Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Large-Scale Longan Farmers and Their Challenges in Export Production in Lamphun, Thailand

Abstract

Background and Aims: This study investigates the current state of longan production for international markets, focusing on pathways to enhance long-term socio-economic sustainability. It also examines the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) and significant challenges related to production management faced by large-scale farmer collectives in Lamphun Province.

Methodology: The study employed a mixed-methods approach. Qualitative data was gathered via interviews with key informants, while quantitative data was collected from farmer samples using questionnaires. All data were subsequently analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results: Findings reveal Lamphun Province has a high production capacity, exceeding the national average yield, though output is declining slightly. Fresh longan dominates export value, but this market is overly reliant on China. Farmers possess moderate to high knowledge, particularly in chemical safety, yet lack a deep understanding of GAP regulations and post-harvest processes. While attitudes toward group development are highly positive and practices (especially chemical use) are strong, record-keeping is the weakest area. Major obstacles include reliance on middlemen, causing price instability, high production costs, skilled labor shortages, and poor post-harvest management.

Conclusion: The research concludes that despite farmers' positive outlooks and operational readiness, advancing their sustainable competitiveness requires interventions. Specifically, they need enhanced technical knowledge (particularly in comprehensive GAP standards and environmental management and effective solutions to address structural problems. The findings provide clear practical and policy implications, pointing to the need for market restructuring to improve farmer livelihoods and for practical, targeted extension programs to close specific knowledge gaps.