Design and Effectiveness Evaluation of a Hi-STEM Module for Developing Halal Food Entrepreneurial Skills
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research originated from the skill gaps among halal food entrepreneurs in the Southern Border Provinces, particularly the lack of systematic integration between technology and ethics. The objectives were: 1) to study the needs for entrepreneurial skill development in Pattani Province; 2) to design a "Hi-STEM" (Halal-Integrated Success Model) intensive training module; and 3) to validate the content validity and appropriateness of the module and research instruments by experts. This study employed a Qualitative Research design, focusing on content analysis. The key informants consisted of 9 purposively selected experts in Halal food, STEM education, and local entrepreneurs. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The research instruments were subsequently validated and evaluated for appropriateness by a panel of 5 experts.
The findings revealed that 1) Entrepreneurs have an urgent need for STEM and food technology skills (The Microscope), coupled with the cultivation of Halal ethics based on the Wasatiyyah (moderation) principle as a business core 2) The design resulted in the Hi-STEM model, which integrates Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) and Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs) across four pillars: Halal Ethics (The Heart), STEM Skills (The Microscope), Crisis Resilience (The Shield), and Business Growth (The Rocket) and 3) The expert validation confirmed that the module and research instruments possessed high levels of content validity and appropriateness, with the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) and appropriateness scores meeting the standard criteria, indicating structural and thematic readiness for actual implementation. The body of knowledge gained is an integrated "Hybrid Entrepreneur" development module. However, this study is limited to qualitative exploration and preliminary validation; thus, the findings serve as a structural model that should be further piloted to evaluate its actual effectiveness on learners in future phases.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abdullah, M. A. & Azam, S. E. (2020). Halal entrepreneurship from Maqasid-al-sharia’h perspective: Inseparable concept for Halalpreneurs. Journal of Food Science, 4, 34–42.
Abdur-Rauf, I. A. & Raimi, L. (2023). Understanding Islamic and halal entrepreneurship from the Maqasidul Shari’ah perspective. In Islamic Entrepreneurship (pp. 19–32). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6427-7_2
Abimanyu, A. & Faiz, I. A. (2023). ASEAN halal markets analysis: Regulatory and harmonization challenges. Global Review of Islamic Economics and Business, 11(1), 25–44.
Akbar, J., Gul, M., Jahangir, M., Adnan, M., Saud, S., Hassan, S. & Fahad, S. (2023). Global trends in halal food standards: A review. Foods, 12(23), 4200.
Aniqoh, N. A. F. A. & Hanastiana, M. R. (2020). Halal food industry: Challenges and opportunities in Europe. Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry, 2(1), 43–54.
Azam, M. S. E., & Abdullah, M. A. (2020). Global halal industry: Realities and opportunities. International Journal of Islamic Business Ethics (IJIBE), 5(1), 47–59.
Beaubien, J. M. & Baker, D. P. (2017). The use of simulation for training teamwork skills in health care: how low can you go. Simulation in Aviation Training, 445-450.
Bella-Salsa, A., Kartika, B., Jaiyeoba, H. B. & Jamaludin, M. A. (2023). Halal Lifestyle Entrepreneurship: Concept, Practice, Prospects and Challenges. Journal of Halal Science and Technology, 2(2), 19-25.
Blaszczynski, C. & Green, D. J. (2012). Effective strategies and activities for developing soft skills (Part 1). Journal of Applied Learning, 10(1), 1-6.
Bohari, A. M., Cheng, W. H. & Fuad, N. (2013). An analysis on the competitiveness of halal food industry in Malaysia: An approach of SWOT and ICT strategy. Malaysia Journal of Society and Space, 9(1), 1–11.
Brunal, M. C. H. & Torres, H. R. T. (2024). The integration of soft skills in engineering education: a pedagogical and transformative approach. Encuentro Internacional de Educación en Ingeniería ACOFI 2024. https://doi.org/10.26507/paper.3641
Chang, S. H., Yang, L. J., Chen, C. H., Shih, C. C., Shu, Y. & Chen, Y. T. (2024). STEM education in academic achievement: a meta-analysis of its moderating effects. Interactive Learning Environments, 32(6), 2401-2423.
Desidério, S. B., Lelis, M. R. L., Rodrigues, M. E. M., dos Santos, F. K. F. & Marques, A. B. (2023, August). Investigando o desenvolvimento de soft skills em projetos parceiros do Programa Meninas Digitais: um estudo exploratório. In Women in Information Technology (WIT) (pp. 171-181). SBC.
Deveci, I. & Seikkula-Leino, J. (2023). The link between entrepreneurship and STEM education. In Enhancing entrepreneurial mindsets through STEM education (pp. 3-23). Springer International Publishing.
Ellah, H. R. (2025). Project-based learning to develop teamwork and critical thinking skills in the EFL classroom. European Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 9(3), 106-124.
Fikadu, G., Kant, S. & Adula, M. (2023). Halal entrepreneurialism effect on Halal food industry future in Ethiopia: Mediation role of risk propensity and self efficacy. Journal of Halal Science, Industry, and Business, 1(1), 15-25.
Kalsoom, U., Khan, W. A., Sultana, F. & Ahmed, M. (2024). Empowering innovation: A comprehensive perspective on Muslim business ownership. Al-NASR, 63–74.
Lim, I. (2024). A physical neuroscience-themed escape room: Design, implementation, and students’ perceptions. Education and Information Technologies, 29(7), 8725-8740.
Meliza, J., Erwansyah, E., Harianto, H. & Ariffin, K. H. K. (2023). Islamic entrepreneurship nurturing new ventures through Islamic principles. In Advances in Logistics, Operations, and Management Science (pp. 56–66). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7519-5.ch004
Morozova, M. V., Fasolko, T., Poliuha, V. V., Veselska, L. A. & Bagration, K. P. (2022). Formación de habilidades blandas en comunicación y resolución de conflictos en estudiantes. Apuntes Universitarios, 12(3), 236–252.
Raimi, L., Abdur-Rauf, I. A. & Olaide Raimi, B. (2025). Interdependence of halal entrepreneurship and Islamic finance for creating a strong halal ecosystem. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 16(3), 929-954.
Rashidi Abbas, F. A. A. K. & Azmie, I. A. G. (2013). Integrating soft skills assessment through soft skills workshop program for engineering students at University of Pahang: an analysis. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 2(1), 33–46.
Sharma, R. & Gupta, P. (2024). Analysis of soft skills in engineering curriculum. Journal of Engineering Education Transformations, 37(2), 105–112.
Xie, Y., Fang, M. & Shauman, K. (2015). STEM education. Annual Review of Sociology, 41(1), 331– 357.
Yang, Y., Sun, W., Sun, D. & Salas-Pilco, S. Z. (2025). Navigating the AI-enhanced STEM education landscape: A decade of insights, trends, and opportunities. Research in Science & Technological Education, 43(3), 693–717.
Yu, W., Zheng, Z. & He, J. (2025). Integrating entrepreneurial education into STEM education: A systematic review. Research in Science Education, 55(1), 159–185.
Zailani, S., Arrifin, Z., Abd Wahid, N., Othman, R. & Fernando, Y. (2010). Halal traceability and halal tracking systems in strengthening halal food supply chain for food industry in Malaysia (a review). Journal of Food Technology, 8(3), 74–81.
