“Phran Bet Pha Luang” Mythology, Delusion, and the Dominance of Ecclesiastical Ranks: An Analysis of the Crisis of Faith in Thai Monastic Institution
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Abstract
This research article aims to (1) study the dynamics of myths, beliefs, and the reproduction of sacredness in the Thai monastic institution through the structure of ecclesiastical titles and religious capital systems, (2) study and analyze structural factors in economic, social, and political dimensions that affect the crisis of faith and credibility of the monastic institution in contemporary times, and (3) critique power communication strategies, image management, and the role of monks in maintaining power and status in contemporary Thai society. This qualitative research employs a documentary research methodology, collecting data from religious documents, research articles, and public discourse, analyzing data through content analysis within the framework of power discourse analysis and symbolic capital. The research findings reveal a significant discovery of the “Phran Bet Phaa Luang” (Yellow-robed Hunter Myth) that uses the yellow robe as a tool to attract faith and capital through the reproduction of sacredness at four levels: (1) using discourse that elevates positions over practice, (2) transforming ecclesiastical titles into capital-producing mechanisms, (3) using quantitative indicators instead of dharmic quality, and (4) commodifying Buddhist principles. The crisis of faith emerges from a “Vicious Cycle” that interconnects economic, social, and political factors. Meanwhile, monastic communication has shifted from dharma transmission to public relations for status maintenance, using discourse to block questioning and creating religious branding. Overall, the research finds that the problem constitutes a structural crisis requiring structural reconstruction, encompassing independent monitoring mechanisms, reform of the ecclesiastical title system, transparent asset management, dismantling the myth of “untouchable religion”, and educational reform for monks. Without urgent reform, faith in the monastic institution may deteriorate irreversibly.
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