Factors Promoting and Limiting Women's Roles in Employment: A Literature Review from 2018 to 2022
Keywords:
Women, Promoting Factors, Limiting Factors, Professional participationAbstract
This research article examines the factors that promote and limit women's participation in the workforce, focusing on a literature review conducted during the period 2018–2022. The study aims to identify key enablers and barriers to women's career engagement through a qualitative approach, utilizing literature from three Thai journal indexing sources: Thaijo, Google Scholar, and Google. Content analysis and interpretation methods were employed.
The findings reveal that 15 variables promote women's roles in the workforce, with five key factors being leadership, participation, education, human rights, and religion. On the other hand, 12 variables were identified as constraints, with the five most critical factors being gender inequality, religious practices, societal acceptance, social equality, and political culture. Additionally, 17 variables influencing women's career engagement were identified, with the most significant being leadership, political participation, education, occupation, and age.
The above-mentioned factors play a vital role in enhancing the effectiveness of women’s employment. The study emphasizes the need for government intervention in policy formulation and the implementation of structural reform initiatives. Such policies should aim to create equal opportunities and reduce social constraints that hinder women’s participation in the workforce.
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