The Development of Self-Protection Skills for Safety in Waste Sorting among Cambodian Workers in Bangkok

Abstract

This study aimed (1) to examine the factors associated with safety behaviors of Cambodian waste-sorting workers in Bangkok, (2) to explore approaches for developing self-protection skills for occupational safety in waste-sorting, and (3) to propose an appropriate skill development model.
A qualitative research design was employed, with purposive sampling of 25 participants, including workers, employers, and related stakeholders. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observations, and focus group discussions, and were analyzed using content analysis. The results revealed that (1) the key determinants of self-protection behaviors included safety knowledge and attitudes, basic Thai language proficiency, and work experience; (2) effective approaches to skill development should emphasize bilingual media, practical training workshops, and the establishment of peer labor leaders as mentors, supported by a safe working environment; and (3) the findings were synthesized into the SSECW model, which consists of raising awareness, providing safety knowledge, creating a supportive environment, promoting community participation, and empowering workers to take ownership of their self-protection. This body of knowledge can be applied to enhance safety measures in urban waste-sorting centers and sustainably reduce occupational risks among migrant workers.