การวิเคราะห์สภาพปัญหาและแนวทางในการส่งเสริมทักษะ 4Cs ของนักเรียนในระดับชั้นประถมศึกษา โรงเรียนสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษาเชียงใหม่ เขต 3
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ธ.ค. 20, 2021
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การวิเคราะห์สภาพปัญหา แนวทางในการส่งเสริม ทักษะ 4Cs นักเรียนในระดับประถมศึกษาตอนปลาย
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บทคัดย่อ
บทความวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ศึกษาวิเคราะห์สภาพปัญหาทักษะ 4Cs ของนักเรียนในระดับประถมศึกษา โรงเรียนสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษาเชียงใหม่ เขต 3 และ 2) เพื่อศึกษาแนวทางในการส่งเสริมทักษะ 4Cs ของนักเรียนในระดับประถมศึกษา โรงเรียนสังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาประถมศึกษาเชียงใหม่ เขต 3 เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพ โดยดำเนินการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกกับผู้บริหาร ครูผู้สอน และครูที่ปรึกษา จำนวน 5 โรงเรียนๆ ละ 3 คน รวมทั้งสิ้นจำนวน 15 คน การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยวิธีการวิเคราะห์เนื้อหา
ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) สภาพปัญหาทักษะ 4Cs ของนักเรียน ได้แก่ (1) ด้านการคิดอย่างมีวิจารณญาณ นักเรียนขาดทักษะการสังเกต การคิด ไม่สามารถคิดวางแผน และแก้ปัญหาได้อย่างเป็นลำดับขั้นตอน (2) ด้านการสื่อสาร นักเรียนขาดความรู้และประสบการณ์ในการสื่อสาร ใช้ภาษาในการสื่อสารที่ไม่เหมาะสม (3) ด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน นักเรียนขาดการวางแผน การยอมรับฟังความคิดเห็นของผู้อื่น ยึดความคิดของตนเป็นสำคัญ (4) ด้านการคิดสร้างสรรค์ นักเรียนมีความคิดว่าตนเองไร้ความสามารถ ไม่กล้าคิดนอกกรอบและลงมือทำสิ่งใหม่ๆ ที่สร้างสรรค์ 2) แนวทางในการส่งเสริมทักษะ 4Cs ของนักเรียน ได้แก่ (1) ด้านการคิดอย่างมีวิจารณญาณ ครูควรมีการส่งเสริมให้นักเรียนกล้าคิด กล้าแสดงออก เปิดโอกาสให้เด็กได้แสดงความคิดเห็นอย่างอิสระ (2) ด้านการสื่อสาร ครูควรจัดกิจกรรมฝึกให้นักเรียนใช้ภาษาในการสื่อสารกับบุคคลที่หลากหลาย สร้างบรรยากาศให้นักเรียนได้มีการตอบโต้ในชั้นเรียน (3) ด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน ครูควรจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ให้นักเรียนสามารถปรับตัวอยู่ร่วมกับผู้อื่น เน้นลงมือปฏิบัติร่วมกัน (4) ด้านการคิดสร้างสรรค์ ครูควรจัดสภาพแวดล้อมที่กระตุ้นให้นักเรียนเกิดความคิดสร้างสรรค์ ฝึกให้นักเรียนใช้ความคิด จินตนาการอย่างสร้างสรรค์ และไม่ปิดกั้นความคิดของนักเรียน
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ทัศนะและความคิดเห็นที่ปรากฏในบทความในวารสาร ถือเป็นความรับผิดชอบของผู้เขียนบทความนั้น และไม่ถือเป็นทัศนะและความรับผิดชอบของกองบรรณาธิการ ยินยอมว่าบทความเป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสาร
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Serrano, J., & Pons, R. (2007). Cooperative learning: We can also do it without task structure. Interculture Education, 18, 215-230.
Sharan, Y. (2010). Cooperative learning for academic and social gains: Valued pedagogy, problematic practice. European Journal of Education, 45, 300-313.
Sharp, C. (2004). Developing young children’s creativity: what can we learn from research?. National Foundation for Educational Research Topic Journal, 32, 5-12.
Sidhisamarn, S. (2020). The lost creativity of Thai children. Retrieved from
https://www.thaipbskids.com/contents/5f6188f917d8e5bbee2401a1
Singh, A. (2020). How To Improve Effective Communication Skills In Students. https://www.theasianschool.net/blog/how-to-improve-effective-communication- skills-in-students/
Siribanpitak, P. (2010). Critical Education Analysis: Fundamentals of Critical Education.Bangkok: Thai sampan.
Susaorat, P. (2008). The development of thinking. (2nd ed.). Bangkok: 9119 Printing Techniques.
Tangkitvanich, S. (2013). Basic Education Reform for 21st Century Learning, Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI). Bangkok: National Statistical Office.
Thai PBS News. (2015). ONESQA reveals the results of the latest 5 years of Thai education assessment results of low quality and insufficient teachers. Retrieved from https://news.thaipbs.or.th/content/3025
Thammawongsa, B. (2018). Collaborative Skill: Because problems in the new era cannot be solved alone, create a classroom as a team from now. Retrieved from https://thepotential.org/knowledge/collaborative-skill/
Thanapud, M., Langka, W., & Charoensuk, O. (2014). Factors Influencing the Creativity of Grade Nine Students: A Multiple Group Path Analysis. Research Methodology & Cognitive Science, 12(1), 88-98.
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2012). 21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in Our Times. San Francisco: Wiley Book.
Wiboonthanakul, S. (2020). On the day when Thai children lack critical thinking. Retrieved from https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/news/detail/866840
Wijayati, N., Sumarni, W., & Supanti, S. (2019). Improving student creative thinking skills through project based learning. KnE Scocial Sciences, 408-421.
Anuruthwong, U. (2012) A Study on the Impact of Activities for Enhancing Creative Thinking in Young Children. Journal of Behavioral Science for Development. 5(2), 84-94.
Bee, S. B. (2012). The impact of teacher’s communication skills on teaching:reflections of pre-service teachers on their communication strength and weaknesses. Humanising language teaching, 14(1).
Chanklin, N. (2014). A Study of Problems and Approaches to Management of Learner Skills in the 21st Century: Noen Maprang School, Phitsanulok Primary Educational Service Area Office District 2. (Master degree). Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phetchabun
Chiriac, E. H. (2014). Group work as an incentive for learning-students’ experiences of group work. Frontiers in Psychology, Educational Psychology, 5(558), 1-10.
Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1999). Implications of a systems perspective for the study of creativity. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of creativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dek-D. (2014). Thai students! Prefer "single work" over "group work". Retrieved from https://www.dek-d.com/education/35811/
Doyle, A. (2020). What are collaboration skills?. Retrieved from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/collaboration-skills-with-examples-2059686
Dyer, W. G. (1995). Teams Building: Current issues and new alternative. (3rd ed.). Boston: Addision Wesley.
Ichsan, R., Addwiyah, R., & Wilujeng, I. (2020). Analysis of the ability of students’ communication skills and self-efficacy on science instruction. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1440, 1-7.
Isranews Agency. (2013). The ethnic children can't read, can't write, fear of coming to school, the cause of communication with teachers. Retrieved from shorturl.asia/k6dUg
Kautz, T. D., Heckman, J., Diris, R., ter Weel, B., & Borghans, L. (2014). Fostering and measuring skills: Improving cognitive and non-cognitive skills to promote lifetime success. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.
Kyllonen, P. (2013). Soft skills for the workplace. Change, 45(6), 16-23.
Khambayat, S. R. (2017). Developing effective communication skills in students. Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies, 4(37), 8799-8817.
Khan, A., Khan, S., Zia-UI-Islam, S., & Kan, M. (2017). Communication Skills of a Teacher and Its Role in the Development of the Students’ Academic Success. Journal of Education and Practice, 8(1), 18-21.
Khuana, T., & Khuana, K. (2018). Learning Management for Promoting the Creativity Thinking in Educational Production: Thailand Education 4.0. Journal of Research and Development Institute, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University. 5(2), 325-342.
Krames, J. A. (2010). Jack Welch and the 4E’s of leadership: How to put GE’s leadership formula to work in your organization. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Marasri, S. (2019). Developing Critical Thinking Skills in the 21st Century. Journal of MCUNan Review, 3(2), 105-112.
Mehrinejad, S. A., Rajabimoghadam, S., & Tarsafi, M. (2015). The Relationship between Parenting Styles and Creativity and the Predictability of Creativity by Parenting Styles. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 205, 56-60.
Munandar, U. (2009). Pengembangan Kreatifitas Anak Berbakat. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Noro-a, S., Charong, N., Musigcharoen, N., & Yossiri, V. (2018). Features of Language Used of Thai Teenagers on Social Media. The 9th Hatyai National and International Conference, 940-952.
Nurlaela, L. (2015). Developing creative thinking skills in learning at higher-educational institution of teacher. Adv. Soc. Sci. Educ. Humanit. Res., 114–119.
OECD PISA Collaborative Problem Solving Expert Working Group (2013). PISA 2015 draft collaborative problem solving framework. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisaproducts/Draft%20PISA%202015%20Collaborat ive%20Problem%20Solving%20Framework%20.pdf
Office of the Education Council. (2017). The National education plan, A.D. 2017-2036. Bangkok: Prigwan Co., Ltd.
Office of the national education commission. (2001). Manual for internal assessment of educational institutions according to educational standards Designing an internal evaluation system. Bangkok: Office of the national education commission.
Ollhoff, J., & Ollhoff, L. (2004). Getting Along: Teaching Social Skills to Children and Youth. MN: Sparrow Media Group.
Panit, W. (2012). The Way of Learning for 21st Century Students. Bangkok: Tatata Publication.
Panit, W. (2013). Important work of Thai education to create “skills” for 21st century learners. 4(11), Bangkok: Akson.
Paramitha, A., & Indarti, N. (2014). Impact of the Environment Support on Creativity: Assessing the Mediating Role of Intrinsic Motivation. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 115, 102-114.
Partnership for 21st Century Skills. (2019). Framework for 21st Century learning. Retrieved from http://www.battelleforkids.org/networks/p21/frameworks-resources
Pellegrino J. W., & Hilton, M. L. (2012). Education for life and work: Developing transferable knowledge and skills in the 21st century. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
Penrattanahiran, R., & Thongkham, K. (2021). A Survey of Soft Skills Needed in the 21st Century Workplace. Rajabhat Rambhai Barni Research Journal, 15(1), 59-69.
Petchar, A., Kraisakul, K., & Thammachat, S. (2017). A model of learning management critical from southern lullabies to enhance analytical thinking skill in secondary schools. Journal of Education, Faculty of Education, Srinakharinwirot University, 18(1), 214-226.
Phonyiam, P., Simmatun, P., & Popoonsak, P. (2018). The Development of Teamwork Skills Using Jigsaw II Learning Management with on Social Media for Students Mathayomsuksa V. The 2nd Rajabhat Mahasarakham University Graduate Research Conference. 102-108.
Politis, J., & Houtz, J. C. (2015). Effects of Positive Mood on Generative and Evaluative Thinking in Creative Problem Solving. SAGE Open, 5(2), 1-8.
Post Today. (2010). The blind spot of Thai education, Outcome against quality. Retrieved from https://www.posttoday.com/politic/report/34103
Quality learning foundation. (2013). Survey of Thai children skills in the 21st century. Retrieved from http://www.qlf.or.th/Home/Contents/570
Runco, M. A. (2014). Creativity: Theories and themes: Research, development, and practice. (2nd ed.). Elsevier Academic Press.
Scott, R. (2019). Why Teacher-Student Communication is So Important. Retrieved from https://www.collegeraptor.com/find-colleges/articles/tips-tools-advice/teacher- student-communication-important/
Serrano, J., & Pons, R. (2007). Cooperative learning: We can also do it without task structure. Interculture Education, 18, 215-230.
Sharan, Y. (2010). Cooperative learning for academic and social gains: Valued pedagogy, problematic practice. European Journal of Education, 45, 300-313.
Sharp, C. (2004). Developing young children’s creativity: what can we learn from research?. National Foundation for Educational Research Topic Journal, 32, 5-12.
Sidhisamarn, S. (2020). The lost creativity of Thai children. Retrieved from
https://www.thaipbskids.com/contents/5f6188f917d8e5bbee2401a1
Singh, A. (2020). How To Improve Effective Communication Skills In Students. https://www.theasianschool.net/blog/how-to-improve-effective-communication- skills-in-students/
Siribanpitak, P. (2010). Critical Education Analysis: Fundamentals of Critical Education.Bangkok: Thai sampan.
Susaorat, P. (2008). The development of thinking. (2nd ed.). Bangkok: 9119 Printing Techniques.
Tangkitvanich, S. (2013). Basic Education Reform for 21st Century Learning, Thailand Development Research Institute (TDRI). Bangkok: National Statistical Office.
Thai PBS News. (2015). ONESQA reveals the results of the latest 5 years of Thai education assessment results of low quality and insufficient teachers. Retrieved from https://news.thaipbs.or.th/content/3025
Thammawongsa, B. (2018). Collaborative Skill: Because problems in the new era cannot be solved alone, create a classroom as a team from now. Retrieved from https://thepotential.org/knowledge/collaborative-skill/
Thanapud, M., Langka, W., & Charoensuk, O. (2014). Factors Influencing the Creativity of Grade Nine Students: A Multiple Group Path Analysis. Research Methodology & Cognitive Science, 12(1), 88-98.
Trilling, B., & Fadel, C. (2012). 21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in Our Times. San Francisco: Wiley Book.
Wiboonthanakul, S. (2020). On the day when Thai children lack critical thinking. Retrieved from https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/news/detail/866840
Wijayati, N., Sumarni, W., & Supanti, S. (2019). Improving student creative thinking skills through project based learning. KnE Scocial Sciences, 408-421.