5G AND FUTURE TECHNOLOGIES: REVOLUTIONIZING CONNECTIVITY AND THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT)

Abstract

This article aims to introduce 5G technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) as the core drivers of the connectivity revolution in the digital world. With the capability to enhance communication and operations across all dimensions, 5G offers significant advantages, such as communication speeds multiple times faster than 4G, ultra-low latency enabling real-time applications, and the ability to support devices within the same area. These features foster the development of IoT, facilitating the interconnection of various devices ranging from smart homes and smart cities to Industry 4.0. This article analyzes the role of 5G and IoT in driving economic and social transformation. For instance, city development leverages IoT sensors to monitor air quality and regulate transportation systems. The industrial sector is undergoing a revolution through smart factories that optimize production efficiency. Meanwhile, healthcare is being enhanced by health systems, such as telemedicine and robotic surgeries controlled via 5G networks. Additionally, IoT enhances agricultural efficiency through real-time monitoring of soil conditions, water levels, and plant health. However, 5G and IoT comes with several challenges, including cybersecurity risks associated with the increasing number of connected devices, the substantial investment required for 5G infrastructure, and legal and regulatory limitations that remain underdeveloped in many countries. To address these challenges, this article proposes key strategies, including developing a skilled workforce in technology, enhancing digital literacy among the public, regulating digital platform algorithms, and fostering international cooperation. The proper development and implementation of 5G and IoT will enable these technologies to serve as a fundamental foundation for a sustainable digital transformation, supporting future economic and social development.