

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the differences in functional movement screen (FMS) between professional and amateur futsal players. In this study, seventeen professional futsal players and seventeen amateur futsal players participated. All Futsal Players performed the FMS, which is composed of 7 functional movement tasks (deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, shoulder mobility, active straight-leg raise, trunk stability push-up, and rotary stability). The data were examined using the mean, standard deviation, and Chi-square. For all tests, the 0.05 level of significance was used.

The result showed that the FMS score of professional futsal players was higher (p<0.05) than those of amateur futsal players. In conclusion, The FMS score could be used to differentiate performance between professional and amateur futsal players. The findings of this study will assist coaches and athletes in developing customized training programs for enhancing physical performance in futsal players.

Leisure Awareness and Constraints to Participate in Leisure Leisure Awareness and Constraints to Participation in Leisure for Working-Ages in Bangkok

Sakila chinnawong — 2025-04-29

This study aimed to: (1) examine leisure awareness and constraints on leisure participation, and (2) explore the relationship between leisure awareness and constraints to leisure participation among working-age people in Bangkok. The sample consisted of 400 working-age individuals aged 18-59 years, selected through multi-stage random sampling. The research instrument for data collection was a questionnaire developed by the researcher, with an index of item-objective (IOC) ranging from 0.60 to 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of 0.95, based on a rating scale. Data were analyzed using percentages, means, and standard deviations. Differences between means were tested using the t-test, while a one-way ANOVA with Fisher's method was applied for differences between the means of more than two groups at a statistical significance level of 0.05, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to test relationships. The study was reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee. The findings revealed the following:

Working-age people in Bangkok exhibited overall leisure awareness at a "strongly agree" level (= 3.36, S.D. = .351).
Their overall opinion about constraints to leisure participation at a "disagree" level ( = 2.22, S.D. = .543).

There was no significant relationship between overall leisure awareness and constraints to leisure participation among working-age people in Bangkok. When examining each aspect separately, it was found that leisure awareness (in terms of leisure time use, leisure time experience, relationships with life, and quality of life) was not related to constraints to leisure participation. However, the relationship with society was negatively correlated with constraints to leisure participation.

Development of web-based computer programs for health-related fitness and skill-related fitness testing

Somporn Songtrakul — 2025-04-29

The objective of this research was to develop a web-based computer program for testing health-related fitness and skill-related fitness. There were steps in researching and developing computer programs according to the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model, namely problem determination, system analysis, system design, system development, system testing, system installation and system maintenance. For the selection of computer and programming languages, it includes SAMP Windows version 8.2.0, Apache Web Server, MySQL, SQL, Notepad, HTML, Java Script, PHP, File Zilla and FTP client. After the program development was completed, the program’s performance was evaluated by 30 users, 3 content experts, and 3 technical experts. It was found that the efficiency of the computer program on the website by the users had an average of 4.50 ± 0.66, which is at a very good level. The efficiency of the computer program on the website by the content experts had an average of 4.67 ± 0.52, which is at a very good level. And the efficiency of the computer program on the website by the technical experts had an average of 4.50 ± 0.55, which is at a very good level. It can be concluded that the web-based computer program for physical fitness testing on health and physical fitness on sports skills is effective and useful for further development of physical fitness.

Enhancing Physical Health of Students by 9-Square-Table Aerobic Exercise. : A Case Study of Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Tak

Dhevariddhi Lamool — 2025-04-29

This study aims to: 1) Investigate the effects of exercise using the 9-Square-Table format, and 2) Compare the effects of exercise using the 9-Square-Table format in students with body mass index (BMI) exceeding the standard threshold. The sample consisted of 20 students (10 male and 10 female) from Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna Tak, all of whom had BMI values above the standard threshold. The researcher developed an exercise program using the 9-Square-Table format, where the participants exercised at an intensity of 50-70% of their maximum heart rate for 30 minutes per day, three days per week, over a 12-week period. Physical fitness was tested before, during, and after the program. Data were collected through observation, physical fitness measurements, and record-keeping. The statistics used for data analysis included percentages, means, standard deviations, and t-test analysis.

The results of the research concluded that:

1) The effects of exercise using the 9-Square-Table format on students with a body mass index (BMI) exceeding the standard threshold showed improvements in physical fitness. It was found that the students experienced changes in body composition, including a reduction in body weight, waist circumference, resting heart rate, and BMI. In terms of physical fitness performance, improvements were observed in the following tests: the sit-and-reach test (muscle and joint flexibility), handgrip strength test (strength of the hand and lower arm muscles), chair-stand test (muscle strength), and the 3-minute step test (cardiovascular and respiratory system). In all areas, the students demonstrated improvements in their physical fitness.

2) The comparison of the effects of exercise using the 9-Square-Table format on students with a body mass index (BMI) exceeding the standard threshold, before and after 12 weeks of exercise, showed that students experienced significant improvements in body composition. Specifically, there were reductions in body weight, waist circumference, resting heart rate, and BMI, with statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level. In terms of physical fitness, improvements were observed in flexibility (muscle and joint), muscle strength, balance and agility, and cardiovascular and respiratory functions. All areas showed statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level.

A Study of the Recreational Service Potential of the Recreation Center at the Institute of Sports Science Building, Department of Physical Education, Her Majesty Queen Sirikit 60th Birthday Anniversary Stadium

Thithat Wanasaengtham — 2025-04-30

This study aimed to examine the service potential at the Temfan Pansuk Recreation Center, analyze the leisure time behavior of its users, and explore the relationship between factors influencing participation in recreational activities, the organization of recreation programs, and the management of recreation at the center in relation to users' leisure time behavior. The sample consisted of male and female 226 members who used the recreation center at the Institution of Sports Science Building, Department of Physical Education, Queen Sirikit 60^th Anniversary Stadium. Participants were, selected using multi-stage random sampling. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire developed by the researcher. Data were analyzed using percentages, means, standard deviations, t-tests to compare means, and One-Way ANOVA for differences between means across more than two sample groups. Statistical significance was set at .05, with Fisher’s method used for post-hoc tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient for examining relationships. The study was reviewed and approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee. The findings were as follows: 1) The majority of users were female, aged 41-50 years, held a bachelor's degree, were business owners, earned a monthly income of 35,000 baht or more, and exhibited consistent leisure time behavior. 2) Users with different genders, ages, educational backgrounds, occupations, and monthly incomes showed statistically significant differences in their leisure time behaviors (p < .05). 3) Users strongly agreed with the management of recreation at the center, which was also positively correlated with their leisure time behavior at a moderate level. 4) Users strongly agreed with the organization of recreational programs at the Temfan Pansuk Recreation Center, and these opinions were positively correlated with their leisure time behavior at a moderate level.

Effect of Physical Education Learning Management Using The Simpson’s Practical Skills Instruction Model with Game on Teamwork Skills and Futsal Skills for Bachelor’s Degree Students

Wichanon Poonsri — 2025-04-30

This research aims to study the effects of physical education learning management using the Simpson's practical skills instruction model with game on teamwork skills and futsal skills for bachelor's degree students. The specific objectives are as follows: 1) To compare the mean scores of teamwork skills and futsal skills pre and post test the experiment in the experimental group, and 2) To compare the mean scores of teamwork skills and futsal skills after the experiment between the experimental group and the control group. The sample group consisted of undergraduate students, with the sample size determined using the G*Power Version 3.1 software, with an effect size of 0.4 and a statistical power of 0.8, resulting in a minimum sample size of 28 people. The researcher used simple random sampling, with a total of 60 participants divided into two groups: 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. The research instruments included: 1) Eight physical education learning management plan using the Simpson's practical skills instruction model with game (the index of item-objective congruence (IOC) was 1.00), 2) A teamwork skills assessment (the index of item-objective congruence (IOC) was 1.00) and 3) A basic futsal skills assessment tool (the index of item-objective congruence (IOC) was between 0.80 and 1.00 and reliability coefficient was between 0.84 and 1.00. Data analysis was conducted using mean, standard deviation, paired sample t-test, and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

The research findings were as follows: 1) The mean scores of teamwork skills and basic futsal skills after the experiment in the experimental group were significantly higher than before the experiment at the .05 level, and 2) The mean scores of teamwork skills and basic futsal skills after the experiment in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at the .05 level.

Factors Related to Success in International Windsurfing Competition: A Case Study of Thailand National Windsurfing Team

Mahalap Pomsook — 2025-04-30

This research aimed to investigate factors related to success in international windsurfing competitions, a case study of Thailand National Windsurfing Team. Key informants were purposively selected, comprising 13 participants: 10 Thai national windsurfing athletes (6 male, 4 female) and 3 male coaches. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, critical incident technique, and mind mapping. Determining research instrument quality through pilot testing with a group similar to key informants. Data were inductively analyzed using a constant comparison method and data triangulation. The findings revealed two main categories of factors. The first category includes factors supporting to success in international windsurfing competitions: 1.1) athletes having clear goals, 1.2) athletes demonstrating self-responsibility, 1.3) receiving appropriate compensation, 1.4) having skilled coaches, and 1.5) maintaining continuous team preparation and training. The second category identifies barriers to success in international windsurfing competitions: 2.1) high pressure on athletes, 2.2) athlete injuries, 2.3) lack of international competition experience, 2.4) insufficient training equipment, and 2.5) unfavorable weather conditions.

The research concludes that while supporting factors play a crucial role in achieving success in international windsurfing competitions, reducing the identified barriers could significantly enhance the chances of competitive success for windsurfing athletes.