Factors affecting the reduction of pollution and transportation costs of entrepreneurs: A CASE STUDY OF XYZ Co., Ltd.

Abstract

This study is a qualitative study. The objective was 1) examine approaches to reduce pollution and transportation costs for entrepreneurs in the case study company; 2) analyze comparative data on the cost effectiveness and breakeven point of electric trucks versus diesel trucks within the organization, and 3) evaluate the benefits of implementing the Green Logistics approach within the company. The participants in this qualitative research included seven key informants—comprising one manager, two supervisors, and four truck drivers from the case study company. Data was collected using purposive sampling through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, and comparative data analysis was conducted accordingly.

The study's findings revealed that: 1) Replacing diesel trucks with electric trucks significantly reduced CO₂ emissions by 6,530.05 kilograms per specified usage cycle.; 2) Electric trucks demonstrated superior performance with a maximum driving distance of 400 kilometers per day, yielding a monthly cost savings of 9,459 baht. The fuel/energy cost per kilometer was 1.72 baht lower than diesel trucks, resulting in an average operating cost of 4.48 baht per kilometer. The electric trucks also showed a higher internal rate of return (IRR) of 7.93%, leading to annual cost savings exceeding 71,015.24 baht.; and 3) Implementing green logistics enabled XYZ Co., Ltd. to manage operational costs more efficiently while reducing environmental impact. This strategic shift created a competitive advantage aligned with both national and international sustainability policies. Additionally, the company benefited from reduced long-term fuel expenses and lower maintenance requirements due to the simpler design of electric truck engines, ultimately improving operational efficiency and supporting the company’s long-term sustainable development goals.