Factors associated with insomnia in older patients at primary care unit, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital
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Published:
Nov 22, 2020
Keywords:
Insomnia Older patients Non-communicable diseases
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Abstract
The purposes of this study were to examine risk factors and characteristics of insomnia in elderly patients who treated for NCDs period was 3 months from 1 March to 31 May 2020. The sample consisted of male and female 60 years old and older patients who treated for NCDs. Total samples were 170 people divided into 2 groups include non-insomnia group 85 people and insomnia group 85 people. The samples were selected by quota sampling. Using questionnaire to collected data. Using SPSS program to statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using frequency (N), percentage (%), mean ± SD, chi-square, independent samples t-test and binary logistic regression. Set statistical significance at P-value < 0.05. The finding showed risk factors of insomnia include poor family relationship, Non-alcohol use, Non-exercise and irregular sleep-wake time. The most common insomnia symptoms are difficulty maintaining sleep. The study results can use to promote good family relationship, exercise and good sleep hygiene. All of these methods lead elderly patients can sleep without medication use which are safe, less cost and more sustain than using sleeping pills. Alcohol is not recommend using for sleeping aids because it lead to sleep fragmentation in the second half of sleep1 and can cause tolerance after using for several consecutive day2.
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1.
Petchnoi T. Factors associated with insomnia in older patients at primary care unit, Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital. PCFM [internet]. 2020 Nov. 22 [cited 2025 Dec. 15];3(2):51-73. available from: https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PCFM/article/view/245178
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References
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2 Timothy Roehrs, Thomas Roth. Insomnia as a Path to Alcoholism: Tolerance Development and Dose Escalation. Sleep 2018; 41(8).
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9 Ellen Stein, Philip O Katz. GERD: GERD and Insomnia-First Degree Relatives or Distant Cousins?. Nature reviews|gastroenterology & hepatology 2010; 7: 8-9.
10 Yu-Chieh Lin, Chih-Cheng Lai, Chih-Chiang Chien, Chin-Ming Chen, Shyh-Ren Chiang, Chung-Han Ho, etc. Is Insomnia a Risk Factor for New-Onset Asthma? A Population-Based Study in Taiwan. BMJ open 2017; 7(11).
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17 Jennifer A Ailshire, Sarah A Burgard. Family Relationships and Troubled Sleep Among U.S. Adults: Examining the Influences of Contact Frequency and Relationship Quality. J Health Soc Behav 2012; 52(2): 248-62.
18 Robert G Kent, Bert N Uchino, Matthew R Cribbet, Kimberly Bowen, Timothy W Smith. Social Relationships and Sleep Quality. Ann Behav Med 2015; 49(6): 912-7.
19 Mahesh M Thakkar, Rishi Sharma, Pradeep Sahota. Alcohol Disrupts Sleep Homeostasis. Alcohol 2014; 49(4): 299-310.
20 Timothy Roehrs, Thomas Roth. Insomnia as a Path to Alcoholism: Tolerance Development and Dose Escalation. Sleep 2018; 41(8).
21 Ian M. Colrain, Christian L. Nicholas, Fiona C. Baker. Alcohol and the Sleeping Brain. Handb Clin Neurol 2014; 125: 415-31.
22 Ying Ma, Zhi Hu, Xia Qin, etc. Prevalence and socio-economic correlates of insomnia among older people in Anhui, China. Australasian Journal on Ageing 2018; 37(3): 91-6.
23 Adetola M. Ogunbode, Lawrence A. Adebusoye, Olufemi O. Olowookere, etc. Factors Associated with Insomnia among Elderly Patients Attending a Geriatric Centre in Nigeria. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research 2014; 2014.
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27 Glauber Sá Brandão, Glaucia Sá Brandão Freitas Gomes, Glaudson Sá Brandão, Antônia A Callou Sampaio, Claudio F Donner, Luis V F Oliveira, etc. Home Exercise Improves the Quality of Sleep and Daytime Sleepiness of Elderlies: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Multidiscip Respir Med 2018; 15.
28 Kathryn J Reid, Kelly Glazer Baron, Brandon Lu, Erik Naylor, Lisa Wolfe, Phyllis C Zee . Aerobic Exercise Improves Self-Reported Sleep and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Insomnia. Sleep Med 2010; 11(9): 934-40.
29 Katrina L Piercy, Richard P Troiano, Rachel M Ballard, Susan A Carlson, Janet E Fulton, Deborah A Galuska, et al . The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Jama 2018; 320(19).
30 Andrew J. K. Phillips, William M. Clerx, Conor S. O’Brien, Akane Sano, Laura K. Barger, Rosalind W. Picard, et al. Irregular sleep/wake patterns are associated with poorer academic performance and delayed circadian and sleep/wake timing. Scientific Reports 2017.
31 Marc Wittmann, Jenny Dinich, Martha Merrow, Till Roenneberg. Social Jetlag: Misalignment of Biological and Social Time . Chronobiol Int 2006; 23(1-2): 497-509.
32 Junxin Li, Michael V Vitiello, Nalaka S Gooneratne. Sleep in Normal Aging. Sleep Med Clin 2018; 13(1): 1-11.
33 Eman Shokry Abd Allah, Hassanat Ramadan Abdel-Aziz, Amany Rashad Abo El-Seoud. Insomnia : Prevalence, risk factors, and its effect on quality of life among elderly in Zagazig City, Egypt. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 2014; 4(8).
34 Andrew J K Phillips, William M Clerx, Conor S O'Brien, Akane Sano, Laura K Barger, Rosalind W Picard . Irregular sleep/wake Patterns Are Associated With Poorer Academic Performance and Delayed Circadian and sleep/wake Timing. Sci Rep 2017; 7(1).
35 Maurice M Ohayon, Mary A Carskadon, Christian Guilleminault, Michael V Vitiello. Meta-analysis of Quantitative Sleep Parameters From Childhood to Old Age in Healthy Individuals: Developing Normative Sleep Values Across the Human Lifespan. Sleep 2004; 27(7): 1055-73.
36 สถาบันเวชศาสตร์ผู้สูงอายุ กรมการแพทย์ กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. แนวทางเวชปฏิบัติการดูแลรักษาผู้สูงอายุที่มีความผิดปกติเกี่ยวกับการนอนหลับ. กรุงเทพฯ: ชุมนุมสหกรณ์การเกษตรแห่งประเทศไทย; 2551.
37 Yu-Mei Wanga, Hong-Guang Chena, Mei Song, etc . Prevalence of insomnia and its risk factors in older individuals: acommunity-based study in four cities of Hebei Province, China. Sleep Medicine 2016; 19(2016): 116-122.
38 H Farazdaq, M Andrades, K Nanji. Insomnia and its correlates among elderly patients presenting to family medicine clinics at an academic center. Malays family medicine 2018; 13(3): 12-9.
39 Harneet K. Walia, Reena Mehra. Practical Aspects of Actigraphy and Approaches in Clinical and Research Domains. Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2019; 130: 371-79.
2 Timothy Roehrs, Thomas Roth. Insomnia as a Path to Alcoholism: Tolerance Development and Dose Escalation. Sleep 2018; 41(8).
3 Jerome M. Siegel. Sleep Viewed as a State of Adaptive Inactivity. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2009; 10(10): 747-53.
4 Robbert Havekes, Peter Meerlo, Ted Abel. Animal studies on the role of sleep in memory: from behavioral performance to molecular mechanisms. Sleep, Neuronal Plasticity and Brain Function. Berlin: Springer; 2015. p. 183-206.
5 Nabil S. Kamel, Julie K. Gammack. Insomnia in the Elderly: Cause, Approach, and Treatment. The American Journal of Medicine 2006; 119(6): 463-69.
6 Sogol Javaheri, Susan Redline. Insomnia and risk of cardiovascular disease. Chest 2017; 152(2): 435-44.
7 Chia Ling Lin, Wu Chien Chien, Chi Hsiang Chung, Fei Ling Wu. Risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with insomnia: A population based historical cohort study. Diabetic metabolism research and reviews 2017; 34(1).
8 Chales A. Czeisler, Thomas E. Scammell, Clifford B. Saper. Sleep disorder. In: Kasper, Fauci, Hauser, Longo, Jameson, loscalzo, editors. Harrison's principle of internal medicine, 19th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill Education; 2015. p. 184-9.
9 Ellen Stein, Philip O Katz. GERD: GERD and Insomnia-First Degree Relatives or Distant Cousins?. Nature reviews|gastroenterology & hepatology 2010; 7: 8-9.
10 Yu-Chieh Lin, Chih-Cheng Lai, Chih-Chiang Chien, Chin-Ming Chen, Shyh-Ren Chiang, Chung-Han Ho, etc. Is Insomnia a Risk Factor for New-Onset Asthma? A Population-Based Study in Taiwan. BMJ open 2017; 7(11).
11 Sharon Schutte-Rodin, Lauren Broch, Daniel Buysse, Cynthia Dorsey, Michael Sateia. Clinical Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Insomnia in Adults. Journal of clinical sleep medicine 2008; 4(5): 487-504.
12 Roya Kelishadi. Primordial Prevention of Non Communicable Disease. Switzerland: Springer; 2019.
13 Chakrit Sukying, Vandee Bhokakul, Umaporn Udomsubpayakul. An Epidemiological Study on Insomnia in an Elderly Thai Population . J Med Assoc Thai 2003; 86(4): 316-24.
14 Anthony D Ong, Bert N Uchino, Elaine Wethington. Loneliness and Health in Older Adults: A Mini-Review and Synthesis. Gerontology 2016; 62(4): 443-9.
15 Chris Segrin, Tricia J Burke. Loneliness and Sleep Quality: Dyadic Effects and Stress Effects. Behav Sleep Med 2015; 13(3): 241-54.
16 Weerakorn Thichumpa, Nopporn Howteerakul, Nawarat Suwannapong, Visasiri Tantrakul. Sleep Quality and Associated Factors Among the Elderly Living in Rural Chiang Rai, Northern Thailand. Epidemiol Health 2018; 14(40).
17 Jennifer A Ailshire, Sarah A Burgard. Family Relationships and Troubled Sleep Among U.S. Adults: Examining the Influences of Contact Frequency and Relationship Quality. J Health Soc Behav 2012; 52(2): 248-62.
18 Robert G Kent, Bert N Uchino, Matthew R Cribbet, Kimberly Bowen, Timothy W Smith. Social Relationships and Sleep Quality. Ann Behav Med 2015; 49(6): 912-7.
19 Mahesh M Thakkar, Rishi Sharma, Pradeep Sahota. Alcohol Disrupts Sleep Homeostasis. Alcohol 2014; 49(4): 299-310.
20 Timothy Roehrs, Thomas Roth. Insomnia as a Path to Alcoholism: Tolerance Development and Dose Escalation. Sleep 2018; 41(8).
21 Ian M. Colrain, Christian L. Nicholas, Fiona C. Baker. Alcohol and the Sleeping Brain. Handb Clin Neurol 2014; 125: 415-31.
22 Ying Ma, Zhi Hu, Xia Qin, etc. Prevalence and socio-economic correlates of insomnia among older people in Anhui, China. Australasian Journal on Ageing 2018; 37(3): 91-6.
23 Adetola M. Ogunbode, Lawrence A. Adebusoye, Olufemi O. Olowookere, etc. Factors Associated with Insomnia among Elderly Patients Attending a Geriatric Centre in Nigeria. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research 2014; 2014.
24 Woo Jung Kim, Won-tak Joo, Jiwon Baek, etc. Factors Associated with Insomnia among the Elderly in a Korean Rural Community. Psychiatry Investigation 2016; 14(4).
25 Mounir Chennaoui, Pierrick J Arnal, Fabien Sauvet, Damien Léger. Sleep and Exercise: A Reciprocal Issue?. Sleep Med Rev 2015; 20: 57-72.
26 Pei-Yu Yang, Ka-Hou Ho, Hsi-Chung Chen, Meng-Yueh Chien. Exercise Training Improves Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Sleep Problems: A Systematic Review . J Physiother 2012; 58(3): 157-63.
27 Glauber Sá Brandão, Glaucia Sá Brandão Freitas Gomes, Glaudson Sá Brandão, Antônia A Callou Sampaio, Claudio F Donner, Luis V F Oliveira, etc. Home Exercise Improves the Quality of Sleep and Daytime Sleepiness of Elderlies: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Multidiscip Respir Med 2018; 15.
28 Kathryn J Reid, Kelly Glazer Baron, Brandon Lu, Erik Naylor, Lisa Wolfe, Phyllis C Zee . Aerobic Exercise Improves Self-Reported Sleep and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Insomnia. Sleep Med 2010; 11(9): 934-40.
29 Katrina L Piercy, Richard P Troiano, Rachel M Ballard, Susan A Carlson, Janet E Fulton, Deborah A Galuska, et al . The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Jama 2018; 320(19).
30 Andrew J. K. Phillips, William M. Clerx, Conor S. O’Brien, Akane Sano, Laura K. Barger, Rosalind W. Picard, et al. Irregular sleep/wake patterns are associated with poorer academic performance and delayed circadian and sleep/wake timing. Scientific Reports 2017.
31 Marc Wittmann, Jenny Dinich, Martha Merrow, Till Roenneberg. Social Jetlag: Misalignment of Biological and Social Time . Chronobiol Int 2006; 23(1-2): 497-509.
32 Junxin Li, Michael V Vitiello, Nalaka S Gooneratne. Sleep in Normal Aging. Sleep Med Clin 2018; 13(1): 1-11.
33 Eman Shokry Abd Allah, Hassanat Ramadan Abdel-Aziz, Amany Rashad Abo El-Seoud. Insomnia : Prevalence, risk factors, and its effect on quality of life among elderly in Zagazig City, Egypt. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 2014; 4(8).
34 Andrew J K Phillips, William M Clerx, Conor S O'Brien, Akane Sano, Laura K Barger, Rosalind W Picard . Irregular sleep/wake Patterns Are Associated With Poorer Academic Performance and Delayed Circadian and sleep/wake Timing. Sci Rep 2017; 7(1).
35 Maurice M Ohayon, Mary A Carskadon, Christian Guilleminault, Michael V Vitiello. Meta-analysis of Quantitative Sleep Parameters From Childhood to Old Age in Healthy Individuals: Developing Normative Sleep Values Across the Human Lifespan. Sleep 2004; 27(7): 1055-73.
36 สถาบันเวชศาสตร์ผู้สูงอายุ กรมการแพทย์ กระทรวงสาธารณสุข. แนวทางเวชปฏิบัติการดูแลรักษาผู้สูงอายุที่มีความผิดปกติเกี่ยวกับการนอนหลับ. กรุงเทพฯ: ชุมนุมสหกรณ์การเกษตรแห่งประเทศไทย; 2551.
37 Yu-Mei Wanga, Hong-Guang Chena, Mei Song, etc . Prevalence of insomnia and its risk factors in older individuals: acommunity-based study in four cities of Hebei Province, China. Sleep Medicine 2016; 19(2016): 116-122.
38 H Farazdaq, M Andrades, K Nanji. Insomnia and its correlates among elderly patients presenting to family medicine clinics at an academic center. Malays family medicine 2018; 13(3): 12-9.
39 Harneet K. Walia, Reena Mehra. Practical Aspects of Actigraphy and Approaches in Clinical and Research Domains. Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2019; 130: 371-79.
