Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of Trustworthy Leadership Development for Primary School Administrators

Abstract

This article aimed to study the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the development of trustworthy leadership for primary school administrators. A multiphase mixed methods research approach was used. The sample group consisted of schools offering primary education under the Office of the Basic Education Commission, selected through multi-stage random sampling. The informants included directors, deputy directors, and teachers, totaling 1,185 individuals, chosen using a multi-step random selection method. The research instrument was a form assessing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the development of trustworthy leadership for primary school administrators. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to calculate basic metrics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and need assessment index.
The results revealed two main aspects: 1) the internal environment (strengths and weaknesses) and 2) the external environment (opportunities and threats). In terms of the internal environment, strengths include individual learning through consultancy on competence, and individual learning through mentoring on competence. Weaknesses identified are group learning through residential and off-site learning on competence, and group learning through residential and off-site learning on reliability in words and action with integrity. And 2) Regarding the external environment, technology factors were found to significantly support the development of competence in individual learning through coaching, and individual learning through E-learning. Conversely, technology factors also pose threats to group learning through portfolio on caring and concern, and reliability in words and action with integrity.