Theory Model of Public Policy Implementation

Abstract

            Public policy is the way the state will act or will not act to solve public problems and develop the whole nation to prosper which aims to respond or solve the quality of life of citizens in the state to be more complete. There are many dimensions for studying the public policy, whether it is studying the public policy contents, public policy processes analysis or policy implementation that every process of public policy is important in itself. However, studying of the implementation of public policy into practice is extremely important that is, understanding about the ability to push the operational mechanism that covers activities, individuals or groups of people, both in the public or private sectors, resource usage, efforts to stimulate work organizational performance by doing concrete actions through plans, projects and activities to achieve the objectives of public policy.

            The theoretical model of public policy implementation can be classified into 3 groups as follows; (1) The top-down theories of implementation are the model of the policy implementation process of Van Meter and Van Horn, the general model of implementation process, and the political model. (2) The bottom-up theories of implementation are the bureaucratic process model of Lipsky, the backward mapping or bottom up perspective model, and the model of structure. And (3) the hybrid theories of implementation are the interactions between factor models, the model of decentralization program implementation process, the rational model, the management model, the organization development model, the policy-program-implementation process : PPIP, the integrative model, and the integrated theory of public policy implementation.