The Impact of Quality Management Standard on the Performanceof Audit Firms in Thailand

Main Article Content

Pharnnapha Chuebang

Abstract

This study aims to assess the level of readiness as well as problems and obstacles of audit firms in Thailand in implementing the eight components of the Thai Standard on Quality Management (TSQM) for audit services, and to examine the impact of each component of TSQM on the efficiency and effectiveness of performance. This research was quantitative. The data was collected using questionnaires. The sample consisted of 212 limited companies providing audit services in Thailand, selected through simple random sampling using random number tables. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that the overall readiness of audit firms was at a high level (  = 4.48), particularly in relevant ethical requirements, while problems and obstacles were also identified at a high level (  = 3.64 and  = 3.54), especially in the firm's risk assessment processes and TSQM components including relevant ethical requirements, engagement performance, resources, and monitoring and remediation processes positively influenced efficiency performance, while governance and leadership along with monitoring and remediation processes positively influenced effectiveness performance significantly at .05, which will enhance  understanding of the role of quality management standards for audit services that appropriate and consistent with the Thai context.

Article Details

Section
บทความวิจัย (Research article)

References

Aaker, D. A., Kumar, V. & Day, G. S. (2001). Marketing research. John Wiley & Sons.

ACCA Global. (2022). International Standards on Quality Management - part 1 (ISQM 1). Retrieved June 2025, from https://www.accaglobal.com/gb/en/student/exam-support-resources/professional-exams-study- resources/p7/technical-articles/isqm-1.html

ACCA. (2023). International standards on quality management - part 1 (ISQM 1). ACCA Global. Retrieved June 2025, from https://www.accaglobal.com/gb/en/student/exam-support-resources/professional-exams-study-resources/p7 /technical-articles/isqm-1.html

Al Farooque, O., Buachoom, W. & Sun, L. (2020). Board, audit committee, ownership and financial performance - emerging trends from Thailand. Pacific Accounting Review, 32(1), 54-81. https://doi. org/10.1108/PAR-10-2018-0079

Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108

Barney, J. B. & Hesterly, W. S. (2019). Strategic management and competitive advantage: Concepts and cases (6th ed.). Pearson.

Black, K. (2006). Business statistics for contemporary decision making (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Brown-Liburd, H., Cohen, J. & Trompeter, G. (2020). How does audit firm emphasis on client relationship quality influence auditors' inferences about and responses to potential persuasion in client communications? Accounting, Organizations and Society, 85, 101099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aos. 2020.101099

Caseware. (2024). ISQM 1: A new era in audit quality management. Retrieved June 2025, from https:// www.caseware.com/us/resources/blog/isqm-1-a-new-era-in-audit-quality-management/

Chen, L., Duh, R., Wu, C. & Yu, L. (2020). Higher academic qualifications, professional training and operating performance of audit firms. Sustainability, 12(3), 1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031254

Chutirat, J. (2021). Audit firm attributes influencing a limited company in Bangkok to use auditing services during digital disruption (Unpublished master’s thesis). Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Deming, W. E. (1986). Out of the crisis. MIT Press.

Department of Business Development. (2023). List of accounting firms in each province. Retrieved February 2023, from https://www.dbd.go.th

Ditkaew, K. & Suttipun, M. (2023). The impact of audit data analytics on audit quality and audit review continuity in Thailand. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 8(3), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.1108/ AJAR-04-2022-0114

Federation of Accounting Professions. (2023). Thai standard on quality management No. 1. Retrieved August 2023, from https://acpro-std.tfac.or.th/standard

Fedyk, A. & Hodson, J. (2023). Is artificial intelligence improving the audit process?. Review of Accounting Studies, 28(3), 938-985. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-022-09697-x

Felderer, B. (2024). Nonresponse bias analysis. GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences (GESIS-Survey Guidelines). https://doi.org/10.15465/gesis-sg_en_047

FRC. (2022). Quality management: What the new standards mean. ICAEW Insights. Retrieved June 2025, from https://www.icaew.com/insights/viewpoints-on-the-news/2022/may-2022/qm-quality-management-what-the-new-standards-mean

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J. & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Pearson.

Hansai, S. (2020). Compelling factors in the delivery of quality information systems servicing accounting firms (Unpublished master’s thesis). Dhurakij Pundit University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Hiransalee, P. (2023). The impact of good internal control system on the operational efficiency of listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand. Journal of Roi Kaensarn Academi, 8(5), 33-48. https://so02.tci-thaijo.org/ index.php /JRKSA/article/view/260812/176060

Hussey, J. (2020). Managing quality in audit firms: Responding to the financial crises and changing expectations. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367332084

ICAEW. (2022). Quality management ISQM 1. Retrieved June 2025, from https://www.icaew.com/technical/ audit-and-assurance/audit/quality-management-in-audit-firms/quality-management-isqm

IAASB. (2020). International Standard on Quality Management (ISQM) 1, Quality Management for Firms that Perform Audits or Reviews of Financial Statements, or Other Assurance or Related Services Engagements. IFAC. Retrieved June 2025, from https://www.iaasb.org/publications/international-standard-quality-management-isqm-1-quality-management-firms-perform-audits-or-reviews

IAASB. (2021). International Standard on Quality Management (ISQM) 1, Quality Management for Firms that Perform Audits or Reviews of Financial Statements, or Other Assurance or Related Services Engagements. Retrieved August 2023, from https://www.iaasb.org/publications/international-standard-quality-management-isqm-1-quality-management-firms-perform-audits-or-reviews

International Federation of Accountants. (2022). International standard on quality management (ISQM1): Quality management for firms that perform audits or reviews of financial statements, or other assurance or related services engagements. Retrieved August 2023, from https://www.ifac.org

Kariyawasam, S. & Wijesinghe, N. (2021). Audit quality, firm performance, and the role of internal controls in the audit process. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 29(3), 391-411. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/ IJAIM-01-2020-0109

Kitiwong, W. & Sarapaivanich, N. (2024). The new audit report with key audit matters: Lessons from Thailand's first implementation. Accounting & Finance, 64(4), 1001-1036. https://doi.org/10.1111/acfi.13199

Khamphachanh, N. & Kittipichai, J. (2021). The impact of quality control standards on audit firms' practices in Thailand. Asian Journal of Accounting and Governance, 12(1), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.ajag.2021.05.004

Kline, P. (2015). Handbook of psychological testing (2nd ed.). Routledge.

Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). The Guilford Press.

Kohout, F. J. (1974). Statistics for social scientists: A coordinated learning system. John Wiley & Sons.

Kokina, J., Mancha, R. & Pachamanova, D. (2020). The role of artificial intelligence in accounting: New challenges and opportunities. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting, 17(1), 7-27. https:// doi.org/10.2308/jeta-52685

Law, K. K. & Shen, M. (2022). How does artificial intelligence shape audit firms? Management Science, 68(10), 7583-7606. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.04040

Liu, Z. & Zhang, Y. (2022). Audit quality and firm performance in emerging markets: Evidence from China and Thailand. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 46(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.intaccaudtax.2022.100573

Nunnally, J. C. & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Owusu-Afriyie, R., Awunyo-Vitor, D., Gyimah, P. & Appiah, K. O. (2024). Monitoring and audit quality: Does quality standards compliance matter? Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), Article 2416095. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/23311975.2024.2416095

PCAOB. (2023). Quality control standards: Implementation challenges and strategies for audit firms. Retrieved August 2023, from https://www.pcaobus.org

Pengjinda, S., Suakaew, U. & Manassong, C. (2025). Quality management affecting the performance of medium and small auditing offices in Bangkok. Rajapark Journal, 19(63), 466-480. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/ index.php/RJPJ /article/view/279067

Prasertsup, W. (2020). Quality control of audit firms in Thailand: Moving towards International Standard on Quality Management (ISQM1). Santapol College Academic Journal, 6(2), 243-253. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/ index.php/ scaj/article/view/240734

Rajgopal, S., Srinivasan, S. & Zheng, X. (2021). Measuring audit quality. Review of Accounting Studies, 26(2), 559-619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-020-09570-9

Rakkansilp, S., Sawaengwarot, A. & Budsalee, P. (2022). The relationship between professional accounting ethics and the work performance of accountants in Northeast Thailand. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nakhon Phanom University, 20(1), 228-248. https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ jhusoc/article/view/258302

Samagaio, A. & Felício, T. (2023). The determinants of internal audit quality. European Journal of Management and Business Economics, 32(4), 417-435. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJMBE-06-2022-0193

Snyder, P. J. & Wilson, H. G. (2020). Assessing content validity: A practical guide for measuring survey questions. Journal of Research Methods, 34(2), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrm.2020.02.004

Srisaat, B. (2002). Basic research (7th ed.). Suviriyasarn.

Suttipun, M. (2021). Impact of key audit matters (KAMs) reporting on audit quality: Evidence from Thailand. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, 22(5), 869-882. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAAR-10-2020-0210

TFAC. (2021). IAASB publishes ISQM 1 and ISQM 2 First time implementation guide. Retrieved June 2025, from https://www.tfac.or.th/Article/Detail/143838

Thirathon, U. & Mitrapanont, K. (2022). Effects of a governing body on internal audit quality: Empirical evidence from Thailand. Creative Business and Sustainability Journal, 44(2), 61-79. http://ajba.um. edu.my

Thottoli, M. M., Ahmed, E. R. & Thomas, K. V. (2022). Emerging technology and auditing practice: Analysis for future directions. European Journal of Management Studies, 27(1), 99-119. https://doi.org/10.1108/ EJMS-06-2021-0058

Tran, T. G. T., Pham, Q. T., Tran, T. T. P. & Bui, T. T. H. (2025). The impact of audit firm size on audit quality -An empirical study of the Vietnamese stock market. SAGE Open, 15(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10. 1177/21582440251336005

Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: An introductory analysis. Harper & Row.