Community Economic Development in the Upper Northern Region of Thailand: Potential and Roles of Community and State in the Development
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Abstract
The research article consisted of the following objectives: 1) to study the development and change of the community's economy and society in the upper northern region; 2) to investigate the components of community economic and social change in the upper northern region; and 3) to investigate the success factors that contribute to the development and creation of community social innovations in the upper northern region. The study used participant observation as a qualitative research approach. The study used participant observation as a qualitative research approach. During B.E. 2561–2563, an in-depth interview was conducted with 50 key informants, including community leaders, government officials, and other relevant people in the community in Ban Mae Chan Tai and Ban Pha Hee of Chiang Rai province and Ban Mae Mok in Lampang province.
From the study, the following results have been found: 1) The development and change of the community's economy and society in the upper northern region have resulted in the social innovations as follows: (1) an unofficial community leader, (2) self-management through the use of customary community rules in conjunction with the legal system,
(3) community members are able to find a marketplace to trade and build their own brand, (4) the development of a new market mechanism for selling products and services directly to customers, and (5) the development of new occupations and community services based on the new body of knowledge; 2) The components of community economic and social change in the upper northern region refer to the creation of vocational labor, the transformation of the agricultural socio-economic system from subsistence agriculture to farming for profit, the Royal Project that promotes occupation, public health, and education, and the state that promotes the community economy. All of this contributes to the success of many community economies and new social innovations; 3) The success factors that contribute to the development and creation of community social innovations in the upper northern region include 3 aspects: (1) Thailand has a good legal system and infrastructure, (2) the application of new body of knowledge to the community with appropriate management, and (3) external support components and factors.
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