Effects of A Self-Management Program on Medication Adherence Among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Abstract
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common respiratory diseases today, resulting in chronic illness that affects the quality of life of patients and their families. This study aimed to examine the effects of a self-management program on medication adherence among patients with COPD.
Design: A quasi-experimental two-group design with pre- and post-intervention assessments.
Methods: The participants were 60 patients attending the COPD outpatient clinic. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 30) or a control group (n = 30) using simple random sampling. The instruments included: a general and health information questionnaire, a medication adherence questionnaire, and a self-management questionnaire. The content validity indices (CVI) of the tools were 0.95, 0.90, and 0.92, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.88 and 0.90 respectively. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test, and independent t-test.
Results: The experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in both medication adherence and self-management scores after participating in the self-management program (t = 34.19, p < 0.05; and t = 35.85, p < 0.05, respectively). Moreover, post-intervention scores of medication adherence and self-management in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group receiving routine care (t = 26.41, p < 0.05; and t = 36.38, p < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusions: The self-management program effectively improved medication adherence and self-management among COPD patients, which may consequently enhance their quality of life and that of their families in the long term.
Keywords: self-management, medication adherence, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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