Democracy and Modern Political Conditions in Post-Soviet Eurasia: A Case Study of Kazakhstan

บทคัดย่อ

This research article aims to focus on democracy and modern political conditions in post-Soviet Eurasia, specifically in the case of Kazakhstan. The objectives of this research article are: 1) to study the status of Kazakhstan as a state of the former Soviet Union; and 2) to analyze political and social change factors with the construction of Kazakhstan’s democracy and state status of post-Soviet Eurasia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the problems of all post-Soviet states are their anarchic politics and institutional arrangements. Kazakhstan is similar, yet has different issues attributed to political and social change. In 2022, protests preceded the Ukraine crisis in Kazakhstan. Whether Russia was involved in the collapse of the Soviet Union or not, preferential treatment was offered to a specific group who had connections with the former Soviet government. This result found that the shifts in anti-Russian resistance had affected Kazakhstan's political and social character. The protesters intended to oust the authoritarian leader Nursultan Nazarbayev, the first president from 1990 to 2019. The protests erupted with the freedom movement of Kazakhs as Hordeism, including the phenomenon of Russophobia, which added another dimension to Kazakh politics. Everyone is concerned regarding the crisis in Kazakhstan being the same process in Ukraine. The trend of nationalism in Kazakhstan is becoming increasingly evident as well as attempts to create aspirations for an anarchist state based on Western political philosophy.