The Association of Gabapentin Use and Risk of Dementia in the Elderly Individuals
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Abstract
Background: Dementia is a common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly. Due to the aging population, the prevalence of dementia is gradually increasing. Trends in Gabapentin prescribing have risen in primary care. The use of Gabapentin leads to neurocognitive changes, which may contribute to the development of cognitive impairment. This drug may be associated with the regression of cognition and activities of daily living. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association between cumulative Gabapentin use and the risk for dementia.
Design: Etiognostic Research with retrospective case control design
Methods: A total of 474 patients took part in the analysis, with 111 of them being Gabapentin-exposed patients out of a total of 238 dementia cases (mean age 75.97 ± 8.96 years; male 42.00%), and 108 being Gabapentin-exposed patients out of 236 non-dementia cases (mean age 71.78 ± 8.17 years; male 50.00%). The outcome was a cumulative Total Standardized Daily Dose (TSDD) of Gabapentin. Data on confounding factors such as age, gender, body mass index, and underlying diseases were collected. The data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, which revealed adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). The comparison group was represented by 0 TSDDs.
Results: The Adjusted Odds Ratio for cumulative Gabapentin exposure compared to non-exposure was 1.66 (95% CI = 1.03-2.68, p = 0.03) for > 360 TSDDs. A non-significant result of the Adjusted Odds Ratio was 1.24 (95%CI: = 0.58-2.63, p = 0.58) for 181-360 TSDDs.
Conclusion: From this study, it was found that there is an association between the cumulative use of Gabapentin and the risk for dementia. Therefore, it is recommended that this drug be used with caution, especially in more susceptible elderly individuals, and to reduce risk factors for dementia.
Keywords: dementia, gabapentin, total standardized daily dose
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