“แพรวา” จาก “มรดกเชิงคุณค่า” สู่ “สินค้าวัฒนธรรม”

บทคัดย่อ

          This is qualitative research that explores the concepts of identity, cultural capital, souvenir, and commodification of culture which delves into the identity creation of silk as a souvenir in tourism industry. Data collection was based on participant observation and non-participant observation and in-depth interviews with 17 knowledgeable informants which saw main informants defined as weavers, craftspersons, and state organizations that are involved in silk production. The research also engaged those who work on tourism products within the community private companies related to silk production and trade. The research which was conducted at Ban Phon, Khammuang District, Kalasin Province, revealed that Praewa, a traditional sash worn by ladies of Phuthai villages, forms a part of traditional costumes used in ceremonial traditions such as ordination and wedding. The creation of  cultural identity followed the following two processes; 1) the naming of Praewa as the Queen of Thai Silks originating from the annual silk production contest held at Phu Phan Ratchaniwet Palace, and 2) the opening of the “trade and tourism sector” which initiated the transformation of a cultural identity into a culturally integrated merchandisable item. Furthermore, mechanization of Praewa, a memorabilia of tourism, its weaving techniques, and the openning of a “domain” that allows local people to expresss their cultural identity helps to embolden the value and significance of the fabric. The above mentioned transformation was made possible under the modernized context of cultural identity and villagers of Ban Phon have seized the opportunity to exploit capitalist mechanisms in profiting from Praewa under the prestige of tourism.